The characterization of combinatorial or geometric structures in terms of their groups of automorphisms has attracted considerable interest in the last decades and is now commonly viewed as a natural generalization of Felix Klein’s Erlangen program(1872).Inaddition,especiallyfor?nitestructures,importantapplications to practical topics such as design theory, coding theory and cryptography have made the ?eld even more attractive. The subject matter of this research monograph is the study and class- cation of ?ag-transitive Steiner designs, that is, combinatorial t-(v,k,1) designs which admit a group of automorphisms acting transitively on incident point-block pairs. As a consequence of the classi?cation of the ?nite simple groups, it has been possible in recent years to characterize Steiner t-designs, mainly for t=2,adm- ting groups of automorphisms with su?ciently strong symmetry properties. For Steiner 2-designs, arguably the most general results have been the classi?cation of all point 2-transitive Steiner 2-designs in 1985 by W. M. Kantor, and the almost complete determination of all ?ag-transitive Steiner 2-designs announced in 1990 byF.Buekenhout,A.Delandtsheer,J.Doyen,P.B.Kleidman,M.W.Liebeck, and J. Saxl. However, despite the classi?cation of the ?nite simple groups, for Steiner t-designs witht> 2 most of the characterizations of these types have remained long-standing challenging problems. Speci?cally, the determination of all ?- transitive Steiner t-designs with 3? t? 6 has been of particular interest and object of research for more than 40 years.
The Roman architect and engineer Vitruvius declared firmitas, utilitas, and venustas-firmness, commodity, and delight- to be the three essential attributes of architecture. These qualities are brilliantly explored in this book, which uniquely comprises both a detailed survey of Western architecture, including Pre-Columbian America, and an introduction to architecture from the Middle East, India, Russia, China, and Japan. The text encourages readers to examine closely the pragmatic, innovative, and aesthetic attributes of buildings, and to imagine how these would have been praised or criticized by contemporary observers. Artistic, economic, environmental, political, social, and technological contexts are discussed so as to determine the extent to which buildings met the needs of clients, society at large, and future generations.
This essay is offered particularly as a contribution to the relationship between theological and literary writings on the Holocaust. Franz Baermann Steiner’s (1909–1952) detailed sociological work – he taught at the Department of Social Anthropology at Oxford and developed a sociology of danger that strongly influenced Mary Douglas, T. W. Adorno, Iris Murdoch, H.G. Adler and Julia Kristeva – contrasts with Canetti’s emphasis on shock. Canetti’s response to the Holocaust constitutes, in Dominick LaCapra’s terms, an ‘acting out’ of trauma: a comparison between Canetti’s »Masse und Macht« and the anthropological texts he uses brings to the fore his bleak depicton of humanity. By contrast, Steiner – in comparison to Canetti – lays emphasis on ‘working through’ the Holocaust, that is to say, on overcoming the paralysis of trauma by reflecting critically on values that might transform a damaged society. However, Canetti’s depiction of humanity cannot entirely be seen in LaCapra’s notion of ‘acting out’: for through the shock of ‘acting out’, Canetti nonetheless wants to bring about a ‘working through’. Similarly, despite the ‘working through’ shock and trauma are dramatized in Steiner’s poetry and his aphoristic writings. Morever, Canetti thematizes an ethical impact on his readership in his aphorisms. In response to the Holocaust both writers advance a theory of power: what Steiner calls danger, Canetti attacks as death. Steiner’s and Canetti’s respective responses to the Holocaust consists in a critique of static ways of thought, affirming ‘metamorphosis’, and deconceptualized understanding of the world which connects linguistic fluidity to the everchanging contextualities of social and embodied life.
2018 Book Award Winner, The Gospel Coalition (Academic Theology) A Choice Outstanding Academic Title for 2019 Will all evil finally turn to good, or does some evil remain stubbornly opposed to God and God's goodness? Will even the devil be redeemed? Addressing a theological issue of perennial interest, this comprehensive book (in two volumes) surveys the history of Christian universalism from the second to the twenty-first century and offers an interpretation of how and why universalist belief arose. The author explores what the church has taught about universal salvation and hell and critiques universalism from a biblical, philosophical, and theological standpoint. He shows that the effort to extend grace to everyone undermines the principle of grace for anyone.
