Arising in the 1910s and emerging as legitimate governing bodies in the 1990s, the South African and the Palestinian national liberation movements have exhibited remarkable parallels over the course of their development. The fortunes of the African National Congress and the Palestinian Liberation Organization, however, have proven strikingly different. How the movements, despite similar circumstances and experiences, have arrived at such dissimilar outcomes is described in Liberation and Democratization--
A multivocal account of why Egypt's defeated revolution remains a watershed in the country's political history. Bread and Freedom offers a new account of Egypt's 2011 revolutionary mobilization, based on a documentary record hidden in plain sight—party manifestos, military communiqués, open letters, constitutional contentions, protest slogans, parliamentary debates, and court decisions. A rich trove of political arguments, the sources reveal a range of actors vying over the fundamental question in politics: who holds ultimate political authority. The revolution's tangled events engaged competing claims to sovereignty made by insurgent forces and entrenched interests alike, a vital contest that was terminated by the 2013 military coup and its aftermath. Now a decade after the 2011 Arab uprisings, Mona El-Ghobashy rethinks how we study revolutions, looking past causes and consequences to train our sights on the collisions of revolutionary politics. She moves beyond the simple judgments that once celebrated Egypt's revolution as an awe-inspiring irruption of people power or now label it a tragic failure. Revisiting the revolutionary interregnum of 2011–2013, Bread and Freedom takes seriously the political conflicts that developed after the ouster of President Hosni Mubarak, an eventful thirty months when it was impossible to rule Egypt without the Egyptians.
I willingly present this book to every person capable of understanding the divine words sent to people, especially the groups of grown up men and women who are eager for gaining deeply-rooted knowledge. Those targeted people are the ones who have reached the age of twenty-five and more. Those are the people who seek the bases of knowledge that through its flashlights leads to enlightening the value of freeing the soul of humanity through validity and sincerity of worship. This is to promote the value of humanity by its creator in the three holy books which are Koran, Torah and the Bible. They also highlight the value of woman by what is mentioned about her in the holy verses of God, the glory, in the Koran, and the other holy books including the Bible, and the Torah. I present this with hard evidences that witness God’s veneration for women so that we will succeed in facing the tyranny of the cultural slavery and in freeing women from the materialistic human slavery.
This book is specifically in Lebanese Arabic In this modern-day fairytale, a lazy farmer and his greedy wife find a magical jar that can change lives for the better and for the worse. The Levantine Arabic Readers series aims to provide learners with much-needed exposure to authentic language. The fifteen books in the series are at a similar level (B1-B2) and can be read in any order. The stories are a fun and flexible tool for building vocabulary, improving language skills, and developing overall fluency. The main text is presented on left-facing pages with tashkeel (diacritics) to aid in reading, while parallel English translations on right-facing pages are there to help you better understand new words and idioms. A second version of the text is given at the back of the book, without the distraction of tashkeel and translations, for those who are up to the challenge. On the Lingualism website, you can find: free accompanying audio to download or stream (at variable playback rates) a guide to the Lingualism orthographic (spelling and tashkeel) system a blog with tips on using our Levantine Arabic readers to learn effectively
Arising in the 1910s and emerging as legitimate governing bodies in the 1990s, the South African and the Palestinian national liberation movements have exhibited remarkable parallels over the course of their development. The fortunes of the African National Congress and the Palestinian Liberation Organization, however, have proven strikingly different. How the measurements, despite similar circumstances and experiences, have arrived at such dissimilar outcomes is described in Liberation and democratization. Younis traces the evolution of the movements, from early domination by elites to the ascendancy of mass-based forces in their last phases of expansion. She shows how this latest shift, accompanied by a democratization of the process of liberation, made the movements more effective in the 1980s. Liberation and Democratization also identifies dissimilarities -- the balance of class forces and resources -- that led to the A.N.C.'s greater success relative to the P.L.O.'s achievements. The first comprehensive comparison of two of the most significant liberation movements of this century, Younis's work brings to light problems and dynamics that will remain work well into the future.
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