The Silent and the Lost Alex Salim McKensie, a war baby of the 1971 Bangladesh War of Independence, is adopted by the McKensies, an American family that has lost their only son in Vietnam. Years later, Alex falls in love with Sangeeta Rai, but their happiness is threatened when the enigma of his birth casts a dark shadow over their relationship. The Silent and the Lost opens with the wedding of Alex and Sangeeta in Brentwood, California on a sunny Saturday in 1997, then travels back into the boiling cauldron of political clashes of East Pakistan in early 1971. Through the eyes of newlywed Nahar Sultana, her husband, student activist Rafique Chowdhury, and their friends we are immersed into the nine months of revolution that created Bangladesh. On March 25, 1971, Nahar, Rafique, Nazmul and the Rahmans find themselves in the center of Operation Searchlight at Dacca University. Miraculously surviving, they escape to Sheetalpur village. Longing for vengeance and freedom, Nazmul and Rafique leave for the Mukthi Bahini guerrilla camps in Agartala, India. In a twist of fate, in a brutal family betrayal, Nahar is captured by the Pakistani Army. Destitute and in utter despair, tortured and mad, Nahar grips desperately to her last scintilla of hope-Rafique's return. Two generations spread across two continents, thousands of miles apart, are brought jarringly together when Alex begins his search for answers to his beginnings. He discovers that his own struggle for happiness is inextricable from the history that he finds himself part of: the genocide that in 1971 ultimately created out of East Pakistan the new nation of Bangladesh. Set in a pivotal point of time, The Silent and the Lost powerfully chronicles the history of a revolutionary change in the socio-political landscape of the sub-continent, and takes us on a sinuous journey into a passionate and breathtaking untold account of heroism and betrayal, family and friendship, love and anguish-of the lives of the characters and millions of others swept up in the unfolding unrest, mayhem and suppressed genocide.
This novel lays bare the customs and conditions most young girls face in traditional African society south of the Sahara, while in transition from adolescence to womanhood. The priority of parents is for marriage, which produces pressure on both mother and daughter. In this story, Amina, the mother of Sadia, faces the odds of traditional settings to meet the expected standard in marriage. Dankantata is the rebellious suitor to Sadia, and against wisdom and logic, is a hard-core traditionalist. He will not bow down for a minute against his ego, even when it is in his own self-interest to comply with the wishes of his fiancée. The situation eventually leads him to court, with the ensuing case exposing the existing traditions represented by the Imams, clerics, and priests, as well as the cultural norms and state laws. The debate is well crafted and so interesting that it draws in readers with its depiction of marriage in another culture.
This book explores the position of Islamic theology and jurisprudence towards people with disabilities. It investigates how early and modern Muslim scholars tried to reconcile their existence with the concept of a merciful God, and also looks at how people with disabilities might live a dignified and productive life within an Islamic context. In his analysis of Islamic Theology, Ghaly pays attention to how theologians, philosophers and Sufis reflected on the purposes behind the existence of this phenomenon, and how to reconcile the existence of disability with specific divine attributes and an All-Merciful God. Simultaneously exploring the perspective of Muslim jurists, the book focuses on how people with disabilities can lead a dignified life in the financial and non-financial sense, in an extensive analysis of topics such as the human dignity of people with disabilities and the role of Greek physiognomy, their employability, medical treatment, social life with main focus on marriage-related issues, financial life and means of living. Investigating the topic of disability from early and modern Islamic perspectives, the author provides an analysis of Muslim discussions on various bioethical questions. As such, this book will be of great relevance to current heated debates on human rights of people with disabilities, as well as providing a valuable resource for courses on Multicultural bioethics, Islamic theology, Islamic law and medical anthropology.
