The hawari of Cairo - narrow non-straight alleyways - are the basic urban units that have formed the medieval city since its foundation back in 969 AD. Until early in the C20th, they made up the primary urban divisions of the city and were residential in nature. Contemporary hawari, by contrast, are increasingly dominated by commercial and industrial activity. This medieval urban maze of extremely short, broken, zigzag streets and dead ends are defensible territories, powerful institutions, and important social systems. While the hawari have been studied as an exemplar for urban structure of medieval Islamic urbanism, and as individual building typologies, this book is the first to examine in detail the socio-spatial practice of the architecture of home in the city. It investigates how people live, communicate and relate to each other within their houses or shared spaces of the alleys, and in doing so, to uncover several new socio-spatial dimensions and meanings in this architectural form. In an attempt to re-establish the link between architecture past and present, and to understand the changing social needs of communities, this book uncovers the notion of home as central to understand architecture in such a city with long history as Cairo. It firstly describes the historical development of the domestic spaces (indoor and outdoor), and provides an inclusive analysis of spaces of everyday activities in the hawari of old Cairo. It then broadens its analysis to other parts of the city, highlighting different customs and representations of home in the city at large. Cairo, in the context of this book, is represented as the most sophisticated urban centre in the Middle East with different and sometimes contrasting approaches to the architecture of home, as a practice and spatial system. In order to analyse the complexity and interconnectedness of the components and elements of the hawari as a 'collective home', it layers its narratives of architectural and social developments as a domestic environment over the past two hundred years, and in doing so, explores the in-depth social meaning and performance of spaces, both private and public.
This book offers a chronicle of, and a revealing look at, the 2011 Egyptian Revolution and its aftermath. The author, an Egyptian-American journalist living in Egypt, detailed the news coverage and man-in-the-street impressions of Mubarak's fall and Mohamed Morsi's struggle to stay in power. At home in the U.S. as well as in Egypt, he uses his experience as a journalist to explain for Americans the confrontation between Islamists and seculars.
The Egyptian press has a large readership and potential influence on public opinion in Egypt and the Arab world. The Egyptian Press and Coverage of Local and International Events analyzes this understudied area. Written in Egypt, the book is formed of five chapters and analyzes in qualitative and quantitative methods close to 300 newspaper and magazine articles. It studies the Egyptian press and investigates the challenges it faces to be compatible with that in the west, and evaluates the renowned book Four Theories of the press and whether today's Egyptian press can fit in one of those theories. It also looks at the concepts of framing and discourse analysis adopted later. The author examines how the Egyptian press framed the Sudanese refugees' riot in Cairo in December 2005 by the top thirteen Egyptian national, independent, and party newspapers. It found that independent and party newspapers enjoy more freedom than national ones in criticizing government and the way police tackled the protest. However, independent newspapers were more vigorous in their criticism than party ones. The author observes that the weekly magazines tended to frame their coverage in a somewhat anti-government slant, accusing authorities and ferry owners of failure and corruption. Finally, the book compares coverage of the Israeli War in Lebanon in July 2006 by Egypt's giant semi-official daily newspaper Al-Ahram with that by two prominent, non-Egyptian pan-Arab dailies Al-Hayat and Asharq Al-Awsat. He finds that while Al-Hayat and Asharq Al-Awsat, which are owned by Saudi businessmen, portrayed Hizbullah in an unfavorable manner, Al-Ahram was somewhat favorable in its coverage of the Lebanese resistance group.
This book provides a collection of high-quality research works that address broad challenges in both theoretical and applied aspects of dynamic wireless sensor networks (WSNs) for intelligent and smart applications in a variety of environments. It presents the most central concepts associated with Dynamic Wireless Sensor Networks applications, and discusses issues surrounding Wireless Sensor Network Structures for complex and mobile-based applications. The book subsequently discusses several topics related to energy management in dynamic WSNs, and reviews the steps involved in building a secure and trusted data transmission model using the WSN applications of intelligent environments. Lastly, it discusses the applications of WSNs in live data systems such as SCADA systems. Readers will discover a collection of high-quality research works that address broad challenges in both theoretical and applied aspects of WSNs for intelligent real-life applications. In addition, the book presents original research on the application of a dynamic WSN to solve the problem of energy consumption in a secure WSN during the process of data aggregation and transmission. Written by respected experts in the field, the book will stimulate further efforts in the application of the intelligent WSNs model, helping to solve the problem of data processing in a limited resource WSN-based environment.
