This updated and revised second edition of the leading reference volume on distance metrics includes a wealth of new material that reflects advances in a developing field now regarded as an essential tool in many areas of pure and applied mathematics. Its publication coincides with intensifying research efforts into metric spaces and especially distance design for applications. Accurate metrics have become a crucial goal in computational biology, image analysis, speech recognition and information retrieval. The content focuses on providing academics with an invaluable comprehensive listing of the main available distances. As well as standalone introductions and definitions, the encyclopedia facilitates swift cross-referencing with easily navigable bold-faced textual links to core entries, and includes a wealth of fascinating curiosities that enable non-specialists to deploy research tools previously viewed as arcane. Its value-added context is certain to open novel avenues of research.
Cuts and metrics are well-known objects that arise - independently, but with many deep and fascinating connections - in diverse fields: in graph theory, combinatorial optimization, geometry of numbers, combinatorial matrix theory, statistical physics, VLSI design etc. This book presents a wealth of results, from different mathematical disciplines, in a unified comprehensive manner, and establishes new and old links, which cannot be found elsewhere. It provides a unique and invaluable source for researchers and graduate students. From the Reviews: "This book is definitely a milestone in the literature of integer programming and combinatorial optimization. It draws from the Interdisciplinarity of these fields [...]. With knowledge about the relevant terms, one can enjoy special subsections without being entirely familiar with the rest of the chapter. This makes it not only an interesting research book but even a dictionary. [...] The longer one works with it, the more beautiful it becomes." Optima 56, 1997.
This book introduces oriented version of metrics and cuts and their multidimensional analogues, as well as partial metrics and weighted metrics. It is a follow-up of Geometry of Cuts and Metrics by Deza and Laurent which presents rich theory of classical binary and symmetric objects — metrics and cuts.Many research publications on this subject are devoted to different special aspects of the theory of generalized metrics. However, they are disconnected one from other, often written in different mathematical language, consider the same objects from different points of view without analysis of possible connections, etc. In this book we will construct full theory of main classes of finite generalized metrics and their polyhedral aspects.
This monograph identifies polytopes that are “combinatorially ℓ1-embeddable”, within interesting lists of polytopal graphs, i.e. such that corresponding polytopes are either prominent mathematically (regular partitions, root lattices, uniform polytopes and so on), or applicable in chemistry (fullerenes, polycycles, etc.). The embeddability, if any, provides applications to chemical graphs and, in the first case, it gives new combinatorial perspective to “ℓ2-prominent” affine polytopal objects.The lists of polytopal graphs in the book come from broad areas of geometry, crystallography and graph theory. The book concentrates on such concise and, as much as possible, independent definitions. The scale-isometric embeddability — the main unifying question, to which those lists are subjected — is presented with the minimum of technicalities.
The central theme of the present book is zigzags and central-circuits of three- or four-regular plane graphs, which allow a double covering or covering of the edgeset to be obtained. The book presents zigzag and central circuit structures of geometric fullerenes and several other classes of graph of interest in the fields of chemistry and mathematics. It also discusses the symmetries, parameterization and the Goldberg–Coxeter construction for those graphs. It is the first book on this subject, presenting full structure theory of such graphs. While many previous publications only addressed particular questions about selected graphs, this book is based on numerous computations and presents extensive data (tables and figures), as well as algorithmic and computational information. It will be of interest to researchers and students of discrete geometry, mathematical chemistry and combinatorics, as well as to lay mathematicians.
This book comes out of need and urgency (expressed especially in areas of Information Retrieval with respect to Image, Audio, Internet and Biology) to have a working tool to compare data. The book will provide powerful resource for all researchers using Mathematics as well as for mathematicians themselves. In the time when over-specialization and terminology fences isolate researchers, this Dictionary try to be "centripedal" and "oikoumeni", providing some access and altitude of vision but without taking the route of scientific vulgarisation. This attempted balance is the main philosophy of this Dictionary which defined its structure and style. Key features: - Unicity: it is the first book treating the basic notion of Distance in whole generality. - Interdisciplinarity: this Dictionary is larger in scope than majority of thematic dictionaries. - Encyclopedicity: while an Encyclopedia of Distances seems now too difficult to produce, this book (by its scope, short introductions and organization) provides the main material for it and for future tutorials on some parts of this material. - Applicability: the distances, as well as distance-related notions and paradigms, are provided in ready-to-use fashion. - Worthiness: the need and urgency for such dictionary was great in several huge areas, esp. Information Retrieval, Image Analysis, Speech Recognition and Biology. - Accessibility: the definitions are easy to locate by subject or, in Index, by alphabetic order; the introductions and definitions are reader-friendly and maximally independent one from another; still the text is structured, in the 3D HTML style, by hyperlink-like boldfaced references to similar definitions. * Covers a large range of subjects in pure and applied mathematics * Designed to be easily applied--the distances and distance-related notions and paradigms are ready to use * Helps users quickly locate definitions by subject or in alphabetical order; stand-alone entries include references to other entries and sources for further investigation
Figurate numbers have a rich history with many applications. The main purpose of this book is to provide a thorough and complete presentation of the theory of figurate numbers, giving much of their properties, facts and theorems with full proofs. This book is the first of this topic written in unified systematic way. It also contains many exercises with solutions.