First Published in 1980 Arabia Unified presents an insider’s view of Saudi Arabia’s history and the remarkable career of its founder. The book covers the capture of Riyadh from the Saud family’s greatest rivals, the Rashid’s, and the eventual defeat of Al Rashid at the battle of Rowdhat Muhanna; the elimination of Ibn Saud’s most implacable enemies; the incorporation of the provinces of Asir and Hejaz into the kingdom; and the rise, rebellion, and eventual defeat of the puritanical Ikhwan tribesmen. Author describes life with the King’s Bedouin warriors and the intricacies of the Arabian tribal system; the confrontation with the Imam Yahya of the Yemen; and finally, the start of the oil exploration which was to transform the country. The author concludes with his own account of the King’s character and achievements. Full of humor, anecdote and reminiscence, an accurate and personal record, this book is essential reading for all who wish to know about the history of Saudi Arabia.
A Nomad in Academia: A Reflective Account of an Academic’s Experience Across the Continents is the autobiographical account of Mohammed Abdur Razzaque, who was born in East Bengal, now called Bangladesh. His inspiring story begins in 1968 and continues up to present day. He left his homeland, East Pakistan, to study in the United States, and from there, has travelled and taught at universities throughout the world. He has experienced many cultures and wishes to share the insights gathered during his forty-three-year teaching career. This insightful autobiography by Mohammed Abdur Razzaque covers the time period between 1968 and 2014. In 1968, he reluctantly began his career as a metallurgical engineer in a steel mill. At the first available opportunity he quit the job and proceeded to the United States to pursue higher studies in business administration. The author returned to his home country of East Pakistan (now Bangladesh) as a university teacher in 1971, but left Bangladesh again in 1976. He says, “Since 1976, I have taught in universities in the Sudan, Singapore, Bangladesh, USA and Australia. For very short periods, I was also associated with universities in Finland, Malaysia, and UAE. I have received several teaching excellence awards, in 2007, 2009, and 2010.” A Nomad in Academia narrates the story of a young country boy who aspired to become a civil servant in his home country of East Pakistan, now called Bangladesh, but ended up being a marketing educator in a prestigious Australian university. It describes how he was forced to become an engineer, but then quit the profession to become a business teacher in several countries on different continents. It presents a fascinating account of his transformation as an academic, his experiences in various countries, and his interpretation of some of the events he witnessed during his forty-plus year teaching career.
This book contains details of how tyranny has risen in Bangladesh, the country that was founded in 1971 with the principle of democracy. It hopes to answer why and how the hopes and aspirations of our people have been ruined due to corrupt politicians, intellectuals, and bureaucrats. It hopes to answer why and how the evil totalitarian took place and how the current tyranny has been strengthened in such a horrific stage that the peace-loving people cant express their opinion under the ferocity of Sheikh Hasina. In my writings, I have described the historical background of our country up to the modern tyrannical era, which shouldnt exist anywhere on the face of the planet in the twenty-first century. In my writings, I have described how such an atrocious regime has been strengthened and why shouldnt they be forgiven. Freedom and liberty are the utmost universal values that no human being can sacrifice. In this book, I have passionately written my views based on the real scenarios of Bangladesh and mixed with some essays and poems. Knowing all about the risks, I believe that to live as human beings, we cant surrender to any dictator or oppressive regime. Surrendering to them will strengthen the evils, and we must restrain them by any means. No evil regime should represent any country or a nation or deny the very fundamental rights of their people. And Bangladesh is not an exception. My main objective in writing this book is to protect the people of our country, Bangladesh, and its sovereignty. God bless Bangladesh and the entirety of mankind. Mohammed D. Hussain
This book outlines the state of play in maritime security in the Gulf and provides a historical perspective to current issues while also surveying different mechanisms for Gulf maritime security, both at the collective and individual state levels. The book addresses a number of questions related to maritime security in the Gulf States, such as what are the main threats facing maritime security? Do the Arab Gulf States have the necessary naval capabilities to confront these maritime security threats? What are the efforts that the Arab Gulf States have made in order to maintain their maritime security? What are the regional frameworks through which the Arab Gulf States can address maritime security threats? And what are the obstacles hindering the Arab Gulf States’ efforts to maintain maritime security? This book would be a valuable read for Gulf Cooperation Council States, the ministries of defense in the Arabian Gulf countries, security institutions, the Arabian Gulf countries’ military academies, thinks tanks and universities in the six Gulf States, Western think thanks concerned with the Arabian Gulf region, and scholars specializing in Arabian Gulf countries.