Numerical Modeling of Nanoparticle Transport in Porous Media: MATLAB/PYTHON Approach focuses on modeling and numerical aspects of nanoparticle transport within single- and two-phase flow in porous media. The book discusses modeling development, dimensional analysis, numerical solutions and convergence analysis. Actual types of porous media have been considered, including heterogeneous, fractured, and anisotropic. Moreover, different interactions with nanoparticles are studied, such as magnetic nanoparticles, ferrofluids and polymers. Finally, several machine learning techniques are implemented to predict nanoparticle transport in porous media. This book provides a complete full reference in mathematical modeling and numerical aspects of nanoparticle transport in porous media. It is an important reference source for engineers, mathematicians, and materials scientists who are looking to increase their understanding of modeling, simulation, and analysis at the nanoscale. - Explains the major simulation models and numerical techniques used for predicting nanoscale transport phenomena - Provides MATLAB codes for most of the numerical simulation and Python codes for machine learning calculations - Uses examples and results to illustrate each model type to the reader - Assesses major application areas for each model type
An award-winning account of Nobel laureate Naguib Mahfouz’s most controversial novel and the fierce debates that it provoked Naguib Mahfouz’s novel Children of the Alley has been in the spotlight since it was first published in Egypt in 1959. It has been at times banned and at others allowed, sold sometimes under the counter and sometimes openly on the street, often pirated and only recently legally reprinted. It has inspired anxiety among the secular authorities, rage within the religious right, and a drawing of battle lines among Arab intellectuals and writers. It dogged Mahfouz like a curse throughout the remainder of his career, led to his attempted assassination, and sparked a public debate that continues to this day, even after the author’s death in 2006. It is Egypt’s iconic novel, in whose mirror millions have seen themselves, their society, and even the universe, some finding truth, others blasphemy. In this award-winning account, Mohamed Shoair traces the story of Mahfouz’s novel as a cultural and political object, from its first publication to the present via Mahfouz’s award of the Nobel prize for literature in 1988 and the attempt on his life in 1994. He presents the arguments that swirled about the novel and the wide cast of Egyptian figures, from state actors to secular intellectuals and Islamists, who took part in them. He also contextualizes the interactions among the principal characters, interactions that have done much to shape the country’s present. Extensively researched and written in a lucid, accessible style, The Story of the Banned Book is both a gripping work of investigative journalism and a window onto some of the fiercest debates around culture and religion to have taken place in Egyptian society over the past half-century.
This book treats all kind of data in neutrosophic environment, with real-life applications, approaching topics as linear programming problem, linear fractional programming, integer programming, triangular neutrosophic numbers, single valued triangular neutrosophic number, neutrosophic optimization, goal programming problem, Taylor series, multi-objective programming problem, neutrosophic geometric programming, neutrosophic topology, neutrosophic open set, neutrosophic semi-open set, neutrosophic continuous function, cylindrical skin plate design, neutrosophic MULTIMOORA, alternative solutions, decision matrix, ratio system, reference point method, full multiplicative form, ordinal dominance, standard error, market research, and so on. The selected papers deal with the alleviation of world changes, including changing demographics, accelerating globalization, rising environmental concerns, evolving societal relationships, growing ethical and governance concern, expanding the impact of technology; some of these changes have impacted negatively the economic growth of private firms, governments, communities, and the whole society.
In the era of the Internet of Things and with the explosive worldwide growth of electronic data volume, and associated need of processing, analysis, and storage of such a humongous amount of data, it has now become mandatory to exploit the power of massively parallel architecture for fast computation. Cloud computing provides a cheap source of such a computing framework for a large volume of data for real-time applications. It is, therefore, not surprising to see that cloud computing has become a buzzword in the computing fraternity over the last decade. Applications of Cloud Computing: Approaches and Practices lays a good foundation for the core concepts and principles of cloud computing applications, walking the reader through the fundamental ideas with expert ease. The book progresses on the topics in a step-by-step manner. It reinforces theory with a full-fledged pedagogy designed to enhance students' understanding and offer them a practical insight into the applications of it. It is a valuable source of knowledge for researchers, engineers, practitioners, and graduate and doctoral students working in the field of cloud computing. It will also be useful for faculty members of graduate schools and universities.