Combinatorial Designs for Authentication and Secrecy Codes is a succinct in-depth review and tutorial of a subject that promises to lead to major advances in computer and communication security. This monograph provides a tutorial on combinatorial designs, which gives an overview of the theory. Furthermore, the application of combinatorial designs to authentication and secrecy codes is described in depth. This close relationship of designs with cryptography and information security was first revealed in Shannon's seminal paper on secrecy systems. We bring together in one source foundational and current contributions concerning design-theoretic constructions and characterizations of authentication and secrecy codes.
The rapid growth of the electronic products market has created an increasing need for affordable, reliable, high-speed and high-density multi-layer printed circuit boards (PCBs). This book presents the technologies, algorithms, and methodologies for engineers and others developing the next generation of electronic products. A vision of the future in advanced electronics Advanced Routing of Electronic Modules provides both fundamental theory and advanced technologies for improving routing. Beginning chapters discuss approaches to approximate a minimum rectilinear Steiner tree from a minimum spanning tree and introduce ways to avoid obstacles for routing simple multi-terminal nets sequentially in a workspace. Timing delay, clock skew, and noise control requirements in signal integrity are described as well as computer-aided approaches to managing these requirements in high-speed PCB/MCM routing. Later chapters present the two-layer wiring problem, rip-up and reroute approaches, and parallel routing, including global routing, boundary crossing placement, and detailed maze routing in hardware acceleration. Data structures, data management, and algorithms for parallel routing in a multiple-processor hardware systems are also covered.
An examination of some of the canonical works of modern literature in English and German with regard to masculinity, relations between men, national identity and patriarchy. These were major preoccupations of male writers as they came to terms with or reacted against the decline of patriarchal authority. The book identifies five leitmotifs which serve to characterize the period between 1880 and 1930: the "double", the "other" (narcissus and Salome), the nationalization of Narcissus, Kampf or male bondage, and after patriarchy. Again and again one sees how men attempted to define themselves against what they imagined as "femininity", not merely outside but also within their selves, and further how men sought to overcome or find a socially acceptable expression for their narcissistic, homosexual and even sadomasochist libido.
It's Mike's birthday, he was given a bike. While enjoying the gift, he neglected his responsibilities, and he lost it. Will Mike ever get his bike back, is there anything he can do to convince his mom and dad he's responsible enough. Will they trust him again? See if Mike has learned his lesson and does the right thing to get his bike back?
Many believe Max SteinerÕs score for King Kong (1933) was the first important attempt at integrating background music into sound film, but a closer look at the industryÕs early sound era (1926Ð1934) reveals a more extended and fascinating story. Viewing more than two hundred films from the period, Michael Slowik launches the first comprehensive study of a long-neglected phase in HollywoodÕs initial development, recasting the history of film sound and its relationship to the ÒGolden AgeÓ of film music (1935Ð1950). Slowik follows filmmakersÕ shifting combinations of sound and image, recapturing the volatility of this era and the variety of film music strategies that were tested, abandoned, and kept. He explores early film music experiments and accompaniment practices in opera, melodrama, musicals, radio, and silent films and discusses the impact of the advent of synchronized dialogue. He concludes with a reassessment of King Kong and its groundbreaking approach to film music, challenging the filmÕs place and importance in the timeline of sound achievement.
In the spring of 1936, the Soviet effort to build an anti-Nazi alliance was failing. Stalin continued nevertheless to support diplomatic efforts to stop Nazi aggression in Europe. In Stalin’s Failed Alliance, the sequel to Stalin’s Gamble, Michael Jabara Carley continues his re-evaluation of European diplomacy during the critical events between May 1936 and August 1939. This narrative history examines the great crises of the pre-war period – the Spanish Civil War, Anschluss, and Munich accords – as well as both the last Soviet efforts to organize an anti-Nazi alliance in the spring–summer of 1939 and Moscow’s shocking volte-face, the signing of the Nazi-Soviet non-aggression pact. Carley’s history traces the lead-up to the outbreak of war in Europe on 1 September 1939 and sheds light on the Soviet Union’s efforts to organize a defensive alliance against Nazi Germany, in effect rebuilding the anti-German Entente of the First World War. The author argues for the sincerity of Soviet overtures to the western European powers and that the non-aggression pact was a last-ditch response to the refusal of other states, especially Britain and France, to conclude an alliance with the USSR against Nazi Germany. Drawing on extensive archival research in Soviet and Western archival papers, Stalin’s Failed Alliance aims to see the European crisis of the 1930s through Soviet eyes.