This work brings together a wealth of data regarding the reference values and factors of variation in biochemical parameters used by camel veterinarians and scientists to determine these animals’ nutritional and clinical status. It also explores several technical aspects involved in determining these parameters, sampling procedures, and essential elements in the interpretation of the results. Though many texts are available on small and large ruminants, much less is known about species confined to the marginal zones of tropical and Mediterranean countries, such as camels. This book addresses precisely this research gap, on the one hand by presenting an extensive review of the literature, and on the other by synthesizing the outcomes of the authors’ numerous previous works. In veterinary medicine, blood tests to help diagnose diseases in cattle were first proposed nearly a century ago, but were mainly developed in the 1960s, initially at specialized research or veterinary services laboratories, and eventually, with the advent of new equipment and the miniaturization of the analyzers, finding their way into veterinarians’ cabinets. Beyond their diagnostic value, veterinary surgeons and zootechnicians also speculated on the potential use of blood tests to evaluate animals’ nutritional status. Thus, a whole range of analyses are now proposed to the stakeholders responsible for animal health. Such analyses could help to define a metabolic profile, which would offer a valuable decision-making tool for experts and researchers alike.
Analysts and pundits from across the American political spectrum describe Islamic fundamentalism as one of the greatest threats to modern, Western-style democracy. Yet very few non-Muslims would be able to venture an accurate definition of political Islam. Fully revised and updated, The Many Faces of Political Islam thoroughly analyzes the many facets of this political ideology and shows its impact on global relations.
**Introduction:** In the heart of Sylhet, a city known for its picturesque tea gardens and vibrant culture, a voice rose above the din of daily life—a voice that would come to champion the cause of inclusivity and sustainability. This is the voice of Mohammed Uzzal Miah, a man whose life has become a testament to the power of community engagement and social media in making a tangible difference. Born into a modest family in the bustling lanes of Sylhet, Miah's early years were marked by a keen sense of observation and a deep empathy for those around him. He witnessed the struggles of the underprivileged, the dreams of the youth, and the wisdom of the elders, all coexisting in the complex tapestry of urban life. These experiences sowed the seeds of a calling that would later define his life's work. As a young adult, Miah realized that change was not only necessary but possible through collective action and the right platform. With the advent of social media, he found his stage. Harnessing the power of these new tools, he began to weave stories—not just his own but those of the many unsung heroes of Sylhet. His words and images captured the essence of his city's spirit and started conversations that had long been overdue. The pages that follow in this eBook are a chronicle of Mohammed Uzzal Miah's journey. From his first foray into social activism to the launch of the groundbreaking "And-Inclusive Sylhet" initiative, we will explore the milestones that have marked his path. Through "Voices of Sylhet," a film series that brought the city's diverse narratives to the forefront, Miah not only amplified the voices of his community but also inspired a new generation to take up the mantle of change. This is more than just a story of a man and his mission; it is a blueprint for how passion, when paired with purpose, can transcend boundaries and foster a movement. It is a reflection on the role of influencers in today's world—a world where the local can become global, and a single voice can echo across the mountains and rivers of Sylhet to the farthest corners of the earth. Join us on this journey through the life of Mohammed Uzzal Miah, a beacon of social change, and discover how one individual's drive to make a difference can ignite the collective power of a community. --- This introduction sets the tone for the rest of the eBook, which would delve into the various chapters outlined previously. Writing the full content for each chapter would require extensive research, collaboration with the subject (if they were real), and a deep understanding of the social and cultural context of Sylhet. Each chapter would need to be carefully crafted to ensure accuracy and to maintain the reader's engagement throughout t he book.
