Invexity and Optimization presents results on invex function and their properties in smooth and nonsmooth cases, pseudolinearity and eta-pseudolinearity. Results on optimality and duality for a nonlinear scalar programming problem are presented, second and higher order duality results are given for a nonlinear scalar programming problem, and saddle point results are also presented. Invexity in multiobjective programming problems and Kuhn-Tucker optimality conditions are given for a multiobjecive programming problem, Wolfe and Mond-Weir type dual models are given for a multiobjective programming problem and usual duality results are presented in presence of invex functions. Continuous-time multiobjective problems are also discussed. Quadratic and fractional programming problems are given for invex functions. Symmetric duality results are also given for scalar and vector cases.
This Third Edition, in response to the enthusiastic reception given by academia and students to the previous edition, offers a cohesive presentation of all aspects of theoretical computer science, namely automata, formal languages, computability, and complexity. Besides, it includes coverage of mathematical preliminaries. NEW TO THIS EDITION • Expanded sections on pigeonhole principle and the principle of induction (both in Chapter 2) • A rigorous proof of Kleene’s theorem (Chapter 5) • Major changes in the chapter on Turing machines (TMs) – A new section on high-level description of TMs – Techniques for the construction of TMs – Multitape TM and nondeterministic TM • A new chapter (Chapter 10) on decidability and recursively enumerable languages • A new chapter (Chapter 12) on complexity theory and NP-complete problems • A section on quantum computation in Chapter 12. • KEY FEATURES • Objective-type questions in each chapter—with answers provided at the end of the book. • Eighty-three additional solved examples—added as Supplementary Examples in each chapter. • Detailed solutions at the end of the book to chapter-end exercises. The book is designed to meet the needs of the undergraduate and postgraduate students of computer science and engineering as well as those of the students offering courses in computer applications.
Designed for both undergraduate and postgraduate students of mechanical, aerospace, chemical and metallurgical engineering, this compact and well-knitted textbook provides a sound conceptual basis in fundamentals of combustion processes, highlighting the basic principles of natural laws. In the initial part of the book, chemical thermodynamics, kinetics, and conservation equations are reviewed extensively with a view to preparing students to assimilate quickly intricate aspects of combustion covered in later chapters. Subsequently, the book provides extensive treatments of ‘pre-mixed laminar flame’, and ‘gaseous diffusion flame’, emphasizing the practical aspects of these flames. Besides, liquid droplet combustion under quiescent and convective environment is covered in the book. Simplified analysis of spray combustion is carried out which can be used as a design tool. An extensive treatment on the solid fuel combustion is also included. Emission combustion systems, and how to control emission from them using the latest techniques, constitute the subject matter of the final chapter. Appropriate examples are provided throughout to foster better understanding of the concepts discussed. Chapter-end review questions and problems are included to reinforce the learning process of students.
This textbook presents the concepts of engineering design process in proven steps of needs assessment, problem formulation, system modelling, analysis and implementation. It discusses in detail the concepts of system development, system modelling, system evaluation, system reliability, system simulation and presents the optimization techniques in a practical manner. The approach presented leads the students and practising engineers to understand and learn the design process and to develop the objective rationale for decision making in order to fulfil their professional role in society.
Comprehensive and student-friendly, this book covers the entire gamut of organisational behaviour with its emphasis on Indian cases and examples. The book includes a lucid exposition on corporate development.
This paper surveys the evidence on the effectiveness of monetary transmission in low-income countries. It is hard to come away from this review with much confidence in the strength of monetary transmission in such countries. We distinguish between the "facts on the ground" and "methodological deficiencies" interpretations of the absence of evidence for strong monetary transmission. We suspect that "facts on the ground" are an important part of the story. If this conjecture is correct, the stabilization challenge in developing countries is acute indeed, and identifying the means of enhancing the effectiveness of monetary policy in such countries is an important challenge.
Though psychology is a comparatively ‘younger’ subject as compared to allied subjects like Philosophy, Anthropology and Sociology, recent years have witnessed remarkable strides in its study. Indeed, writings on the subject have been both prodigious and prolific because of the enormous interest evinced by those interested in psychology and because human behaviour—both complex and simple—is such a fascinating subject for study and research. This accessible and student-friendly text shows the ‘what,’ ‘why’ and ‘how’ of human behaviour patterns. The text emphasizes controlled and systematic studies to explain such behavioural aspects as sensing, perceiving, modifications of human behaviour, memorizing, the recollection of past events, and affecting processes. The text is interspersed with many examples to illustrate the concepts discussed. The concepts are well-supported with experimental as well as observational facts. What’s more, the book acquaints the reader with the recent advances in the field of psychology. KEY FEATURES Liberal use of examples to give a clear idea of the concept discussed. Step-by-step analysis of various psychological facts to facilitate better understanding of the subject. Presentation of new advances and discoveries in the field of various psychological processes. Glossary of terms besides chapter-end exercises and summaries. Primarily intended as a text for undergraduate students of psychology, the book can also be profitably used by postgraduate students and all those who have an abiding interest in the study of human behaviour.