This monograph provides an introduction to the state of the art of the probability theory that is most directly applicable to combinatorial optimization. The questions that receive the most attention are those that deal with discrete optimization problems for points in Euclidean space, such as the minimum spanning tree, the traveling-salesman tour, and minimal-length matchings. Still, there are several nongeometric optimization problems that receive full treatment, and these include the problems of the longest common subsequence and the longest increasing subsequence. The philosophy that guides the exposition is that analysis of concrete problems is the most effective way to explain even the most general methods or abstract principles. There are three fundamental probabilistic themes that are examined through our concrete investigations. First, there is a systematic exploitation of martingales. The second theme that is explored is the systematic use of subadditivity of several flavors, ranging from the naïve subadditivity of real sequences to the subtler subadditivity of stochastic processes. The third and deepest theme developed here concerns the application of Talagrand's isoperimetric theory of concentration inequalities.
In the medical treatment of children and teenagers and the accompaniment of their parents, alternative therapies, homoeopathy, anthroposophic medicine, psychology and psychosomatics play an ever greater role alongside conventional, science-based medicine. Before a therapy can be successful, an individual diagnosis must be made, taking somatic sympt
This book, the first on these topics, addresses the problem of finding an ellipsoid to represent a large set of points in high-dimensional space, which has applications in computational geometry, data representations, and optimal design in statistics. The book covers the formulation of this and related problems, theoretical properties of their optimal solutions, and algorithms for their solution. Due to the high dimensionality of these problems, first-order methods that require minimal computational work at each iteration are attractive. While algorithms of this kind have been discovered and rediscovered over the past fifty years, their computational complexities and convergence rates have only recently been investigated. The optimization problems in the book have the entries of a symmetric matrix as their variables, so the author's treatment also gives an introduction to recent work in matrix optimization. This book provides historical perspective on the problems studied by optimizers, statisticians, and geometric functional analysts; demonstrates the huge computational savings possible by exploiting simple updates for the determinant and the inverse after a rank-one update, and highlights the difficulties in algorithms when related problems are studied that do not allow simple updates at each iteration; and gives rigorous analyses of the proposed algorithms, MATLAB codes, and computational results.
Originally published in 1965. In A Baronial Family in Medieval England: The Clares, 1217–1314, Michael Altschul studies the Clare family during the thirteenth century. The Clares spearheaded the struggle to enforce Magna Carta in the Barons' War. Historians prior to Altschul tended to neglect the Clares' history given the scattered nature of the archives documenting their time as a politically influential and powerful family. This book unfolds chronologically, outlining the Clares' rise to preeminence and describing how they administered their estates and income.
Over, under, and through John’s story of Jesus are unforgettable ideas and concepts, profoundly simple and simply profound, for the author’s own audience and beyond. These ideas did not originate in a vacuum. They have recurred and been repeated before and after the writing of the Fourth Gospel. For this reason we will examine the meaning of its words and themes in the context of its Jewish-Greco-Roman milieu. Much of our intertextual understanding will be derived from alleged parallels that involve comparisons of similar vocabulary and phrases, as well as parallel concepts and images from the Old Testament, the Dead Sea Scrolls, Philo, and other relevant writings. Such parallels will help to determine the meaning of a word or expression, the translation of a particular language, determining any direct influences upon the Fourth Gospel, parallel traditions, or the influence of its ideas, as a creative and inspiring work of later antiquity.