Suspicions about the integration of Islam into European cultures have been steadily on the rise, and dramatically so since 9/11. One reason lies in the visibility of anti-Western Islamic discourses of salafi origin, which have monopolized the debate on the "true" Islam, not only among Muslims but also in the eyes of the general population across Europe; these discourses combined with Islamophobic discourses reinforce the so-called incompatibility between the West and Islam. This book breaks away from this clash between Islam and the West, by arguing that European Islam is possible. It analyzes the contribution that European Islam has made to the formation of an innovative Islamic theology that is deeply ethicist and modern, and it clarifies how this constructed European Islamic theology is able to contribute to the various debates that are related to secular-liberal democracies of Western Europe. Part I introduces four major projects that defend the idea of European Islam from different disciplines and perspectives: politics, political theology, jurisprudence and philosophy. Part II uses the frameworks from three major philosophers and scholars to approach the idea of European Islam in the context of secular-liberal societies: British scholar George Hourani, Moroccan philosopher Taha Abderrahmane and the American philosopher John Rawls. The book shows that the ongoing efforts of European Muslim thinkers to revisit the concept of citizenship and political community can be seen as a new kind of political theology, in opposition to radical forms of Islamic thinking in some Muslim-majority countries. Opening a new path for examining Islamic thought "in and of" Europe, this book will appeal to students and scholars of Islamic Studies, Islam in the West and Political Theology.
Virtue and the Common Good: Hermeneutic Foundations of aš-Šāṭibī's Ethical Philosophy arose as a response to the urgent need for epistemological research on the hermeneutic foundations of Islamic ethical and moral theory that has resulted from the current period of upheaval in Islamic theology. Choosing a late-medieval work of legal theory, namely, Abū Isḥāq Ibrāhīm ibn Mūsā aš-Šāṭibī's (d. 790/1388) al-Muwāfaqāt, as the point of departure, locates this study's discussion methodologically and theoretically in the genealogical process of re-reading and reconstructing Islamic thinking in modernity from the perspectives of contemporary philosophy of ethics. Thus, profoundly reflecting on modern understanding and interpretation of fundamental theological concepts in the Islamic legal- and moral theory becomes unavoidable.
Few people are more respected or better positioned to speak on the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan than M. Hassan Kakar. A professor at Kabul University and scholar of Afghanistan affairs at the time of the 1978 coup d'état, Kakar vividly describes the events surrounding the Soviet invasion in 1979 and the encounter between the military superpower and the poorly armed Afghans. The events that followed are carefully detailed, with eyewitness accounts and authoritative documentation that provide an unparalleled view of this historical moment. Because of his prominence Kakar was at first treated with deference by the Marxist government and was not imprisoned, although he openly criticized the regime. When he was put behind bars the outcry from scholars all over the world possibly saved his life. In prison for five years, he continued collecting information, much of it from prominent Afghans of varying political persuasions who were themselves prisoners. Kakar brings firsthand knowledge and a historian's sensibility to his account of the invasion and its aftermath. This is both a personal document and a historical one—Kakar lived through the events he describes, and his concern for human rights rather than party politics infuses his writing. As Afghans and the rest of the world try to make sense of Afghanistan's recent past, Kakar's voice will be one of those most listened to.
Rejecting theories of economic deprivation and psychological alienation, Mohammed Hafez offers a provocative analysis of the factors that contribute to protracted violence in the Muslim world today. Hafez combines a sophisticated theoretical approach and detailed case studies to show that the primary source of Islamist insurgencies lies in the repressive political environments within which the vast majority of Muslims find themselves. Highlighting when and how institutional exclusion and indiscriminate repression contribute to large-scale rebellion, he provides a crucial dimension to our understanding of Islamic politics.
