First published in 1986. The main purpose of this work is to present a developmental perspective different from the prevailing Western one. The author hopes that this point of view will contribute towards the goal of developing a general theory of world development of human societies that presently does not exist. Though the focus of this study is on Islamic views of administrative development, other aspects of development - such as the political and socio-economic - are also discussed.
This is the biography of ‘The Shining Star’ (’Akhtar-e-Tabaan’) which rose in Bihar (India), radiated across the Indian subcontinent, and illuminated the path of many Africans towards Shī‘a Islam. Through his pen, he lit the lamp of Shī‘ism across continents and oceans, from Indonesia, to Guyana, to Europe, and beyond. ‘Allāmah Sayyid Saeed Akhtar Rizvi was confronted by many dark clouds: unfamiliar lands, languages, cultures, opposition, prejudice, politics, & more. However, his luminosity pierced through, overcoming all hurdles in his path of tabligh. Hopefully, reading his life’s story will re-energize your spirit to serve the cause of Islam, even when challenges come your way. This book hopes to demonstrate that if a person is equipped with true knowledge, a spirit of perseverance and sincerity, God will grant him tawfiq and success. ISBN 9780920675854. Copyright 2021, Al-Ma'arif Publications, All rights reserved.
Pakistan has been subjected to numerous pulls an pressures since its independence. Despite being part of the US-led alliances, Pakistan was dismembered in 1971. With the end of the Cold War, the situation has gone from bad to worse and even after a long period of existence Pakistans security remains threatened by the adversary. Consequently Pakistan has to spend much more on defence than her resources permitting. The only plausible way out for Pakistan is to look for Friends near Home who could act as the relief zones to off-set the potential threat and provide all possible assistance to safeguard her strategic security interests. Friends Near Home presents the realistic perspective, analysis and aspirations by someone from the soil which should interest the civilians as well as those in uniform. Focussing on Pakistans strategic security options, the thesis succinctly examines the politico-strategic and maritime environment of the region which includes South Asia, South-West Asia and Central Asia with special reference to the North-West Indian Ocean Region milieu. The author has made a positive effort to analyse the viability and efficacy of the regional states i.e. Friends near Home, with a view to enhance Pakistans security parameters. All this reflects authors vision of Pakistan into 21st Century and beyond. This book also presents the guiding principles for the regional as well as extra regional countries. Some bold thoughts and recommendations suggested in this book could serve as the stabilizing factors for the region and ultimately contributing towards the world peace and stability. Expansion of the Gulf Cooperation Council leading to the establishment of the Enlarged Economic Cooperation Organisation is one such realistic but challenging proposition. Pakistans envisaged maritime orientation should conveniently help attainment of this difficult but achievable objective. Those in power should carry this vision to the testing grounds for the sake of a promising future ushering a new era of cooperation and development in this resource-rich region, and striving together for world peace and stability.
The global energy scenario is undergoing an unprecedented transition. In the wake of enormous challenges—such as increased population, higher energy demands, increasing greenhouse gas emissions, depleting fossil fuel reserves, volatile energy prices, geopolitical concerns, and energy insecurity issues—the energy sector is experiencing a transition in terms of energy resources and their utilization. This modern transition is historically more dynamic and multidimensional compared to the past considering the vast technological advancements, socioeconomic implications and political responses, and ever-evolving global policies and regulations. Energy insecurity in terms of its critical dimensions—access, affordability, and reliability—remains a major problem hindering the socioeconomic progress in developing countries. The Handbook of Energy Transitions presents a holistic account of the 21st-century energy transition away from fossil fuels. It provides an overview of the unfolding transition in terms of overall dimensions, drivers, trends, barriers, policies, and geopolitics, and then discusses transition in terms of particular resources or technologies, such as renewable energy systems, solar energy, hydropower, hydrogen and fuel cells, electric vehicles, energy storage systems, batteries, digitalization, smart grids, blockchain, and machine learning. It also discusses the present energy transition in terms of broader policy and developmental perspectives. Further, it examines sustainable development, the economics of energy and green growth, and the role of various technologies and initiatives like renewables, nuclear power, and electrification in promoting energy security and energy transition worldwide. Key Features Includes technical, economic, social, and policy perspectives of energy transitions Features practical case studies and comparative assessments Examines the latest renewable energy and low-carbon technologies Explains the connection between energy transition and global climate change
Martyrdom narratives (maqtals) represent a prominent genre of Islamic, particularly Shiʽi, literature. In this genre, the heart-rending aspects of the martyrdom scenes of religiously prominent people are depicted graphically. Although not exclusively limited to the martyrdom accounts of Imam al-Ḥusayn and his companions, who were martyred on the plain of Karbala, Iraq, a great majority of Islamic martyrdom narratives deal with the Ashura episodes. As the first book-length treatment of this genre in English, this text takes the reader from the dawn of Islam in ancient Arabia, exploring the background of the Battle of Karbala and giving a view of the various maqtals and several related studies. Although examining Arabic and Persian sources, this book presupposes little background knowledge on the part of the reader.