Is a short voyage to the summit of the highest implant dentistry world which can be denoted? (Immediate perfection of the necessary dental interventions) aiming to satisfy the patient and the implantologist respecting the time with easiness and happiness. As a postgraduate graduate or dental implantologist, this book provides a concise and essential practical guide through the history of immediate implant, the versatility of implant systems, proper designing the treatment plan with an evaluation of the risk factors besides the important surgical, prosthetic, aesthetic, and prostheses aspects of immediate implant care in addition to the confirmation of digital work and artificial intelligence as the way to rear the best-hopped results.
The Gulf state of Qatar tops the Forbes list of the world's richest countries. In 2010, the country had the world's highest GDP per capita, and its reserves of oil and natural gas are vast. It has been estimated that Qatar will invest more than $120 billion in the energy sector over the next ten years. Yet Qatar has climbed to this pinnacle of wealth and influence in a remarkably short time, and from a starting point of obscurity and insignificance. This astonishing transition is the direct result of the efforts nearly 200 years ago of one visionary man - Jassim bin Muhammad Bin Thani, known as 'the Leader'. Qatar in the 1830s was a fragmented region, a desert peninsula without security or borders, where coastal communities depended on pearling for survival, while constantly at the mercy of tribal raiders. Jassim's background in this precarious environment led to his understanding that the gap between tribal settled peoples must be bridged, and then to his harnessing of regional conflicts to create a unified Qatari state. Skilfully allying with Ottoman forces to fend off the British, Jassim established power in the newly rebuilt capital, Doha, eventually becoming the first leader of the new country. Little known outside Qatar, Jassim's extraordinary achievement cannot be understated. By the time of his death on the eve of the First World War, both the Ottomans and the British had recognised Qatar's autonomy, and the way was open for the country he had created to move steadily forward to its enviable economic position today.
This book examines the evolution of Islam in our modern world. The renowned Tunisian scholar Mohamed Haddad traces the history of the reformist movement and explains recent events related to the Islamic religion in Muslim countries and among Muslim minorities across the world. In scholarly terms, he evaluates the benefits and drawbacks of theological-political renovation, neo-reformism, legal reformism, mystical reformism, radical criticism, comprehensive history and new approaches within the study of Islam. The book brings to life the various historical, sociological, political and theological challenges and debates that have divided Muslims since the 19th century. The first two chapters address failed reforms in the past and introduce the reader to classical reformism and to Mohammed Abduh. Haddad ultimately proposes a non-confessional definition of religious reform, reinterpreting and adjusting a religious tradition to modern requirements. The second part of the book explores perspectives on contemporary Islam, the legacy of classical reformism and new paths forward. It suggests that the fundamentalism embodied in Wahhabism and Muslim Brotherhood has failed. Traditional Islam no longer attracts either youth or the elites. Mohamed Haddad shows how this paves the way for a new reformist departure that synthesizes modernism and core Islamic values.
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Image Analysis and Recognition, ICIAR 2007, held in Montreal, Canada, in August 2007. The 71 revised full papers and 44 revised poster papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 261 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on image restoration and enhancement, image and video processing and analysis, image segmentation, computer vision, pattern recognition for image analysis, shape and matching, motion analysis, tracking, image retrieval and indexing, image and video coding and encryption, biometrics, biomedical image analysis, and applications.
Mammalian Toxicology surveys chemical agents and examines how such chemicals impact on human health, emphasizing the importance in minimizing environmental exposure to chemical and physical hazards in our homes, communities and workplaces through such media as contaminated water, soil and air. Starting with the basic principles on a wide range of toxic agents, this textbook describes how they enter the body, their mechanisms of action once inside, and strategies for diagnosis, prevention and treatment. Topics covered include: General principles of toxicology: pharmacological and toxicological principles underpinning the study of toxicology, risk assessments and mechanisms of cell death Disposition: routes of chemical exposures, entry into the body and various tissues, storage, metabolic biotransformation and elimination, with examples from various toxicants. Toxic agents: the occurrences, disposition in the body, health effects, toxic mechanisms, antidotes and treatments of a range of agents including pesticides, metals, solvents, gases, nanomaterials, food components and additives, pharmaceuticals, drugs of abuse, natural toxins, endocrine disruptors, radiation, and warfare weapons. Toxic effects: including neurotoxicity, developmental toxicity, immunotoxicity, teratogenecity, male and female reproductive toxicity, mutagenecity, carcinogenicity, pulmonary toxicity, cardiovascular toxicity, hepatotoxicity, gastrointestinal toxicity and cardiovascular toxicity Toxicology and society: epidemiological studies of chemical-induced diseases in human populations, and a vision for toxicology in the 21st century. Mammalian Toxicology is an essential primer for students of toxicology, biochemistry, biology, medicine and chemistry. It is also appropriate for professional toxicologists in research or regulatory affairs, and anyone who needs to understand the adverse effects of toxic agents on the human body.