Brings together all fundamental aspects and the latest advances in free radical vinyl polymerization, including powerful new techniques such as the initiation of radical vinyl polymerization by high-energy radiation, photoirradiation, nonmetal organic initiators, and transition metal initiators.
About the book The book is a practical guide providing a pragmatic analysis of labelling and advertising aspects of the Legal Metrology Act, 2009 and the related laws. It covers the concepts as provided by the law coupled with the jurisprudence developed through the judgments of the Supreme Court as well as the High Courts under the present and erstwhile law relating to weights and measures. The book strives to act as a guide on the practical difficulties in application of the law and proactive measures which may be taken to ensure due compliances in terms of the Legal Metrology Law in India. The book will be of immense use for in-house counsels looking after regulatory compliances in a company, directors and the personnel looking after the sales and logistics of a business, e-commerce companies dealing in sale of packaged commodities, advocates and law students. Key features ? Analysis of structure and application of Legal Metrology Law on packages, advertisements and other modes of communication. ? Elaborate discussion on concepts of pre-packaged commodities, Industrial/institutional consumers, retail and wholesale packages, kits, multipurpose packages, transportation boxes etc. ? Covers disclosures to be made on different type of packages, time of declaration on imported and indigenous packages, format for printing of labels and practical difficulties faced at factory as well as dealership level. ? Understanding liability of company personnel, directors, e-commerce companies etc. on violation of the provisions of the Act. ? Guidance on general areas of focus of legal metrology authorities while making investigation/enquiry on business and litigation management thereafter. ? Conceptual guide aimed at a wide array of readers such as advocates, chartered accountants, in-house legal officers and law students. ? Ready reference table on common mistakes and best business practices along with sample labels. ? Contains upto-date relevant Acts and Rules related to labelling and advertising under Legal Metrology.
Fibre Structure states that each and every fibre from their manufacturing (man-made fibres) or during development (natural fibres) creates and develops its own and specialized structure. It might be the chemical structure, crystalline structure, amorphous structure and/or morphology. This structure can be modified during processing. The structure equally influences the processing conditions as well as the properties of the fibre. With this background, the present book deals with different fibres and their structures. Different aspects of structure are dealt separately in a concise and compact manner. This will serve as a reference for researchers, technologists as well as professionals as a reference book to know about the structure of different fibres and their measurement.
The Soil Conservation Service (SCS) curve number (CN) method is one of the most popular methods for computing the runoff volume from a rainstorm. It is popular because it is simple, easy to understand and apply, and stable, and accounts for most of the runoff producing watershed characteristics, such as soil type, land use, hydrologic condition, and antecedent moisture condition. The SCS-CN method was originally developed for its use on small agricultural watersheds and has since been extended and applied to rural, forest and urban watersheds. Since the inception of the method, it has been applied to a wide range of environments. In recent years, the method has received much attention in the hydrologic literature. The SCS-CN method was first published in 1956 in Section-4 of the National Engineering Handbook of Soil Conservation Service (now called the Natural Resources Conservation Service), U. S. Department of Agriculture. The publication has since been revised several times. However, the contents of the methodology have been nonetheless more or less the same. Being an agency methodology, the method has not passed through the process of a peer review and is, in general, accepted in the form it exists. Despite several limitations of the method and even questionable credibility at times, it has been in continuous use for the simple reason that it works fairly well at the field level.
Human behaviour—both complex and simple—is such a fascinating subject for study and research, and therefore, psychology as a subject is of tremendous importance to the students and the researchers. This accessible and student-friendly text in its second edition, shows the ‘what,’ ‘why’ and ‘how’ of human behaviour patterns. The text emphasizes controlled and systematic studies to explain such behavioural aspects as sensing, perceiving, modifications of human behaviour, memorizing, the recollection of past events, and affecting processes. The text is interspersed with many examples to illustrate the concepts discussed. The concepts are well-supported with experimental as well as observational facts. What’s more, the book acquaints the reader with the recent advances in the field of psychology.
