For three decades, Sri Lanka’s civil war tore communities apart. In 2009, the Sri Lankan army finally defeated the separatist Tamil Tigers guerrillas in a fierce battle that swept up about 300,000 civilians and killed more than 40,000. More than a million had been displaced by the conflict, and the resilient among them still dared to hope. But the next five years changed everything. Rohini Mohan’s searing account of three lives caught up in the devastation looks beyond the heroism of wartime survival to reveal the creeping violence of the everyday. When city-bred Sarva is dragged off the streets by state forces, his middle-aged mother, Indra, searches for him through the labyrinthine Sri Lankan bureaucracy. Meanwhile, Mugil, a former child soldier, deserts the Tigers in the thick of war to protect her family. Having survived, they struggle to live as the Sri Lankan state continues to attack minority Tamils and Muslims, frittering away the era of peace. Sarva flees the country, losing his way – and almost his life – in a bid for asylum. Mugil stays, breaking out of the refugee camp to rebuild her family and an ordinary life in the village she left as a girl. But in her tumultuous world, desires, plans, and people can be snatched away in a moment. The Seasons of Trouble is a startling, brutal, yet beautifully written debut from a prize-winning journalist. It is a classic piece of reportage, five years in the making, and a trenchant, compassionate examination of the corrosive effect of conflict on a people.
New drilling techniques for oil and natural gas are propelling an energy production renaissance in the United States. As the US economy struggles to emerge from the Great Recession, many see the boom as a possible source of economic salvation that could reduce unemployment and revitalize American manufacturing. Until now, however, there has been little objective analysis of the energy boom's economic consequences. In this major study, Trevor Houser and Shashank Mohan fill that gap. They assess the impact of the recent and projected increase in domestic energy production on US GDP, employment growth, manufacturing competitiveness, household expenditures, and international trade balance. Alongside its economic impact, the American energy revolution is raising new environmental and trade policy questions. What are the consequences for the environment and global warming of increased domestic oil and gas production? Should companies be allowed to export the energy they produce or will doing so undermine American manufacturing competitiveness? Houser and Mohan provide independent research and analysis that will help policymakers navigate these issues.
The development of modern knowledge-based systems, for applications ranging from medicine to finance, necessitates going well beyond traditional rule-based programming. Frontiers of Expert Systems: Reasoning with Limited Knowledge attempts to satisfy such a need, introducing exciting and recent advances at the frontiers of the field of expert systems. Beginning with the central topics of logic, uncertainty and rule-based reasoning, each chapter in the book presents a different perspective on how we may solve problems that arise due to limitations in the knowledge of an expert system's reasoner. Successive chapters address (i) the fundamentals of knowledge-based systems, (ii) formal inference, and reasoning about models of a changing and partially known world, (iii) uncertainty and probabilistic methods, (iv) the expression of knowledge in rule-based systems, (v) evolving representations of knowledge as a system interacts with the environment, (vi) applying connectionist learning algorithms to improve on knowledge acquired from experts, (vii) reasoning with cases organized in indexed hierarchies, (viii) the process of acquiring and inductively learning knowledge, (ix) extraction of knowledge nuggets from very large data sets, and (x) interactions between multiple specialized reasoners with specialized knowledge bases. Each chapter takes the reader on a journey from elementary concepts to topics of active research, providing a concise description of several topics within and related to the field of expert systems, with pointers to practical applications and other relevant literature. Frontiers of Expert Systems: Reasoning with Limited Knowledge is suitable as a secondary text for a graduate-level course, and as a reference for researchers and practitioners in industry.
Destiny takes Bhavaani and Shankar into the mystical worlds, co-existing on the Earth. Stuck in an unknown world, they discover more of their superpowers while saving the lives of the people there. They meet the deities, the Architect of the World, and the Divine Programmer, and learn all about the multiple worlds on Earth. They understand the gravity of the role they are playing in a divine mission. They are graced by the presence of the great multi-headed serpent deity, Lord Adishesha. They also get a preview of their next life where they play a lead role in taking the world to the next level, making way for a new way of life. They have one final task, to complete the divine mission. But unexpected challenges come their way from humans and demons that can jeopardize the completion of the divine mission.
