Describes and illustrates the full range of Dutch resistance groups and German and collaborationist counter-resistance groups during the Nazi occupation in 1940-45. The Nazi occupation of the Netherlands was a complex, varied and bloody affair. Well- documented is the initial capture by the Gestapo of a secret Dutch Special Operations Executive radio-operator who thereafter lured several parachuted agents to their deaths, but, the actual scope and complexity of the occupation was much greater than this. Large-scale civil resistance against the occupation began as early as February 1941, and 1943 saw assassinations, reprisals, and the development of various resistance groups – the LKP National Assault Teams and some 'wild' armed groups: the left wing RzV and the conservative OD. In addition, several overlapping Dutch organizations amalgamated in September 1944 into the NBS: 'Netherlands Interior Forces'. In return, the Germans created the collaborationist Landwacht security force. From the start of September 1944, when Allied armies liberated the southern provinces of North Brabant and Limburg, NBS "shocktroop" units were uniformed and armed by both the British and US armies and assisted their further advance, while a bloody underground struggle continued in the still occupied North until final liberation in April 1945. The Dutch authors of this title are long-time researchers of the subject, with family connections to Resistance veterans, a large library of hitherto untranslated local sources, and support from several museums and private photo collections to fully document the groups and fighting involved. Using detailed color illustrations of troops and fighters, this volume provides a comprehensive and in-depth account of one of the lesser-known occupations of WWII.
Describes and illustrates the full range of Dutch resistance groups and German and collaborationist counter-resistance groups during the Nazi occupation in 1940-45. The Nazi occupation of the Netherlands in World War II followed a complex course, whose scope is not widely understood. It was a great deal broader and more varied than the much-reported German counter-espionage success against Dutch agents parachuted in by the Special Operations Executive. From spring 1943 onwards, three Dutch Resistance organizations gained momentum: the Order Service (OD), the Resistance Council (RVV), and the National Assault Teams (LKP). In response, the Germans raised collaborationist forces to counter the Resistance, including the much-feared Landwacht. In September 1944 the OD, RVV and LKP amalgamated into the Netherlands Interior Forces (NBS), while Allied troops began to liberate the southern provinces. This allowed NBS forces in the south to form Stoottroepen, uniformed and armed by both the British and US armies. These assisted the Allied advance, while a bloody underground struggle continued in the occupied north until final liberation in April–May 1945. Illustrated with rare photos and new colour plates, this book gives a comprehensive account of one of the lesser-known struggles of World War II.
Avec Frêle bruit, Michel Leiris clôt La règle du jeu. Il a consacré trente-cinq ans à la rédaction d'un ouvrage dont le premier propos est de lier des données tirées de sa vie intime. Ce chercheur obstiné à se regarder lui-même peut affirmer qu'il voulait procéder, pour l'usage de quelques autres autant que pour le sien, à une mise en lumière aussi poussée que possible, à partir de l'échantillon humain qu'il est. Et ce n'est pas seulement par goût mais jugeant qu'en l'espèce l'investigation rationnelle ne pouvait faire plus qu'écarter des ombres que, sans vergogne, il a laissé la poésie primer l'enchaînement logique. Dans ce livre-ci, construit presque musicalement, se mêlent donc à des souvenirs proches ou lointains, et à des idées soit anciennes soit venues chemin faisant, des tentatives plus ou moins expresses d'arriver à des moments de transparence en manipulant le langage pris en soi plus que comme instrument d'un commerce. Aspiration au merveilleux, volonté d'engagement dans la lutte contre les iniquités sociales, désir d'universalisme qui l'a porté à des contacts directs avec des cultures autres que la sienne, telles sont les couleurs qui semblent dominer dans le jeu de cet écrivain, amené par sa conscience aigüe de la marche du temps à essayer maints moyens de conjurer l'horreur dont l'a empli très tôt la perspective de son anéantissement.
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