Between the revolutions of 1830 and 1848, poverty reached new extremes in Germany, as in other European countries, and gave rise to a class of disaffected poor, leading to the widespread expectation of a social revolution. Whether welcomed or feared, it dominated private and public debate to a larger extent than is generally assumed as is shown in this study on the reflections in literature of what was called the "Social Question." Examining works by Heine, Eichendorff, Nestroy, Büchner, Grillparzer, and Theodor Storm, the author reveals an acute awareness of political issues in an era in literature which is often seen as tending to quiescence and withdrawal from public preoccupations.
“We owe it to our plants to read this book. After all, while we just live with the weather, our plants have to survive it.” —The Washington Post All gardeners are at the whim of Mother Nature, and so are our plants. Whether it’s coping with extreme drought or record-breaking snow fall, gardeners—and gardens—across the country are fighting against the elements. Instead of just reacting to the weather, Michael Allaby suggests that gardeners use knowledge about how the weather works to create the best growing conditions for their plants. Allaby brings big-picture atmospheric concepts to life with a comprehensive introduction to how weather works and explanations climate change, weather systems, and microclimates. The Gardener’s Guide to Weather and Climate proves that instead of gardening at the mercy of the weather, knowledgeable gardeners can make the weather work for them
Enhanced by photographic illustrations of extraordinary quality, this text should provide students with a complete introduction to the scientific study of environments dominated by snow and ice. Emphasizing the range of erosional and depositional landforms, drawing on the older geological record, according due attention to the marine environment, and covering all relevant parts of the world - this book should find a wide readership among students of geography, geology and environmental science.; The author has published many research papers and has also been joint-author, co-author or co-editor of six book-length publications.; This book is intended for undergraduate students of glacial environments geomorphology, glaciology/hydrology in departments of geography, environmental sciences and geology.
Presents a history of atmospheric studies, discussing such topics as the study of air, water, and gases throughout the ages, the classification of climates, the development of weather maps and forecasting, and the discovery and theory of the ice ages.
Offering an analytical perspective on the design and reform of the international financial architecture, this book stresses the important role played by creditor co-ordination problems in the origin and management of crises by relating the insights of the new literature on global games to earlier work on currency crises, bank runs, and sovereign debt default. It examines the design of sovereign bankruptcy procedures, the role of the IMF in influencing creditors and debtor countries, and the currency composition of sovereign debt, and draws on recent research and policy work. The book's first part provides a critical synthesis of the literature underpinning the architecture debate. It reviews the traditional distinction between "fundamentals-based" and "sunspot-based" crises before reconciling the two using global game methods. The role of co-ordination problems in sparking costly liquidation and influencing the debtor's incentives to repay is then examined in depth and shown to lie at the heart of crisis management policy. The empirical literature on leading indicators of crisis is also critically examined and related to the architecture debate. In its second part the book examines key issues in crisis management. Suggesting that optimal reforms must set the inefficiencies of crisis against the inefficiencies of debtor moral hazard, the authors consider the relative merits of statutory and contractual solutions to sovereign debt workouts. They go on to discuss the role of the IMF in influencing private lending and debtor moral hazard, theoretically and empirically. They argue that there is no simple relationship between ex post crisis management and ex ante moral hazard, implying that the handling of financial crises is a delicate affair warranting a cautious approach by would-be architects.
The IMF Working Papers series is designed to make IMF staff research available to a wide audience. Almost 300 Working Papers are released each year, covering a wide range of theoretical and analytical topics, including balance of payments, monetary and fiscal issues, global liquidity, and national and international economic developments.
In an attempt to cope with the profusion of tools and techniques for qualitative methods, texts for students have tended to respond in the following two ways: "how to" or "why to." In contrast, this book takes on both tasks to give students a more complete picture of the field. An Invitation to Qualitative Fieldwork is a helpful guide, a compendium of tips, and a workbook for skills. Whether for a class, as a reference book, or something to return to before, during, and after data-collection, An Invitation to Qualitative Fieldwork is a new kind of qualitative handbook.