While a substantial body of research explains how the conflict between India and Pakistan originated and developed over time, a systematic and multivariate inquiry cutting across different IR paradigms to understand this rivalry is rare or limited. Surinder Mohan contributes to the understanding of India and Pakistan’s rivalry by presenting a new type of framework, also known as complex rivalry model. This comprehensive model, by not limiting its theoretical tool-kit to any single paradigm, is unique in its approach and better positioned to debate and answer baffling questions that the single-paradigm-based studies address rather inadequately and in isolation. This book, through an examination of fifty-seven militarized disputes between 1947 and 2021, explains the life cycle of India-Pakistan rivalry in four phases: initiation; development; maintenance; and a possible transformation/termination. Mohan delineates five specific conditions that evolved the subcontinental conflict into a complex rivalry: first, its survival in spite of the Bangladesh War and the end of the Cold War; second, its linkage with other rivalries; third, the inclusion of nuclear factor; fourth, the dyadic stability in the militarized disputes and hostility level despite changes in the regime type; and fifth, the dyad’s involvement in a multilayered conflict pattern. To break this deadlock and mitigate their longstanding differences, Mohan proposes that India and Pakistan must reframe their national priorities and political goals so that the new situation or combinations of conditions would assist their peace strategists to downgrade the dyadic hostility and implement risky policies to make headway to a promising transformation.
Kate is seemingly born with bad luck. Her sibling dies at a young age, and her parents are bankrupt. They end up getting divorced when Kate is four. With both parents unable financially and emotionally to support her, Kate ends up missing in the Grand Central Terminal in New York City. Soon after, she meets Max in a bakery. Max finds Kate just as he wins the New York lottery. He moves Kate to Los Angeles, where she meets Julia. Julia becomes the mother Kate never had, but she still sometimes thinks of her parents in New York. Kate’s once unfortunate life becomes one of adventure when she meets Jason at the Taj Mahal in India. When Julia dies, though, Kate feels the pullback to New York, where she now seeks her birth parents and some kind of reconciliation. However, matters of the heart are never simple, as Kate’s challenges have only just begun.
Street Blood, Dead or Alive Jack’s life in St. Helena, California became worse when his father was murdered. He becomes filled with regret and anger and chooses to cope by organizing illegal street fights. One day, Jack’s illegal street fights put him in danger when he meets Frankie, a powerful and ruthless man who controls a dark world of sports and crime. Frankie offers Jack a deal: win a championship and gain freedom. However, as Jack advances to the top, he discovers Frankie’s illegal blood sports operation is a cover for other more heinous criminal activities and he realizes that he is in grave danger. Will Jack win the championship and escape, or will Frankie’s lethal underworld blood sports psychologically damage him? Read Street Blood: Dead or Alive to find out.
Seeing, Doing, and Knowing is an original and comprehensive philosophical treatment of sense perception as it is currently investigated by cognitive neuroscientists. Its central theme is the task-oriented specialization of sensory systems across the biological domain. Sensory systems are automatic sorting machines; they engage in a process of classification. Human vision sorts and orders external objects in terms of a specialized, proprietary scheme of categories - colours, shapes, speeds and directions of movement, etc. This 'Sensory Classification Thesis' implies that sensation is not a naturally caused image from which an organism must infer the state of the world beyond; it is more like an internal communication, a signal concerning the state of the world issued by a sensory system, in accordance with internal conventions, for the use of an organism's other systems. This is why sensory states are both easily understood and persuasive. Sensory classification schemes are purpose-built to serve the knowledge-gathering and pragmatic needs of particular types of organisms. They are specialized: a bee or a bird does not see exactly what a human does. The Sensory Classification Thesis helps clarify this specialization in perceptual content and supports a new form of realism about the deliverances of sensation: 'Pluralistic Realism' is based on the idea that sensory systems coevolve with an organism's other systems; they are not simply moulded to the external world. The last part of the book deals with reference in vision. Cognitive scientists now believe that vision guides the limbs by means of a subsystem that links up with the objects of physical manipulation in ways that bypass sensory categories. In a novel extension of this theory, Matthen argues that 'motion-guiding vision' is integrated with sensory classification in conscious vision. This accounts for the quasi-demonstrative form of visual states: 'This particular object is red', and so on. He uses this idea to cast new light on the nature of perceptual objects, pictorial representation, and the visual representation of space.