Power System Fault Diagnosis: A Wide Area Measurement Based Intelligent Approach is a comprehensive overview of the growing interests in efficient diagnosis of power system faults to reduce outage duration and revenue losses by expediting the restoration process.This book illustrates intelligent fault diagnosis schemes for power system networks, at both transmission and distribution levels, using data acquired from phasor measurement units. It presents the power grid modeling, fault modeling, feature extraction processes, and various fault diagnosis techniques, including artificial intelligence techniques, in steps. The book also incorporates uncertainty associated with line parameters, fault information (resistance and inception angle), load demand, renewable energy generation, and measurement noises. - Provides step-by-step modeling of power system networks (distribution and transmission) and faults in MATLAB/SIMULINK and real-time digital simulator (RTDS) platforms - Presents feature extraction processes using advanced signal processing techniques (discrete wavelet and Stockwell transforms) and an easy-to-understand optimal feature selection method - Illustrates comprehensive results in the graphical and tabular formats that can be easily reproduced by beginners - Highlights various utility practices for fault location in transmission networks, distribution systems, and underground cables.
The subject of sterilization of food in cans has been studied both experimentally and theoretically, but limited work has been undertaken to study the sterilization of food in pouches. This book examines the interaction between fluid mechanics, heat transfer and microbial inactivation during sterilization of food in pouches. Such interaction is complex and if ignored would lead to incorrect information not only on food sterility but also on food quality.
This is the original History of the Modammedan Dynasties of Spain reprinted from the first edition of 1840-1843. It represents the foundations of our modern understanding of a great civilisation.
The Iranian Revolution has catalysed the preconceptions holding sway in the Western World about the character of Islam and its politics, based as they are on a mixture of imagined cultural superiority and a latent fear of a resurgence similar to the Arab conquests of the seventh and eighth centuries of the long Ottoman domination of Eastern Europe. This book constitutes a counterweight to such monolithic perceptions of Islam. It surveys the nature of opinion and of government in the larger Muslim regions of the world, and the position of Muslims in states where they are not the dominant population. Each contributor expresses his own assessment of the regional data, and the editor’s concluding chapter draws together the threads of a work which will form an important contribution to international understanding and a first breach in the ‘Green Curtain’ dividing East and West. First published in 1981.
In recent years there has been significant negative attention towards young British male Muslims, who are perceived to be increasingly dangerous and criminal. However, very little is known about those who offend, as few studies have attempted to understand their lived experience. After spending four years with a group of young British Pakistani Muslim men who were involved in a range of offending behaviours, Qasim gained unique first-hand insight into their multifaceted lives. In this book he unwraps their lives, taking into account their socio-economic situation, the make-up of their community, cultural and religious influences which impacted on them and their involvement in crime. He explores their identities and explains what role, if any, religion and Pakistani culture play in their criminal behaviour. With a focus on the apparent link with gun crime and drug dealing, this important book exposes the complex nature of the young men’s pathways into crime.
This book, “Islamic Wealth Planning & Management: The Practice of Personal Finance” focuses on personal financial management with applications of Shariah principles that suit both students and working people for entertaining applications. It begins with introducing wealth management, explaining how wealth can be created, accumulated, mobilized, preserved and purified. This book guides readers on investing their surplus income in the stock, bond, property and commodity markets that comply with Shariah principles. It describes how important it is for readers to have personal financial planning in their retirement, estate, and inheritance. It will plans that could provide regular returns and avoid the risk of losing their pension or EPF money. It concludes how easy it is to have their set of personal finance in terms of personal assets, personal, debts and personal income as a practical way to control expenses and hence avoid becoming bankrupt at the young ages of 25-40 years.
Winner of the 21st International Book of the Year Prize in Iran This book investigates the convergence of philosophy, scriptural exegesis, and mysticism in the thought of the celebrated Islamic philosopher Mullā Ṣadrā (d. 1050/1640). Through a careful presentation of the theoretical and practical dimensions of Ṣadrā's Qur'ānic hermeneutics, Mohammed Rustom highlights the manner in which Ṣadrā offers a penetrating metaphysical commentary upon the Fātiḥa, the chapter of the Qur'ān that occupies central importance in Muslim daily life. Engaging such medieval intellectual giants as Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī (d. 606/1210) and Ibn 'Arabī (d. 638/1240) on the one hand, and the wider disciplines of philosophy, theology, Sufism, and Qur'ānic exegesis on the other, Ṣadrā's commentary upon the Fātiḥa provides him with the opportunity to modify and recast many of his philosophical positions within a scripture-based framework. He thereby reveals himself to be a profound religious thinker who, among other things, argues for the salvation of all human beings in the afterlife.