Safeguarding Adults and the Law, now in its third edition, sets this complex area of work within an extensive legal framework and provides many useful pointers for practitioners and students. It is now in an A-Z format, enabling quick reference to a wide range of civil and criminal law, and to legal case law. The book covers safeguarding duties under the Care Act 2014 and in particular the making of enquiries by local authorities, safeguarding adults boards, Department of Health guidance, human rights, regulation of health and social care providers, barring of carers from working with vulnerable adults, criminal records certificates, mental capacity, the High Court's inherent jurisdiction, undue influence, assault, battery, wilful neglect, ill treatment, self-neglect, manslaughter, murder, theft, fraud, sexual offences, modern slavery, domestic violence legislation, data protection and the sharing of information. The book focuses on how these areas of law, each with its own set of rules, apply to the practice of safeguarding adults. It contains numerous legal case summaries to bring the law to life. Fully updated, it reflects significant changes to civil and criminal law over the last five years. A critical introduction analyses serious challenges and issues inherent in the current culture of health and social care, and the implications for adult safeguarding. This book will be an essential resource for all those working in social care, health care and the police, as well as the many other agencies involved in safeguarding.
1. Bank risk management in emerging markets after the enhanced Basel rules -- 2. Product VaR modeling -- 3. Is it all about disclosure? Regulating structured financial products after the Lehman Brothers minibonds saga -- 4. Regulation of over-the-counter derivatives in Australia -- 5. Credit derivatives : understanding their characteristics and risk potential -- 6. A new framework for asset-backed securities (ABSs) -- 7. Risk management of collateralized debt obligations -- 8. Financial leverage risk : new definition and empirical illustration -- 9. Enabling technology for more pervasive and responsive market risk management systems -- 10. A new method of stress testing investment products
Kommentierte Bibliografie. Sie gibt Wissenschaftlern, Studierenden und Journalisten zuverlässig Auskunft über rund 6000 internationale Veröffentlichungen zum Thema Film und Medien. Die vorgestellten Rubriken reichen von Nachschlagewerk über Filmgeschichte bis hin zu Fernsehen, Video, Multimedia.
This book describes and assesses an emerging threat to states’ territorial control and sovereignty: the hostile control of companies that carry out privatized aspects of sovereign authority. The threat arises from the massive worldwide shift of state activities to the private sector since the late 1970s in conjunction with two other modern trends – the globalization of business and the liberalization of international capital flows. The work introduces three new concepts: firstly, the rise of companies that handle privatized activities, and the associated advent of "post-government companies" that make such activities their core business. Control of them may reside with individual investors, other companies or investment funds, or it may reside with other states through state-owned enterprises or sovereign wealth funds. Secondly, "imperfect privatizations:" when a state privatizes an activity to another state’s public sector. The book identifies cases where this is happening. It also elaborates on how ownership and influence of companies that perform privatized functions may not be transparent, and can pass to inherently hostile actors, including criminal or terrorist organizations. Thirdly, "belligerent companies," whose conduct is hostile to those of states where they are active. The book concludes by assessing the adequacy of existing legal and regulatory regimes and how relevant norms may evolve.
This book looks at the way in which resilience has been promoted as a resource for nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic and addresses its limitations as a response to the potential trauma of working in intense healthcare contexts. Traynor examines the nature of trauma and moral distress in nursing work, which predates the most recent pandemic that brought it into sharp relief, and links this to discussions of resilience in nursing. He examines differing understandings of trauma, identifying and detailing approaches to dealing with it and its aftereffects. In a wide-ranging book that draws together critiques of the happiness industry and PPE scandals, this book lays bare government and managerial reactions to the pandemic, alongside individual, sometimes harrowing, accounts. Its author sets out the impact of working during COVID-19 on the profession and its members in terms of support, solidarity and fragmentation. Drawing on a critical analysis of responses to the pandemic from the government, regulatory bodies, the NHS, and the media, along with primary research with nurses and others who have worked through the pandemic, this book is a vital contribution for all those interested in resilience, trauma, well-being and workforce development in nursing.
The contributions in this book provide a unique view of its emergence and growth in a number of different national settings in an area of the Third World where the industry is most advanced. In The Political Economy of Japanese Monetary Policy, Cargill, Hutchison, and Ito investigate the formulation and execution of monetary and financial policies in Japan within a broad technical, political, and institutional context.Their emphasis is on the period since the collapse of the Bretton Woods system of fixed exchange rates in the early 1970s, and on the effects of policies and institutions in shaping the modern Japanese economy. The authors present basic themes and recent developments, as well as their own research findings.They also review and integrate the large literature in the area. They consider theoretical arguments and empirical evidence for each topic discussed. Topics covered include Japan's low inflation record (despite the central bank's lack of formal independence from the government); politically motivated business cycles and the timing of elections; exchange rate policy and international policy coordination; the historical development of central banking; Japan's "bubble economy" of the 1980s; and the causes, magnitude, and regulatory responses to Japan's banking and financial crisis of the 1990s.