Multimedia data comprising of images, audio and video is becoming increasingly common. The decreasing costs of consumer electronic devices such as digital cameras and digital camcorders, along with the ease of transportation facilitated by the Internet, has lead to a phenomenal rise in the amount of multimedia data generated and distributed. Given that this trend of increased use of multimedia data is likely to accelerate, there is an urgent need for providing a clear means of capturing, storing, indexing, retrieving, analyzing and summarizing such data. Content-based access to multimedia data is of primary importance since it is the natural way by which human beings interact with such information. To facilitate the content-based access of multimedia information, the first step is to derive feature measures from these data so that a feature space representation of the data content can be formed. This can subsequently allow for mapping the feature space to the symbol space (semantics) either automatically or through human intervention. Thus, signal to symbol mapping, useful for any practical system, can be successfully achieved. Perspectives on Content-Based Multimedia Systems provides a comprehensive set of techniques to tackle these important issues. This book offers detailed solutions to a wide range of practical problems in building real systems by providing specifics of three systems built by the authors. While providing a systems focus, it also equips the reader with a keen understanding of the fundamental issues, including a formalism for content-based multimedia database systems, multimedia feature extraction, object-based techniques, signature-based techniques and fuzzy retrieval techniques. The performance evaluation issues of practical systems is also explained. This book brings together essential elements of building a content-based multimedia database system in a way that makes them accessible to practitioners in computer science and electrical engineering. It can also serve as a textbook for graduate-level courses.
I lost a friend. I know the feeling. I understand the implications. But, I can’t change the situation. I need to accept and move on. It is the case everywhere. No one is given a second chance. At least in fiction, we can imagine what things would be like if given an opportunity. The Golden Opportunity to revive a friend. This story is about friendship between teenagers that takes them on an expedition to unexpected places, unearth a new set of challenges and face their emotions towards one another. The evolution of their relationship among themselves and with their parents made a compelling story to be told. I wish you joy as you embark on a journey in your mind with these characters. I wish you the same pleasure reading this book as I had in writing it. “A fun, fast-paced story filled with magic, mystery, and adventure.” –David Aretha, Moonbeam Children’s Book Award winner
This book presents a framework for the linguistic analysis of speech and a computer program to process the results of this analysis. The model of description for the linguistic analysis is that known as ‘scale-and-category’ grammar. It is particularly suited for a study of how people use their language, and especially for a sociologically-oriented study of linguistic behaviour. By incorporating a concept of ‘delicacy’, it enables the investigator to vary, according to his particular interests, the amount of detail he enters into at various points in the description. The present authors have made use of this facility and discuss the special interests, sociological and psychological, that influenced their choice of detail. The computer program analyzes the grammatical structures written in a linear notation. A second version has been written which allows easy modification to handle a variety of grammatical schemes, and the program has application to the processing of the analysis of sequential behaviour in general, especially where there are complex relations between the units analyzed.