The encyclopaedia highlights the South Asian country of India with its varied ramifications. As a rich country with all its diversity, it has played a significant role in world affairs for more than two thousand years. India is the most populous country in the world, and its economy is growing rapidly. It is marching ahead in science and technology. In the hundredth anniversary of its independence in 2047, it aspires to become a developed nation. One should be aware of this country in this globalized world. It is not only fascinating but also knowledge-enhancing. The encyclopaedia holds importance due to several reasons: information on a vast range of subjects, scientific methodology, accuracy, and reliability. It could be used as a starting point for further research. The book will be useful for general readers, serious researchers, graduate students, and academics.
The book “Practical Pharmaceutics” is inimitable which tries to meet almost all the demands of the students required during practical courses. Practical Pharmaceutics has been assisted with the basics of Pharmaceutics which can be applied in Formulation and Development of Pharmaceutical dosage form. The major objective of this book is to present the information in a lucid language, simple way of presentation, concise, point wise information to fulfill the requirement of students as per regulation. So, this book is therefore useful to the Post Graduate student in Pharmacy. We sincerely hope that the practical content of this book will help the student
Remote working is a developing idea that many organizations are embracing, especially in light of COVID-19 and the rise in demand for remote and hybrid roles. As there is no standard model to use for implementation, a number of problems and difficulties develop as popularity increases and hybrid working environments become normalized. This book presents the views, opinions, and reality of remote work and creating an appropriate internal marketing culture in a remote environment. The key topics explored are the significance of remote work, remote work practice, reshaping the work environment, designing remote work, models of remote work, challenges of remote work facing business organizations, remote work management, innovations and technology, the role of motivation and satisfaction in organizational development, employee empowerment in a remote setting, transparency and commitment for sustainable development, and the future of remote work. This research volume will be of value to researchers, academicians, practitioners, and students in the fields of human resource management, organizational studies, and innovation management.
This book covers state-of-the art techniques for high-level modeling and validation of complex hardware/software systems, including those with multicore architectures. Readers will learn to avoid time-consuming and error-prone validation from the comprehensive coverage of system-level validation, including high-level modeling of designs and faults, automated generation of directed tests, and efficient validation methodology using directed tests and assertions. The methodologies described in this book will help designers to improve the quality of their validation, performing as much validation as possible in the early stages of the design, while reducing the overall validation effort and cost.
This volume serves as an update in emerging areas of radiobiology and advanced medical science. Each chapter is written by experts and specialists with a view to provide an and in-depth account of biomedical research based on developing technologies in therapy and diagnosis. Readers will find of a balanced coverage of some specialized and frontline topics including new dimensions of nuclear techniques in biomedicine. A significant portion of this monograph provides an engaging and concise overview of emerging scenario of radiation biology and new challenges. Several topics related to human health sciences are comprehensively covered including oxidative stress in health and disease, radiation response of oncogenes, novel strategies to unravel the cell signaling mysteries, fluorescent probes as diagnostic tools, new vistas in nuclear medicine and a highlight of trends in EMR methods in medicine and life science.
This book details the development of textile products and deals with different aspects of fabric structure and textile design. It covers topics essential to understanding textile fabrics – such as intertwined and non-woven fabrics, pique design, mosaic knitting, and spot designs. The subject matter of this book also includes: Properties of plain, twill and satin weave Types of jacquard Tubular fabrics Two-bar fabric structure Color effect on twill weaves Print edition not for sale in South Asia (India, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bangladesh, Pakistan or Bhutan)
Algorithmic Algebra studies some of the main algorithmic tools of computer algebra, covering such topics as Gröbner bases, characteristic sets, resultants and semialgebraic sets. The main purpose of the book is to acquaint advanced undergraduate and graduate students in computer science, engineering and mathematics with the algorithmic ideas in computer algebra so that they could do research in computational algebra or understand the algorithms underlying many popular symbolic computational systems: Mathematica, Maple or Axiom, for instance. Also, researchers in robotics, solid modeling, computational geometry and automated theorem proving community may find it useful as symbolic algebraic techniques have begun to play an important role in these areas. The book, while being self-contained, is written at an advanced level and deals with the subject at an appropriate depth. The book is accessible to computer science students with no previous algebraic training. Some mathematical readers, on the other hand, may find it interesting to see how algorithmic constructions have been used to provide fresh proofs for some classical theorems. The book also contains a large number of exercises with solutions to selected exercises, thus making it ideal as a textbook or for self-study.