Many great works of art have been created that we call "Christian," but none has received as much acclaim as Leonardo da Vinci's Last Supper. Art lovers venerate it for its composition and noble aesthetics, whereas, for Christians, it epitomizes the intimacy between Christ and his disciples. In recent years--following the publication of bestselling fictional narratives and dubious historical studies--The Last Supper has also become the focus of intrigue, controversy, speculation, and sensation. Recent restoration of the painting has exposed remnants of the original work and removed falsifications created by over-painting. Thus, for the first time since its creation more than five hundred years ago, we can contemplate Da Vinci's masterpiece in its more or less original form. This lavishly illustrated, full-color book reproduces many details of the restored work, and the author turns our attention to newly revealed aspects of The Last Supper that lead to fresh interpretations. The philosopher Rudolf Steiner called The Last Supper the world's most important work of art, adding that it revealed "the meaning of Earth existence." Michael Ladwein sheds light on many aspects of the spiritual facts that can be uncovered in this immortal painting--one that has lost nothing of its urgency in our modern world.
How does an actor learn to: * Call up emotion? * Develop a character? * Strengthen awareness? These are essential techniques for every actor, and Michael Chekhov's classic work To the Actor explains, clearly and concisely, how to develop them. Chekhov's simple and practical method - successfully used by professional actors all over the world - trains the actor's imagination and body to fulfil its potential. This handbook for actors (and directors) has been revised and expanded by Mala Powers. It includes: a previously unpublished chapter on 'Psychological Gesture', translated into English by the celebrated director Andrei Malaev - Babel; a new biographical overview by Mala Powers; and a foreword by Simon Callow.
The scene is Amsterdam. The Nazis invade The Netherlands early on Friday, May 10, 1940. Hitler says the Dutch will surrender in four hours. Tonny Ahlers comes from a disfunctional family. He runs from school after punching his teacher. Tonny believes the Dutch Nazis, The NSB, will help him. Cherryl, a Jewish girl, falls for him. She will not give up on Tonny. Jews returning after the war must pay overdue property taxes. The Dutch want to keep Jewish children they have hidden during the occupation. These Jews are now part of the family. What would you do?
The two concepts at the centre of this book: Europe, and the Second World War, are constantly changing in public perception. Now that 'Europe' is an even more contested idea than ever, this volume informs the current discourse on European identity by analysing Europe's reaction to the tragedy, heroism and disgrace of the Second World War.
In this book, Michael F. Palo explains how a historical and theoretical examination of Belgian neutrality, 1839-1940, can help readers understand the behaviour of small/weak democracies in the international system.
Michael Goodrich and Roberto Tamassia, authors of the successful, Data Structures and Algorithms in Java, 2/e, have written Algorithm Engineering, a text designed to provide a comprehensive introduction to the design, implementation and analysis of computer algorithms and data structures from a modern perspective. This book offers theoretical analysis techniques as well as algorithmic design patterns and experimental methods for the engineering of algorithms. Market: Computer Scientists; Programmers.
On July 7, 2007, Pope Benedict XVI issued his long awaited motu proprio, Summorum Pontificum. In this document he granted permission "to celebrate Mass following the typical edition of the Roman Missal promulgated by Bl. John XXIII in 1962 as an extraordinary form of the Liturgy of the Church." Because of this motu proprio, there has been much interest in viewing the Paul VI missal as a continuation of the Bl. John XXIII missal. Understanding the earlier ritual expression is essential if we are to deeply understand the ordinary expression of the Mass of Paul VI. This book is a collection essays from the proceedings of the 11th International CIEL (International Centre for Liturgical Studies) Colloquium held at Merton College, Oxford, September of 2006. CIEL is an academic school of Liturgy founded in 1994 in Paris to form an academic school to instruct priests, seminarians, religious and the laity in the riches of Catholic liturgical history and development of the liturgy.
A biography of the polymath Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz told through seven critical days spanning his life and revealing his contributions to our modern world. Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (1646–1716) was the Benjamin Franklin of Europe, a “universal genius” who ranged across many fields and made breakthroughs in most of them. Leibniz invented calculus (independently from Isaac Newton), conceptualized the modern computer, and developed the famous thesis that the existing world is the best that God could have created. In The Best of All Possible Worlds, historian and Leibniz expert Michael Kempe takes us on a journey into the mind and inventions of a man whose contributions are perhaps without parallel in human history. Structured around seven crucial days in Leibniz’s life, Kempe’s account allows us to observe him in the act of thinking and creating, and gives us a deeper understanding of his broad-reaching intellectual endeavors. On October 29, 1675, we find him in Paris, diligently working from his bed amid a sea of notes, and committing the integral symbol—the basis of his calculus—to paper. On April 17, 1703, Leibniz is in Berlin, writing a letter reporting that a Jesuit priest living in China has discovered how to use Leibniz’s binary number system to decipher an ancient Chinese system of writing. One day in August 1714, Leibniz enjoys a Viennese coffee while drawing new connections among ontology and biology and mathematics. The Best of All Possible Worlds transports us to an age defined by rational optimism and a belief in progress, and will endure as one of the few authoritative accounts of Leibniz’s life available in English.