The Language of Mathematics was awarded the E.W. Beth Dissertation Prize for outstanding dissertations in the fields of logic, language, and information. It innovatively combines techniques from linguistics, philosophy of mathematics, and computation to give the first wide-ranging analysis of mathematical language. It focuses particularly on a method for determining the complete meaning of mathematical texts and on resolving technical deficiencies in all standard accounts of the foundations of mathematics. "The thesis does far more than is required for a PhD: it is more like a lifetime's work packed into three years, and is a truly exceptional achievement." Timothy Gowers
This book offers an original intersection of concepts from Immanuel Kant’s moral command ethics and Søren Kierkegaard’s existential ethics. The Kantian formulation of moral law is based on theoretical ground while Kierkegaardian ethics of the quest for selfhood views it as the very act of living. The present work provides an account of both these perspectives and questions whether these approaches to morality are mutually exclusionary. Using Slavoj Žižek’s ‘parallax view’ in the realm of morality, it argues that moral philosophy must engage with a constant critique of ‘difference’ around which the transformation of our various perspectives to morality revolves. This work appeals for furtherance of the conversation model and participation of perspectives to transcend ‘positional confinement’. It advocates the traversing of the ethical parallax to allow for intellectual openness and an empathetic perception of the ‘other’. Engaging and well-researched, this book will be of interest to scholars and researchers of ethics, political philosophy and continental philosophy.
Rising China and emerging India are becoming major maritime powers. As they build large navies to secure their growing interests, both nations are roiling the waters of the Indo-Pacific—the vast littoral stretching from Africa to Australasia. Invoking a tale from Hindu mythology— Samudra Manthan or "to churn the ocean"—C. Raja Mohan tells the story of a Sino-Indian rivalry spilling over from the Great Himalayas into the Indian and Pacific Oceans. He examines the prospects of mitigating the tensions and constructing a stable Indo-Pacific order. America, the dominant power in the area, is being drawn into the unfolding Sino-Indian competition. Despite the huge differences in the current naval capabilities of China, India, and the United States, Mohan argues that the three countries are locked in a triangular struggle destined to mold the future Indo-Pacific.
Rapid developments in analytical techniques and the use of modern reagents in organic synthesis during the last two decades have revolutionized the approach to organic structure determination. As advanced topics in organic analysis such as spectroscopic methods are being introduced, postgraduate students (majoring in organic chemistry) have been feeling handicapped by the non-availability of a book that could uncover various aspects of qualitative and quantitative organic analysis. This book is written primarily to stimulate the interest of students of organic chemistry and pharmaceutical sciences in organic analytical chemistry. Key features: Identification and characterization of organic compounds by classical methods Mechanism of various reactions involved in the detection of functional groups and their derivatization Functional groups interfering with a given test procedure Identification of organic compounds by spectral methods (IR, UV, NMR and Mass Spectrometry) Chemical analysis by other instrumental techniques-Atomic emission spectroscopy, Electron spin resonance spectroscopy, Atomic absorption spectroscopy, flnorimetry & Phosphorimetry, Flame photometry and X-ray methods General techniques for separation and purification including Gas Chromatography and HPLC Preparation of organic compounds based on important name reactions and pharmaceutical properties Mechanism of the reactions involved in the synthesis Simple analytical techniques and specific methods of quantitative elemental, functional groups and biochemical estimations Composite spectral problems Incorporating ample modern techniques of organic analysis, this book will be of great value to graduate & postgraduate students, teachers and researchers in the field of organic chemistry and pharmaceutical sciences.
Food insecurity is a persistent problem in most of the developing Nations of the world and `food security' is their priority. Deals with this problem in a holistic perspective, discussing the availability and accessibility to food. Salient Features `For holistic perspectives on food security in developing world, situation, assessment and policy options' - A conceptual framework for food insecurity study within the World System. - Concepts and key issues related to food insecurity. - Understanding availability and accessibility and discussions on poverty, hunger, population and ecology links. - Resource base, technology, agricultural productivity and diversification. - Role of various agencies in food security system, including NGOs. - A review of population and food policies. - Relevance of food and developmental aid, inevitability, compulsions and options. - Effectiveness of regional co-operation. - Securing food for all-impediments and opportunities.