Lecture Notes in Calculus has grown out of the experience of the author in teaching the course over the years. The introductory text provides undergraduate students with a concise and practical introduction to the primary concepts and techniques of Calculus. With a strong emphasis on basic concepts and techniques throughout, it explains the theory behind each technique as simply as possible, alongwith illustrative examples and real life applications.
Synthesizing the raw data needed for a wide variety of industrial applications, this work supplies up-to-date advanced in research on star, hyperbranched and dendritic polymers. It provides detailed descriptions of the size and shape of the molecules that make up these polymers, as well as their biological advances, low viscosity in solution and substrate-holding properties.
The book provides thorough information about bacteria and bacterial plant diseases. It covers, history, structure, classification, special DNA characteristics and special activities of bacteria. Major important plant pathogenic bacteria and their plant diseases are also discussed. The book illustrates the information explicit through 59 figures, one major classification table and two small tables. At the end of the book several references are given for further study. Contents: Introduction, The Structure of Bacteria, Classification of Bacteria, Special DNA Characteristics of Bacteria, Special Activities of Bacteria, Bacterial Diseases in Plants.
This edited book on Research Methodology is tailored for postgraduate studies in Social and Behavioral Sciences, designed to benefit research scholars across universities, colleges, and research institutes in related disciplines. Emphasizing the value of formative assessment, we view it as a pivotal tool to aid and empower students in their learning journeys. In fields like sociology, political science, library science, home science, education, and management, research methods and procedures exhibit notable similarities, particularly in areas involving researcher-led interviews with people. Agricultural extension research methods represent a significant non-formal educational system globally, focused on transferring knowledge and research outcomes to farmers, alongside potential services for farm families, rural youth, and the development of rural community resources. The perspective on agricultural development has evolved significantly, coinciding with reduced governmental involvement in many societies and the increased roles of private enterprise and non-governmental organizations. Economic liberalization has opened new doors for farmers but has also heightened competition, making it challenging to predict future trends and provide definitive guidance to farmers. Addressing agricultural and rural development challenges in developing countries necessitates a sufficient number of well-trained and skilled professionals. Effective problem-solving for farmers relies on extension workers and agricultural graduates possessing broad knowledge of extension teaching methods and technologies. This book consolidates comprehensive information on research methods in extension education to support practitioners in the field.
Fulfilling the need for a classical approach, Experimental Combustion: An Introduction begins with an overview of the key aspects of combustion-including chemical kinetics, premixed flame, diffusion flame, and liquid droplet combustion-followed by a discussion of the general elements of measurement systems and data acquisition and analysis. In addi
This book provides in-depth knowledge in the areas of convergence of cloud-IoT technologies and industry 4.0 with society 5.0, machine-to-machine communication, machine-to-person communication, techno-psychological perspective of society 5.0, sentiment analysis of smart digital societies, multi-access edge computing for 5G networks, discovery & location reporting of multi-access edge enabled clients/servers, m-health systems, enhancing the concert of M-health technologies in smart societies, supervising communication services in smart societies, life quality enhancement in smart city societies, multiple disease infection predictions, and societal opinion mining algorithms for smart cities societies using cloud-IoT integrated intelligent machine / deep learning technologies to the readers in the distributive environment. In this book, the authors have mandatorily discussed the implementation of cloud-IoT based machine learning technologies like clustering technique, Naïve Bayes classifier, artificial neural network (ANN), Firefly algorithm, Rough set classifiers, support vector machine classifier, decision tree classifier, ensemble classifier, random forest, and deep learning algorithms to analyze the behavior of intelligent machines and human habits using automated data scheduling and smart digital networks. At present, we live in a self-motivated and dynamic global society where technologies and challenges are unexpectedly changing overnight. These rapid changes in globalization and technological advances are creating new market forces every day. Therefore, day-to-day innovation is essential for any business or institution to survive and flourish in such an atmosphere. Though, innovation is no longer just to create value to do good to individuals, societies, or organizations. The utmost purpose of innovation is to create a smart futuristic society where people can enjoy the best quality of life using natural resources and manmade technologies including cloud-IoT technologies, and industry 4.0. Hence, the innovators and their innovations must search for intelligent solutions to tackle major socio-technical problems and remove barriers of rural, urban and smart city societies. The smart digitization and intelligent implementation of manufacturing development processes are the necessities for today’s rural, urban, and smart city industries. All types of industries including development, manufacturing, and research are presently shifting from bunch production to customized production. The fast advancements in manufacturing technologies have an in-depth impact on all types of societies including societies of rural areas, urban areas, and smart cities. Industry 4.0 includes the Internet of Things (IoT), Industrial Internet, Smart Manufacturing, Cloud-based computing, and Manufacturing Technologies. The objective of this book is to establish linkage between the Industry 4.0 components and various rural, urban & smart city societies (including society 5.0) to bring actual prosperity where human values, peace of mind, human relations, man-machine-relations, and calmness will have utmost preference. These objectives can be achieved by the integration of human societal values, and social opinion mining (SOM) approaches with the existing technologies.