This monograph presents a comprehensive taxonomic revision of the hyperdiverse Neotropical beetle genus Operclipygus Marseul. Operclipygus occurs almost throughout the Americas, but there are few species that extend beyond the diverse tropical regions.ÿ The genus was originally defined very narrowly, for just a single unusual species (the type species O. sulcistrius). However, evolutionary considerations have led to a much broader conception of the genus, and it is now one of the largest in the entire family Histeridae, containing 177 species. In this paper 138 species are described as new. Identification keys are presented to allow identification of all the species, and most species are illustrated by color photographs and drawings of diagnostic characteristics. Natural history details for species of Operclipygus are scant, as most specimens have been collected through the use of passive flight interception traps. They are known to be predaceous, and many are probably generally associated with decaying vegetation and leaf litter, where they prey on small arthropods. But a small proportion are known to be inquilines, living in symbiotic relationships with social insects such as ants and termites, and also with some burrowing mammals, such as Tuco-tucos.
The first of two volumes, this text offers results that are used in the proof of the main theoremthat lies behind quasithin groups, an class of finite simple groups. Some results are gathered from existing mathematical literature, but many are proven for the first time.
As a child in a non-religious family, Michael Ridenour found a Bible one day and began reading. Initially excited by its lively stories, he paused at the New Testament, faced with a baffling inner question: Where in the world is Christ today? An unexpected answer came during his teenage years with a spontaneous experience of the Christ being, but this only led to more questions. Later, discovering the work of Rudolf Steiner, he found the authentic vision and language he needed to clarify and better comprehend his own experiences, but the questions kept coming. The Greatest Gift Ever Given is a fruit of Ridenour’s life-long search for answers: a book that is at once deeply thoughtful, humorous, philosophical and poetic. In Part I, ‘Raising the Foundation’, he studies the Judeo-Christian mysteries. After humanity’s ‘fall’ into materialism, these mysteries signal the development of human individuality. The impulse for self-hood continues with Christ, who brings a new path of divine love. But the mystery of Christ leads naturally to his shadow. Today, we can no longer escape the question: Where in the world is Judas? Without Judas’s betrayal, Christ’s greatest gift could never have been given. We can’t reject Judas, but should transform him within ourselves. In Part II, ‘Lowering the Temple’, Ridenour relates the theme of metamorphosis to the contemporary world. Once guided by initiates, personal transformation now needs to blossom from within each individual human soul. The topic of evolution takes us to a consideration of the perennially-controversial Charles Darwin, as well as the intuitive approach of Goethe and the living thinking of Rudolf Steiner. A rich treasure-trove of ideas, The Greatest Gift Ever Given sharpens a dynamic focus on current spiritual needs and contributes a thought-provoking response to them.
This book gives the state-of-the-art on transversals in linear uniform hypergraphs. The notion of transversal is fundamental to hypergraph theory and has been studied extensively. Very few articles have discussed bounds on the transversal number for linear hypergraphs, even though these bounds are integral components in many applications. This book is one of the first to give strong non-trivial bounds on the transversal number for linear hypergraphs. The discussion may lead to further study of those problems which have not been solved completely, and may also inspire the readers to raise new questions and research directions. The book is written with two readerships in mind. The first is the graduate student who may wish to work on open problems in the area or is interested in exploring the field of transversals in hypergraphs. This exposition will go far to familiarize the student with the subject, the research techniques, and the major accomplishments in the field. The photographs included allow the reader to associate faces with several researchers who made important discoveries and contributions to the subject. The second audience is the established researcher in hypergraph theory who will benefit from having easy access to known results and latest developments in the field of transversals in linear hypergraphs.
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