Gandhi and Philosophy presents a breakthrough in philosophy by foregrounding modern and scientific elements in Gandhi's thought, animating the dazzling materialist concepts in his writings and opening philosophy to the new frontier of nihilism. This scintillating work breaks with the history of Gandhi scholarship, removing him from the postcolonial and Hindu-nationalist axis and disclosing him to be the enemy that the philosopher dreads and needs. Naming the congealing systematicity of Gandhi's thoughts with the Kantian term hypophysics, Mohan and Dwivedi develop his ideas through a process of reason that awakens the possibilities of concepts beyond the territorial determination of philosophical traditions. The creation of the new method of criticalisation - the augmentation of critique - brings Gandhi's system to its exterior and release. It shows the points of intersection and infiltration between Gandhian concepts and such issues as will, truth, violence, law, anarchy, value, politics and metaphysics and compels us to imagine Gandhi's thought anew.
This book summarizes the lifetime work of Dr K. Mohan Iyer and is based on his research done at the University of Liverpool, UK, where he devised a "modified posterior approach to the hip joint" and has been following it from 1981 till today. The book discusses the anterior approach to the hip on a standard operating table, using a leg holder with a combined spinal anesthetic and general anesthetic. It studies total hip replacement as a day-case as an evolution in total hip replacement and presents the principles of anterior approach for total hip arthroplasty, including discussions on the choice of patients, superficial and deep dissection, and dedicated surgical instruments. It provides extensive details on the direct anterior approach (DAA) and shows how the DAA to the hip can be carried out on a plain table, which can be useful in countries in Asia, such as India, without the use of special operating tables and dedicated surgical instruments for the same. The book is helpful for the upcoming postgraduates in orthopedics anywhere in the world to be well versed in DAA to the hip joint.
Crossword Puzzle Solver Dictionary is an aid for solving quick and Speedy crossword puzzles. When we want the meaning of a word, we normally search the meaning of that word in any English Dictionary. We know the meaning but we do not know the correct word, Crossword puzzle Solver gives the correct word. It is a sort of Reverse Dictionary but not a thesaurus. It is an effort of two decades compiling and it contains almost every clue.
Artificial intelligence (AI) in its various forms –– machine learning, chatbots, robots, agents, etc. –– is increasingly being seen as a core component of enterprise business workflow and information management systems. The current promise and hype around AI are being driven by software vendors, academic research projects, and startups. However, we posit that the greatest promise and potential for AI lies in the enterprise with its applications touching all organizational facets. With increasing business process and workflow maturity, coupled with recent trends in cloud computing, datafication, IoT, cybersecurity, and advanced analytics, there is an understanding that the challenges of tomorrow cannot be solely addressed by today’s people, processes, and products. There is still considerable mystery, hype, and fear about AI in today’s world. A considerable amount of current discourse focuses on a dystopian future that could adversely affect humanity. Such opinions, with understandable fear of the unknown, don’t consider the history of human innovation, the current state of business and technology, or the primarily augmentative nature of tomorrow’s AI. This book demystifies AI for the enterprise. It takes readers from the basics (definitions, state-of-the-art, etc.) to a multi-industry journey, and concludes with expert advice on everything an organization must do to succeed. Along the way, we debunk myths, provide practical pointers, and include best practices with applicable vignettes. AI brings to enterprise the capabilities that promise new ways by which professionals can address both mundane and interesting challenges more efficiently, effectively, and collaboratively (with humans). The opportunity for tomorrow’s enterprise is to augment existing teams and resources with the power of AI in order to gain competitive advantage, discover new business models, establish or optimize new revenues, and achieve better customer and user satisfaction.
Learn ECMAScript explores implementation of the latest ECMAScript features to add to your developer toolbox, helping you to progress to an advanced level. Learn to add 1 to a variable and safely access shared memory data within multiple threads to avoid race conditions.