This innovative book analyses the growth of Deobandi Islam, a religious sect whose followers include extremist groups, through the frame of a counterculture in conflict with mainstream Muslim society. Due to its relationship with the Taliban, close links to al-Qaeda, and worldwide reach through the ‘Tablighi Jamaat’ (Proselytization Group), the Deoband Madrassah Movement has come to acquire global significance. In Pakistan, Deobandi schools have increasingly been associated with the rise of an intolerant and militant strain of Islam linked with terrorist activities.
The book, Imām Ḥusayn The Savior of Islam, compiled by Sayyid Muhammad Rizvi, contains seven sections that discuss different aspects related to the event of Karbalâ. In addition, six sections are written or translated by either Sayyid Saeed Akhtar Rizvi or Sayyid Muhammad Rizvi. Husayn – The Heir of the Divine Guides (by Sayyid Muhammad Rizvi), takes a general look at the event of Karbalâ in a very factual way. It answers questions such as ‘Who was Imam Husayn?’ ‘What did he do?’, ‘Against whom?’, and ‘Why?’. Due to its factual nature, this section of the book can easily be used in an Islamic History class, since it provides an accurate historical account of what took place through the Shî`ah perspective. The language used is also quite simple and easy for children and adults alike to understand. The Martyr – An Analysis (by Ayatullah Mutahhari, translated by Sayyid Muhammad Rizvi), discusses the status and sanctity of martyrdom in Islam, using Imam Husayn as an example. This chapter provides the reader with a much deeper insight into the issue of martyrdom and even jihad, even exploring the rationale and way of thinking of a martyr. Furthermore, it puts into perspective the struggle of Imam Husayn and reminds us of his greater mission. The Martyrs of Karbalâ (by Sayyid Saeed Akhtar Rizvi), is once again quite factual, in that it lists the names of the people martyred in Karbalâ according to: their tribe, their relation to Imam Husayn a, whether they died in Karbalâ or afterwards, and their relationship to the other martyrs. In my view, this section would probably be of most use to a young scholar who is conducting research on the event. The Family of Imam Husayn (by Sayyid Saeed Akhtar Rizvi), sheds some light on the women and children in Imam Husayn’s a family, particularly about their cultural and familial origins. Hind or Uraynab, A Good Example of Umayyad Propaganda (by Sayyid Saeed Akhtar Rizvi), is perhaps the most distinct in the entire book. It discusses the narration of an event involving the marriage of Imam Hasan or Imam Husayn to a woman named Uraynab or Hind, who chose to marry the Imam instead of Yazîd. Thus, the narration implies that the conflict between Imam Husayn and Yazîd originated due to a fight over a woman, and had little to do with ‘the Truth’. However, what is strange about this narration is that it has six uniquely different versions. In order to indicate the various flaws in the event, the author chooses to analyze and crosscheck all six of the narrations, and to evaluate them historically. In doing so, the author successfully illustrates an example of an Umayyad-fabricated narration, which happens to have no basis whatsoever. The Selected Sayings and Letters of Imam Husayn, (by Sayyid Muhammad Rizvi). In most of theses letters and sayings, Imam defines and again re-defines his purpose of traveling to Karbalâ, for example he says: “I am not rising (against Yazîd) as an insolent, or an arrogant [person], or a mischief-monger or as a tyrant. I have risen as I seek to reform the ummah of my grandfather. I wish to bid the good and forbid the evil …”. The Life of Imam Husayn, which happens to be the longest section of the book, and is reproduced from Shaykh al-Mufid’s Kitãb al-Irshãd (translated by Doctor I. K. A. Howard). It is a semi-detailed account of the entire life of the Imam, starting from his birth, going on to talk about the period of his khilafa, to the cause of his death and his place of burial. It then includes a chronological list on the life of all fourteen Ma`sûmîn.