Doctoral Thesis / Dissertation from the year 2008 in the subject Medicine - Neoplasms, Oncology, grade: 1.00, , language: English, abstract: Centrally arising squamous cell carcinoma of the airway is thought to develop through multiple stages from squamous metaplasia to dysplasia, followed by carcinoma in situ (CIS), progressing to invasive cancer. It would be ideal to be able to detect and treat preinvasive bronchial lesions before progressing to invasive cancer. Advances in early diagnostic and treatment options have the potential to manage LC while still in an intraepithelial and/or microinvasive stage. WLB is one of the most commonly used diagnostic tools for LC. However, WLB is limited in its ability to detect small intraepithelial and microinvasive preinvasive lesions.AFB was developed to address this limitation by WLB. Indications for AFI examination; (1) Patients with known or suspected LC (2) Patients with abnormal sputum cytology (3) Patients after curative surgery for stage I LC(4) Current or former smokers with symptoms. A total of 74.7% patients had abnormal sputum cytology, 14.3% had known or suspected LC. All patients underwent conventional WLB followed by AFI examination; using the AFI device. Bronchoscopic-guided biopsy specimens were obtained. Sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy of WLB versus that of AFI, were 58.3% Vs 88.9%; 46.7% Vs 71.9%; and 53.0% Vs 80.9%. with a very high significant difference (p value
This book examines the corrosion of reinforced concrete from a practical point of view, highlights protective design and repair procedures, and presents ongoing maintenance protocols. Updated throughout, this new edition adds additional information on concrete repair using Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers (CFRP), and reviews new examples of the effects of corrosion on both prestressed and reinforced concrete structures. It also examines economic analysis procedures and the probability of structural failures to define structural risk assessment, and covers precautions and recommendations for protecting reinforced concrete structures from corrosion based on the latest codes and specifications.
Neurotoxicology provides a thorough understanding of neurotoxicology through its integration of multilateral ideas covering several disciplines, including chemistry, biochemistry, anatomy, physiology, and pathology. It discusses neurotoxic agents, describes the methods for studying neurotoxic actions, covers factors affecting neurotoxicity, and inc
Razad and Bandar engaged in a series of emails which reflected their thoughts they called Our random thoughts. The thoughts culminated in their marriage and eventually in a divorce. The thoughts mainly conducted by emails and in few occasions face to face encounter, and also reflected during the short time, when he was under the same roof with her and her mother. The story is real though the names of the characters are fictitious.
Seminar paper from the year 2020 in the subject Speech Science / Linguistics, grade: A, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, language: English, abstract: The main issue to be examined is the influence of technology and innovation in ASL in Dubai. Faryadi (2007) examined interactive media's role in teaching the Arabic language and discovered that the integration of technology allows instructors to improve their lessons based on achieving effectiveness and creativity in knowledge transfer. Learners are easily persuaded to reason and think critically in the classrooms through interactive media. Arabic as a second language (ASL) is an upcoming social exploration area in Dubai and the larger UAE. However, there is insufficient literature on the subject. Teaching and learning ASL is the subject of increasing controversy. Amara (2017) states that Arabic is the official language in the UAE; however, the majority of the population speaks English because UAE was a British colony until 1971. Given that the UAE is one of the Arab countries, the Arabic language is one of the national curriculum's key subjects apart from Social Studies and Islamic Education. According to AlHagbani, and Khan (2016), over the last few years, there has been the increased significance of teaching the Arabic language for non-Arabic speakers in the UAE with the main objectives being: to develop an awareness of learners about relationships between the Arabic language and Arabic or Islamic culture, enhance awareness of the need for the Arabic language across the world and improve both oral and written communication skills to strengthen the process of obtaining informational literacy level. One divide argued that Arabic was a dying language in the Middle East in the face of the globalized English language, according to Sabbah (2016). Different studies indicate that the other controversial divisions argued that the Arabic language was a growing language in the UAE.
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