You are a soldier and a CEO, about to be reborn into a new way of thinking about business; a moral one based on an original blueprint and ancient principles. As an entrepreneur, a businessperson, a human being, we all need a strategy for survival, success and sustenance in a chaotic world. Few business leaders have lived as international a life as Raj D. Mohan, whose homes have ranged from India, the United Kingdom, West Africa and beyond. His family’s business roots are in the pharmaceutical industry, giving him decades of experience and wisdom in one of the world’s most important economic sectors. Mohan insists the old adage “prevention is better than a cure” delivers a larger-than-life truth. Mary Poppins sang, “A spoonful of sugar makes the medicine go down”. Indeed, the bitter medicine of truth can be masterfully sugar-coated ensuring its palatability. Only then, can it be willingly consumed to bring holistic wellness for the user. The result is this book, a spiritual business guide for leaders of any industry providing a moral compass for decision-making, whether working one-on-one with employees and team players, or for major decisions in the boardroom, which can impact the lives of millions. Mohan enlightens us with many real-life examples in unique, entertaining ways. Woven through these anecdotes are fables, allegories and historical, mythical dramas from the world’s greatest religious beliefs—even to the legends of classical Rome and Greece, with their own pantheons of deities and figures. Each chapter contains a new insight into thinking for today’s companies and forward-thinking entrepreneurs and business managers. For everyone who wants to be a successful CEO of their own life, it’s a book you won’t want to miss.
Vijay, an MBA graduate, moves to Mumbai from his village to start afresh. To survive, he becomes a taxi driver. He soon finds his purpose, starts a taxi operating business and provides jobs to the poor and elderly. Simultaneously, he invests in shares, and with diligence, succeeds. He gets married and soon has kids. As time passes, Vijay goes on to become a very successful businessman. All was going well, when suddenly, a powerful don turned minister, attempts to extort an exorbitant amount of money from him. This was an overwhelmingly one-sided conflict. Soon after, Vijay is drawn into politics where he faces new realities, more powerful enemies, and corrupt politicians, willing to even murder him. Will Vijay’s diligence help?
Are you wondering if engineering, science, or business will work as a career choice for a young woman? Do you question if a woman can pursue a successful career in these fields while enjoying a satisfying family life and still find a way to make meaningful social contributions? Then this book, which chronicles the lives and careers of women who managed to do just that, is the one for you. These 29 women all graduated from the oldest engineering college in India sometime between 1943 and 1971. This was a difficult time for these pioneering women to pursue their chosen path, yet they all went on to make their mark in their unique ways in various fields of work in India as well as the USA. Overcoming several obstacles to their careers, they managed to find a good balance between family and work. A few were, and are, also great community leaders. Their lives are models of courage, initiative, perseverance, innovation, entrepreneurship, resilience and flexibility. Enjoy the stories of these courageous women and be inspired.
This book is a unique study of how the role of ‘the messenger’ has changed throughout history, starting from ancient times and ending with the person’s role today. The chapters include an analysis of the personal characteristics required by a messenger, the dangers they often have to face, especially in troubled times, and how they have the power to change the course of history because of their functions. The book analyses various types of messengers who were, and are still, significant, and ends by looking at how the role will continue to develop and change, taking technological advances into account. The book, in short, is unusual, captivating and will be of interest to an informed general readership and academics of various disciplines. Of particular interest will be the analysis the book provides of the messengers we send into space in search of life, and the potential messengers who will visit our planet in the future.
Why is a certain behavior considered ethical? By what processes does a certain behavior become ethical? Why are some people more capable of behaving ethically? This book discusses questions such as these with the help of the perspectives drawn from three distinct fields: Religion, Philosophy and Neuroscience. Theorists from the ancient to the recent – from the Buddha and Socrates to Antonio Damasio – are covered.
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