The field of research: Pakistani Punjab -- Islam, image and iconophobia -- Popular arts and its transformation -- Popular religious art -- Popular figures of piety -- Popular secular art -- Souvenir arts -- Objects of status representation -- Family memorabilia -- Conclusion: Identities and manifestation.
The Mecca Bible is the culmination of 38 years of research, yielding the following major findings: The Holy Land promised to Abraham was not Palestine but the Mecca region of Arabia. The Israelites were originally from ancient West Arabia, with a significant population still present during the emergence of Islam, forming an important part of Saudi Arabia's population today. The original Old Testament was written in the old Arabic of the 2nd millennium BCE. Two distinct eras emerge from this research: The Israelite Era: According to this research, the Garden of Eden was situated in the lush green mountains of West Arabia during the Savannah period following the last Ice Age. The four rivers mentioned in the Old Testament are identified as four valleys in this region. Noah's clan resided near Tayef to the North. The boat of Noah is said to have landed in the mountain area of Al Arid in East Arabia, leading to the repopulation of Arabia after the Deluge. The homeland of the first Semitic Gubarah/Hebrews was the Riyadh region, from where Abraham's clan migrated to Dawasir valley and then to the Mecca region. Jacob and his children left for Misr (modern-day Ethiopia) from Idhim, south of Mecca. The Exodus under Moses is said to have occurred from Axum, with the Red Sea crossing at Bab el Mandeb, leading to a 40-year wandering in the Tihama region of Asir in Saudi Arabia. Joshua is credited with leading the conquest of the Holy Land of Mecca, and King David established a kingdom with U’ra es-Salam/Mecca as its capital. King Solomon is believed to have built the Temple to encompass the Kaaba in the location of the holy mosque of Mecca. Following Solomon, the kingdom was divided, with Samaria/A’sfan in the north and U’ra es-Salam/Mecca in the south falling to the Assyrians and Chaldeans, respectively. The Jewish Era: After Babylon fell to Cyrus the Great, the Israelites gradually returned to U’ra es-Salam/Mecca, albeit facing opposition from surrounding tribes. The Achaemenid Empire guaranteed religious freedom to its subjects. Alexander the Great's conquest in 332 BCE did not extend to Arabia, allowing Arabs to regain their independence. Believers faced pressure from heathen Arab tribes, leading to a choice between abandoning their monotheistic beliefs or leaving. While some integrated with local beliefs, a minority moved to Greek-dominated lands. In Alexandria, the Hebrew Old Testament was translated to Greek, and a Hashemite Meccan dynasty led Jews in Palestine. Under pro-Greek influence, the community started to disconnect from West Arabia. Scriptures were translated from Greek to Aramaic, defining Canaan as Palestine, Syria as Aram, and Misr as Egypt. The gentile Edomites/Adnanites emigrated from Arabia, favored by Romans for their lack of allegiance to the Greeks. King Herod built the Jerusalem Temple, which existed during Jesus Christ's time and was destroyed by the Romans in AD 70. The 2nd century witnessed the deportation of Jews from Palestine. Identity of Original Scriptures: In Palestine, liturgy was conducted in Aramaic, with Hebrew largely forgotten. In the 5th century AD, efforts to read square Aramaic texts began in Galilee and Babylonia, which were previously copied from old Aramaic texts commissioned by Ezra. This research posits that the texts must be reread in the 28-letter format and in the context of their place of origin, ancient West Arabia. When interpreted as such, geographic and historical contradictions can be resolved. Y-DNA Haplogroup Studies: Recent Y-DNA genetic studies support these findings, with high compatibility found between the Y-DNA of the Cohen family and royalty members from Jordan, Morocco, and the Shareefs of Mecca. Most of the population in KSA belongs to the J1 haplogroup family. Ashkenazi Jews are believed to have central Asian and East European origins, while Sephardim Jews have North African origins.