This book was originally published in 1997. The Bildungsroman - the story of the development or formation of a young man - is the most famous German contribution to the European novel. Most studies of the Bildungsroman have concentrated on its underlying philosophy; Michael Minden addresses it as literature. He offers detailed readings of some of the best-known novels in the German language, from Goethe to Mann, including Wilhelm Meisters Lehrjahre, Agathon, Anton Reiser, Hyperion, Heinrich von Ofterdingen, Der grüne Heinrich, Der Nachsommer, and Der Zauberberg. Looking at the novels from the points of view of gender, subjectivity, and the ideology of the aesthetic, and taking account of the literary theory, Minden uncovers aspects and motifs which subvert traditional ideas of the Bildungsroman and raise questions about the function and status of literature.
This accessible and fresh account of German writing since 1750 is a case study of literature as a cultural and spiritual resource in modern societies. Beginning with the emergence of German language literature on the international stage in the mid-eighteenth century, the book plays down conventional labels and periodisation of German literary history in favour of the explanatory force of international cultural impact. It explains, for instance, how specifically German and Austrian conditions shaped major contributions to European literary culture such as Romanticism and the ‘language scepticism’ of the early twentieth century. From the First World War until reunification in 1990, Germany’s defining experiences have been ones of catastrophe. The book provides a compelling overview of the different ways in which German literature responded to historical disaster. They are, first, Modernism (the ‘Literature of Negation’), second, the literature of totalitarian regimes (Third Reich and German Democratic Republic), and third the various creative strategies and evasions of the capitalist democratic multi-medial cultures of the Weimar and Federal Republics. The volume achieves a balance between textual analysis and cultural theory that gives it value as an introductory reference source and as an original study and as such will be essential reading for students and scholars alike.
Looking to the future, Intelligent Skins sets out the principles for the design of the intelligent building envelope. It highlights an exciting new approach to the area, where the fabric of the building responds to external changes and internal demands. The prime objective is to control internal environments through a responsive building fabric rather than by energy consuming building services systems. The authors examine the potential for integral intelligence within the fabric of the building and explore the evolution of information technology and smart materials which have allowed a whole new category of design principles to be created.
with some 600 photos and 4000 drawings and plans, the Timber Construction Manual is a comprehensive and indispensable reference work in the specialist literature on timber. It looks at all types of timber and timber materials, also presenting detailed information on the current norms and standards. Chapters cover the basic principles of working with timber, providing detailed information on subjects such as heat, noise insulation, fire protection treatment. The significance of timber with particular reference to ecology is also investigated. Timber as a load-bearing material is considered, and topics such as new methods of joining, transport and montage are documented. The second part of the volume presents a large number of built examples which feature some "classic" structures but focus chiefly on more recent buildings. The spectrum presented ranges from heavy-load bridges to multi-storey residential buildings. The second part of the examples looks specifically at topics such as facades, building skins etc.
Markov chains are a particularly powerful and widely used tool for analyzing a variety of stochastic (probabilistic) systems over time. This monograph will present a series of Markov models, starting from the basic models and then building up to higher-order models. Included in the higher-order discussions are multivariate models, higher-order multivariate models, and higher-order hidden models. In each case, the focus is on the important kinds of applications that can be made with the class of models being considered in the current chapter. Special attention is given to numerical algorithms that can efficiently solve the models. Therefore, Markov Chains: Models, Algorithms and Applications outlines recent developments of Markov chain models for modeling queueing sequences, Internet, re-manufacturing systems, reverse logistics, inventory systems, bio-informatics, DNA sequences, genetic networks, data mining, and many other practical systems.
This timely and much-needed book focuses on the phenomenon often referred to as "holiday hunger" in the United Kingdom. The book begins by outlining the history and scope of holiday hunger – the condition that occurs when a child’s household is, or will become, food insecure during the summer holidays. The decline of the UK welfare state and the rise of neoliberalism have created a situation where up to three million children in the UK face food insecurity during the summer months when there are extra financial pressures on the working poor and when free school meals are not available. This book details the level of childhood and household food insecurity in the UK and describes one of the main responses to holiday hunger – holiday clubs. These clubs are locally organised and funded and provide a place for children to go to eat nutritious meals for free during the school holidays. Highlighting the benefits of holiday clubs that often extend beyond food provision, this book also discusses the challenges that they face now and in the future. The book concludes with recommendations for food insecurity policy and the role of government in fighting holiday hunger. This book will be of great interest to students and scholars of food and nutrition security, social policy and public health.