Bangladesh has the world s fastest growing off-grid solar home system coverage, yet only 10% of mainly rural households have so far benefited. A key policy issue is whether the partial subsidy provided under the current program should be continued and this study highlights how the social benefits far exceed the cost of the subsidy.
Over the last two centuries the Muslim world has undergone dramatic transformations, impacting the Islamic tradition and throwing into question our understanding of tradition. The notion of tradition as an unmoving edifice is contradicted by the very process of its transmission, and the complex role human beings play in creating and sustaining traditions is evident in the indigenous mechanisms of change within the Islamic tradition. Politics of the Islamic Tradition locates the work of Egyptian cleric Muhammad al-Ghazali within the context of this dynamic Islamic tradition, with special focus on his political thought. Al-Ghazali inherited a vast and diverse heritage which he managed to reinterpret in a changing world. An innovative exploration of the change and continuity present within Muslim discourses, this book brings together disparate threads of the Islamic tradition, religious exegesis, the contemporary Arab Middle East, the Islamic state and idea of renewal in al-Ghazali’s thought. As well as being one of the first complete treatments of al-Ghazali’s works, this book provides an original critical approach to tradition and its capability for innovation and change, countering the dichotomy between tradition and modernity that typically informs most scholarly studies on contemporary Islam. Offering highly original insights into Islamic thought and engaging with critical notions of tradition, this book is essential reading for students and scholars of Islamic Politics and History.
There is no doubt that the events of 12 March 1993, which took place at Bombay, were the ghastliest of events. It is also wrong to directly connect the events of 12 March 1993 with the demolition of Babri Masjid on 06 December 1992. The events of 12 March 1993 took place only because of the partial treatment meted out to the Muslims of Bombay, by the State, during the riots which took place after the demolition of the Babri Masjid on 06 December 1992. In the name of investigations of the 12 March 1993 case, the entire community was targeted. We Indians were made to believe that the accused from 12 March 1993 were dealt with justice. Being associated with the case as an accused made me wonder as to how the judiciary did all these things while delivering justice. I would not have found all these wonders, had I got a job as an Islamic Finance Consultant, but for the need of a passport, as it was outside of India. Passports were granted by the State even to those who stood convicted in the same case for far more serious charges than mine. I took it to be the desire of the Supreme Power to narrate the injustice done in this case.
The Quran literally meaning "the recitation"; Qur'an or Koran is the central religious text of Islam, which Muslims believe to be a revelation from God. It is widely regarded as the finest piece of literature in the Arabic language. The Quran is divided into chapters called suras, which are then divided into verses called ayahs.
This volume explores the discourse of disaster and women in the existing social settings and state disaster-related affairs in coastal Bangladesh. It covers various issues ranging from disproportionate vulnerability, coping and adaptation mechanisms for women, limitations for promoting participation and involvement of women in the decision-making process both in family and community and changes in the role and responsibilities of women for reducing disaster risk and vulnerability. It contributes to the deconstruction of gender-based identity by addressing women's changing practices and roles in the coastal area in terms of the involvement of women with the development process, earning/income generation activities, decision-making process, access and entitlements to resources. This book presents the most current and inclusive circumstances of disaster and women of the coastal area in Bangladesh. The insights obtained through the eyes of a sociologist from a holistic perspective make this book different and unique. The book is of interest to researchers, academics, policymakers and professionals engaged in the social understanding of disaster studies, as well as to researchers and practitioners in interdisciplinary domains, including sociology, gender studies, social work, environmental studies, and development studies.