This updated and revised second edition of the leading reference volume on distance metrics includes a wealth of new material that reflects advances in a developing field now regarded as an essential tool in many areas of pure and applied mathematics. Its publication coincides with intensifying research efforts into metric spaces and especially distance design for applications. Accurate metrics have become a crucial goal in computational biology, image analysis, speech recognition and information retrieval. The content focuses on providing academics with an invaluable comprehensive listing of the main available distances. As well as standalone introductions and definitions, the encyclopedia facilitates swift cross-referencing with easily navigable bold-faced textual links to core entries, and includes a wealth of fascinating curiosities that enable non-specialists to deploy research tools previously viewed as arcane. Its value-added context is certain to open novel avenues of research.
Cuts and metrics are well-known objects that arise - independently, but with many deep and fascinating connections - in diverse fields: in graph theory, combinatorial optimization, geometry of numbers, combinatorial matrix theory, statistical physics, VLSI design etc. This book presents a wealth of results, from different mathematical disciplines, in a unified comprehensive manner, and establishes new and old links, which cannot be found elsewhere. It provides a unique and invaluable source for researchers and graduate students. From the Reviews: "This book is definitely a milestone in the literature of integer programming and combinatorial optimization. It draws from the Interdisciplinarity of these fields [...]. With knowledge about the relevant terms, one can enjoy special subsections without being entirely familiar with the rest of the chapter. This makes it not only an interesting research book but even a dictionary. [...] The longer one works with it, the more beautiful it becomes." Optima 56, 1997.
This book comes out of need and urgency (expressed especially in areas of Information Retrieval with respect to Image, Audio, Internet and Biology) to have a working tool to compare data. The book will provide powerful resource for all researchers using Mathematics as well as for mathematicians themselves. In the time when over-specialization and terminology fences isolate researchers, this Dictionary try to be "centripedal" and "oikoumeni", providing some access and altitude of vision but without taking the route of scientific vulgarisation. This attempted balance is the main philosophy of this Dictionary which defined its structure and style. Key features: - Unicity: it is the first book treating the basic notion of Distance in whole generality. - Interdisciplinarity: this Dictionary is larger in scope than majority of thematic dictionaries. - Encyclopedicity: while an Encyclopedia of Distances seems now too difficult to produce, this book (by its scope, short introductions and organization) provides the main material for it and for future tutorials on some parts of this material. - Applicability: the distances, as well as distance-related notions and paradigms, are provided in ready-to-use fashion. - Worthiness: the need and urgency for such dictionary was great in several huge areas, esp. Information Retrieval, Image Analysis, Speech Recognition and Biology. - Accessibility: the definitions are easy to locate by subject or, in Index, by alphabetic order; the introductions and definitions are reader-friendly and maximally independent one from another; still the text is structured, in the 3D HTML style, by hyperlink-like boldfaced references to similar definitions. * Covers a large range of subjects in pure and applied mathematics * Designed to be easily applied--the distances and distance-related notions and paradigms are ready to use * Helps users quickly locate definitions by subject or in alphabetical order; stand-alone entries include references to other entries and sources for further investigation
This book introduces oriented version of metrics and cuts and their multidimensional analogues, as well as partial metrics and weighted metrics. It is a follow-up of Geometry of Cuts and Metrics by Deza and Laurent which presents rich theory of classical binary and symmetric objects — metrics and cuts.Many research publications on this subject are devoted to different special aspects of the theory of generalized metrics. However, they are disconnected one from other, often written in different mathematical language, consider the same objects from different points of view without analysis of possible connections, etc. In this book we will construct full theory of main classes of finite generalized metrics and their polyhedral aspects.
The central theme of the present book is zigzags and central-circuits of three- or four-regular plane graphs, which allow a double covering or covering of the edgeset to be obtained. The book presents zigzag and central circuit structures of geometric fullerenes and several other classes of graph of interest in the fields of chemistry and mathematics. It also discusses the symmetries, parameterization and the Goldberg–Coxeter construction for those graphs. It is the first book on this subject, presenting full structure theory of such graphs. While many previous publications only addressed particular questions about selected graphs, this book is based on numerous computations and presents extensive data (tables and figures), as well as algorithmic and computational information. It will be of interest to researchers and students of discrete geometry, mathematical chemistry and combinatorics, as well as to lay mathematicians.
Figurate numbers have a rich history with many applications. The main purpose of this book is to provide a thorough and complete presentation of the theory of figurate numbers, giving much of their properties, facts and theorems with full proofs. This book is the first of this topic written in unified systematic way. It also contains many exercises with solutions.
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