Changing Patterns of Warfare between India and Pakistan analyzes how advanced nuclear technologies and the advent of disruptive technologies have affected the evolving conflict between India and Pakistan. Advanced nuclear technologies such as nuclear submarines, aircraft carriers, ballistic missile defence systems (BMDs), multiple independently targetable re-entry vehicles (MIRVs), anti-satellite weapons (ASAT); and disruptive technologies such as hypersonic weapons, artificial intelligence (AI), lethal autonomous weapons (LAWs), unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) / drones and space-based and cyber technologies have all complicated crisis dynamics and the domain of warfare in the region. Further, the employment of India’s compellence strategy is an indication of a change in its stance that demonstrates smart/surgical strikes are now more likely. The phenomenon of surgical strikes raises the question of how disruptive technologies will be used to gain direct/indirect military control and hence challenge the existing status quo and deterrence stability. Against this backdrop, the authors predict how this conflict may develop in the future and evaluate the ways to stabilize deterrence and regulate the militarization of artificial intelligence and disruptive technologies between India and Pakistan. This book will be of interest to all those researching and working in the fields of security studies, strategic studies, nuclear policy, deterrence thinking and proliferation/non-proliferation aspects of the nuclear weapons programme within South Asia and beyond. It will also be relevant for the academic community, policy-makers, diplomats, members of international non-governmental organizations (INGOs), professional research institutes and organizations working on India–Pakistan relations.
We are living in fascinating times, when the power of technology is not just reshaping, but is transforming the globe in unprecedented ways. These include the ability to connect with anyone across the globe in an instant using a tiny device in the palm of our hands to the availability of self-learning systems to take over, not only the most mundane of tasks, but the most sophisticated tasks previously thought to be performable only by superior human faculties. Regardless of whether you consider this progress to be beneficial to society or harmful, these technological advancements are here to stay. On one hand, these current transformational technological advancements threaten this stability of society. On the other hand, they present an opportunity for all of us to awaken our inner entrepreneurs. This book makes the transition from an employee to an entrepreneur smooth for the masses. Many of us have ideas to improve this world in some way and even feel strongly about some of those ideas at a deeper level. However, we find ourselves perplexed on two levels: 1. Where to start when building an idea into a business? 2. What are the various dimensions and activities needed to launch an idea into a business? This book will introduce you to a structured framework, called Transform3+1, to transform your idea into a business by following simple and specific steps spread across four stages. The framework is grounded in the belief that all solutions solve human problems using technology or otherwise. The first stage will help you understand the problem facing your target user by building empathy. Once you understand the problem, comes the stage of devising a solution in an iterative manner through prototyping the new concept and validating with the user. Most start-ups fail not because they didn’t find the right problem to solve for the target user or that their solution lacked technological prowess but because they could not figure out a sustainable business model. Third stage will focus on crafting a business model. And the final stage introduces you to a unique approach of managing risk associated with your venture. This unique framework leverages the principles of Design Thinking, agile development, and lean start-up combined in an easy to follow manner by anyone and helps transform ideas into business in a short timeframe with little or no investment.
Agriculture plays a pivotal role in the economy and development of Pakistan providing food to consumers, raw materials to industries, and a market for industrial goods. Unfortunately, agricultural production is stagnant due to several barriers including a fixed cropping pattern, reliance on a few major crops, a narrow genetic pool, poor seed quality, and a changing climate. In addition, the high cost of production, weak phytosanitary compliance mechanisms, and a lack of cold chain facilities makes Pakistan agriculturally uncompetitive in export markets. Despite all these issues, agriculture is the primary industry in Pakistan and small farmers continue to dominate the business. Small farmers grow crops for subsistence under a fixed cropping pattern and a holistic approach is required to develop agriculture to improve the livelihoods of the rural populace. This book presents an exhaustive look at agriculture in Pakistan. Chapters provide critical analyses of present trends, inadequacies in agriculture, strategic planning, improvement programs and policies while keeping in view the natural resources, plant- and animal-related agricultural production technologies, input supplies, population planning, migration and poverty, and balanced policies on finance, credit, marketing, and trade.