Islam recognizes a plurality of religions and asks Muslims to respect other religions. The primary role of interfaith dialogue is to remove misunderstanding and accept difference, the aim being to generate a climate of peaceful coexistence and harmonious social relations. And this is perhaps more needed today than ever before, as mankind is increasingly called upon to exercise tolerance in a markedly volatile world, where living and working together in diversity is fast becoming the norm. Interfaith dialogue is by no means easy, defensive reaction; uncomfortable exchange and an overwhelming desire to avoid a perceived compromise of deeply held principles are some of the pitfalls that can easily cool commitment and the best of endeavors. It is here that this Guide makes an important contribution. The book is designed to guide Muslims who are interested and/or involved in building relations with those of the Jewish and Christian faiths.
Analysts and pundits from across the American political spectrum describe Islamic fundamentalism as one of the greatest threats to modern, Western-style democracy. Yet very few non-Muslims would be able to venture an accurate definition of political Islam. Mohammed Ayoob's The Many Faces of Political Islam thoroughly describes the myriad manifestations of this rising ideology and analyzes its impact on global relations. "In this beautifully crafted and utterly compelling book, Mohammed Ayoob accomplishes admirably the difficult task of offering a readily accessible yet nuanced and comprehensive analysis of an issue of enormous political importance. Both students and specialists will learn a great deal from this absolutely first-rate book." ---Peter J. Katzenstein, Walter S. Carpenter, Jr. Professor of International Studies and Stephen H. Weiss Presidential Teaching Fellow, Cornell University "Dr. Ayoob addresses the nuances and complexities of political Islam---be it mainstream, radical, or militant---and offers a road map of the pivotal players and issues that define the movement. There is no one as qualified as Mohammed Ayoob to write a synthesis of various manifestations of political Islam. His complex narrative highlights the changes and shifts that have taken place within the Islamist universe and their implications for internal Muslim politics and relations between the world of Islam and the Christian world." ---Fawaz A. Gerges, Carnegie Scholar, and holds the Christian A. Johnson Chair in International Affairs and Middle Eastern Studies, Sarah Lawrence College "Let's hope that many readers---not only academics but policymakers as well---will use this invaluable book." ---François Burgat, Director, French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS) and the Institute for Research and Study on the Arab and Muslim World (IREMAM), Aix-en-Provence, France "This is a wonderful, concise book by an accomplished and sophisticated political scientist who nonetheless manages to convey his interpretation of complex issues and movements to even those who have little background on the subject. It is impressive in its clarity, providing a badly needed text on political Islam that's accessible to college students and the general public alike." ---Shibley Telhami, Anwar Sadat Professor for Peace and Development, University of Maryland, and Senior Fellow, Brookings Institution Mohammed Ayoob is University Distinguished Professor of International Relations with a joint appointment in James Madison College and the Department of Political Science at Michigan State University. He is also Coordinator of the Muslim Studies Program at Michigan State University.
Averting Famine on Iraq, My Memories for years of U.N sanction 1990-2003 Washington post March 3, 2003: About Iraqi Food Ration System “The ration program is regarded by the United Nations as the largest and most efficient distribution system of its kind in the world. International experts regard Iraqi program, which feeds more people than any other ration system in the world and is twice the size of WFP program worldwide operations, as the largest and most efficient in the world. The system was operating in weeks and it continued during the Gulf War, making Saleh something of national hero. I don’t think any body could do something better in term of accuracy and timely food distribution to the entire population. It is very impressive. Due said he fears a "catastrophe" if a conflict interferes with food shipments or if a change of government results in distribution being assumed by international aid organizations without participation of Iraqi civil servants. "There's no alternative to the current system," he said. "There's no way we could create something else that would work half as well as theirs." Dr. Mohammed Mahdi Saleh Al-Rawi Ph.D in Regional Development Planning,Manchester University.U.K,1978 . The Economic Advisor Of President Saddam Hussein 1981-1987, Minister of Trade,Iraq, 1987-2003,(concerntly Minister of Finance 1989-1991) Fellow of National Development Economic Instute of the World Bank, 1980, Member of Intrem Committee of International Monetary Fund 1989-1991 , Iraqi Representative in the Economic and Social Council of Arab League 1987-2003, Iraqi Representative in the Council of Economic Arab Union 1978-2003, Professor of Sustainable Development, University of Jordan, 2014-2022.
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