In this book, the author addresses technologies that are being used in emerging cellular markets. These include GSM/EGPRS and CDMA which are being deployed at a rapid pace, while technologies such as UMTS (3G)/ HSPA (3.5G) which have started to find a place in these high growth markets, are also considered. The book examines other technologies including LTE (3.9G) which have already moved out of research labs into the commercial world. 2G-CDMA is widely used, while further developments, e.g. CDMA2000 are also finding acceptance in the commercial arena. IMS/Convergence is increasingly popular all over the world; UMA, which is deployed mostly in North America; and DVB which is gaining worldwide popularity, especially in South Asia, are all reviewed. Each chapter discusses a different technology and is structured into three parts. The technology is examined at an overview level, first explaining what the technology is and then considering the technical features of the technology. The chapter concludes by looking at the planning/implementation aspects of the technology. Key Features: Useful for all cellular industry professionals as provides an overview of the currently deployed technologies in mass scale, and the forthcoming technologies that are expected to make an impact in the future, such as 4th Generation Cellular Networks. One of the first books on the market to encompass all the major cellular technologies, as well as considering the design and implementation perspective. Wireless Technology will play a key role in uplifting the economies of the Emerging countries globally. Ashok Chandra, Wireless Advisor to Govt. of India
Indian Financial System | Regulatory Aspects Of Banking | Indian Banking System | Banking Structure And Apex Banks | Commercial Banks | Cooperative Banking | Regional Rural Banks | Central Banking | Reserve Bank Of India | State Bank Of India | Deposit Mobilisation Of Banks | Deposit Mobilisation Of Banks | Special Types Of Bank Customers | Bankers Customer Relationship | Negotiable Instrument | Negotiation And Parties To Negotiable | Issue And Negotiation Of Cheques | Payment Of Cheques | Collection Of Cheques | Loans And Advances | Modes Of Creating Charge | Types Of Securities | Purchasing And Discounting Of Bills | Non-Fund Facilities | Contracts And Indeminitiues And Guarantees | Business Credit | Documentation And Advancing Loans | Follow Up And Supervision Of Credit | Understanding Financial Statements | Payment Systems In India | Parabanking Services Of Banks | Prioroty Sector Lending | Micro Finance And Commercial Banks | Financing Agriculture | Financiang Foreign Trade
This book is an ideal reference text for teaching renewable energy to engineering and science students, as well as a reference book for scientists and professionals doing self study on the subject. The book has twelve chapters and starts with the definition and classification of renewable and non renewable energy and their status at global level. This chapter also contains the basic heat transfer mechanisms and laws of thermodynamics. It then deals with availability of solar radiation at different latitudes and energy and exergy analysis of flat plate collector, solar air collector, solar concentrator, evacuated tube collector, solar water heating system, solar distillation and solar cooker. The following chapter discusses the basics of semiconductor, its characteristics, working, characteristics of solar cell in dark and daylight situation, fundamentals of characteristic curves of semiconductor, fundamentals of PV module and array and some PVT systems. Detailed discussion on biomass, bio-fuels and biogas and their applications and the power produced by them, namely bio-power, is covered in the following chapters. Other renewable energy sources like hydropower, wind and geothermal are then covered as well as a chapter dealing with the working principle, basic theory and the capability to produce power from ocean thermal, tidal, wave and animal energy conversion systems. Subsequently, net CO2 mitigation, carbon credit, climate change and environmental impacts of all renewable energy resources are all covered followed by a discussion on the techno-economic feasibility of any energy sources as the backbone of its success and hence energy and economic analysis. The chapters deal the overall exergy of renewable energy sources by using the thermal and mechanical power and electrical energy as output. SI units are used throughout the book in solving various exercises in each chapter and conversion units of various physical and chemical parameters of metals and non-metals are also given in appendices.
Pseudolinear Functions and Optimization is the first book to focus exclusively on pseudolinear functions, a class of generalized convex functions. It discusses the properties, characterizations, and applications of pseudolinear functions in nonlinear optimization problems.The book describes the characterizations of solution sets of various optimiza
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