The British became the dominant power in the Arab Gulf in the late eighteenth century. The conventional view has justified British imperial expansion in the Gulf region because of the need to supress Arab piracy. This book, first published in 1988, challenges the myth of piracy and argues that its threat was created by the East India Company for commercial reasons. The Company was determined to increase its share of Gulf trade with India at the expense of the native Arab traders, especially the Qawasim of the lower Gulf. However, the Company did not possess the necessary warships and needed to persuade the British Government to commit the Royal Navy to achieve this dominance. Accordingly the East India Company orchestrated a campaign to misrepresent the Qawasim as pirates who threatened all maritime activity in the northern Indian Ocean and adjacent waters. Any misfortune that happened to any ship in the area was attributed to the ‘Joasmee pirates’. This campaign was to lead eventually to the storming of Ras al-Khaimah and the destruction of the Qawasim. Based on extensive use of the Bombay Archives, previously unused by researchers, this book provides a thorough reinterpretation of a vital period in Gulf history. It also illuminates the style and method of the East India Company at a critical period in the expansion of the British Empire.
This book discusses the biology, breeding, care, and management of camels, with a focus on camels from Pakistan. The book provides a sound understanding of how to look after camels, their senses, behavior, and adaptations. The chapters describe the practical aspects of camel husbandry such as how to maintain their body condition, feet, and cleanliness. It covers the types of feeds, feeding methods, and their needs at different stages of life. The book provides a detailed account of camel husbandry, breeding, and reproduction. It is meant for camel breeders, veterinarians, livestock advisers, students, and researchers working on animal sciences, camel rearing, feeding, and management. FEATURES Includes information about different species of camels present in Pakistan and their importance to humans Discusses the nutrition and feeding of camels, the medicinal qualities of camel milk, and the peculiar immunity-enhancing properties of their nutritious meat Describes the features of camels that help them survive and thrive in deserts and make them the animals of the future Covers the range of unique products obtained from camels and their economic value Explores the management, types of diseases in camels, causes of their spread, their control, and therapeutic measures for successful and productive farming
An automatic recognition of human activities enables their use in several interesting applications of daily life. This dissertation emphases on the analysis of human activities in a visual surveillance scenario and the classification of physical activities in the therapeutic procedure using visual data. The first part of the dissertation proposes a robust gait representation to recognise the identity of a person using his/her walking style, dealing with its several real world challenges as well as taking into consideration the effects of cross-view recognition. In the second part, a complete framework is proposed to capture and analyse the movement of different body parts in human which is useful in the clinical assessment to detect any movement disorders and the assessment of the desired therapeutic program.
Peste de Petits Ruminants (PPR) is a highly contagious viral disease of domestic and wild small ruminants that can significantly affect economies. The authors are experts in the field and provide an up-to-date and comprehensive review covering all aspects of the disease. The book is divided into seven chapters highlighting genome organization, virus replication and the determinants of virulence, pathophysiology and clinical disease, immunology and immunopathogenesis, epidemiology, diagnostic assays and vaccines, and the challenges concerning global eradication. It is an invaluable reference work, presenting the latest information for virologists, microbiologists, immunologists, veterinarians, and scientists working in PPR research.
إن الإمام البخاري قد ضمن صحيحه كتابا للأدب وهو الكتاب الثامن والسبعون من صحيحه لكنه لم يكتف بذلك حتى أفرد للأدب كتابا مستقلا سماه : " الأدب المفرد " لأنه قد جعله مقصورا على موضوع الأدب دون غيره فجاء فريدا في نوعه، جامعا للآداب الإسلامية، فهو بحق موسوعة إسلامية في الآداب، جدير بكل مسلم أن يقتنيها لينتفع بما تحويه من كنوز نبوية شريفة وهذه طبعة مخرجة الاحاديث وعليها حواشي مهمة مترجما باللغة الانكليزية
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