Shortlisted for DSBA Law Book of the Year Award 2020 The law in Ireland regarding causes of action involving the internet is a rapidly growing area of law and litigation. This book examines issues such as privacy, data protection, defamation, data protection, crime, intellectual property and employment, all through the prism of online behaviour. This book examines key pieces of legislation such as the E-Commerce Directive, GDPR, and Defamation Act 2009; forthcoming legislation such as the Digital Content Directive and proposed Irish legislation to combat harmful online content. With Ireland being the European base of many international IT and tech firms such as Google, Facebook, LinkedIn, Amazon and Twitter, it is anticipated that the Irish courts will be the forum for many important cases in the near future. Internet Law provides a comprehensive overview of the state of the law in Ireland, EU Member States, and other common law countries such as Canada, Australia and New Zealand. And in such a fast-developing area of law, the book also anticipates many of the issues that will face courts in the near future. Key cases that this book considers include: Data protection: Google Spain [2014] – an in depth review of what exactly this case established, and the manner in which it has been interpreted in subsequent case law. Lloyd v Google [2019] – in which the English Court of Appeal made a significant finding about the availability of damages for non-pecuniary loss arising from the breach of a person's data protection rights. Defamation: Monroe v Hopkins [2017] - the first UK case to consider at length defamation on Twitter, with an in-depth analysis of meaning, identification and how to assess the degree of publication via that medium. Eva Glawischnig-Piesczech v Facebook [2019] – a significant recent decision of the CJEU on the liability of social media platforms for content posted by its users. Copyright: Sony Music v UPC [2018] - a Court of Appeal judgment on the duties of internet service providers to restrict the illegal downloading of copyright material by its customers. Land Nordrhein-Westfalen v Renckhoff [2018] - a recent decision of the CJEU on the nature of copyright protection attaching to photographs which are uploaded to the internet. Trade Marks: Interflora Inc v Marks and Spencer plc [2011] - a decision of the CJEU which analyses the rights of an advertiser to use the trade mark of a rival company when promoting its services on the Google Ads service. Employment: Barbulescu v Romania [2017] - a significant CJEU decision which sets out the restrictions to an employer's right to monitor the electronic communications of its employees. Privacy/ Harassment: CG v Facebook [2016], in which the Northern Ireland Court of Appeal considered the tort of harassment via social media, and the potential liability of Facebook for comments made by a user following notification of the alleged harassment. Evidence: Martin & Ors v Gabriele Giambrone P/A Giambrone & Law [2013]- one of several cases to consider the admissibility of evidence taken by a defendant from a plaintiff's social media account in order to question the latter's testimony.
Nowhere inspires romantic cliches like PARIS. Residents and visitors, artists, writers and lovers have always made the city their own and then felt compelled to share it with the world. Find your own inspiration, in the priceless corridors of the Louvre, the bars of the Latin Quarter, the glamour of Place Vendome; be overawed by pomp, smitten by temples of gastronomy, and corrupted by chic. Book jacket.
The most complete French-language menu reader available, covering every dish likely to be encountered in any Parisian restaurant! Nothing can make a trip to Paris more enjoyable and rewarding than a great dining experience - but you have to know what to order! This handy guide helps readers navigate French menus while also steering people to great Parisian restaurants, bistros, cafes, wine shops, food markets and the like. The bulk of the book is the most comprehensive menu reader available, translating thousands of French words into English. There are also sections on restaurant etiquette, a pronunciation guide, English-to-French phrases and words, Parisian neighbourhoods from a dining perspective, and descriptions of the many different kinds of food and eating establishments in Paris.
Most U.S. visitors to Europe make a beeline for one or both of the continent's most celebrated cities and, as connections through the Channel Tunnel or by air become more frequent and cheaper, short breaks and even day trips have never been easier. Cadogan's original two-center guide still has no competition, and this updated version includes recent big-budget attractions created in both cities to mark the Millennium, such as the London Eye and the revamped Pompidou Center. The guide focuses on what short-stay visitors need to know, providing expert advice on major events, crucial sights, the best places to shop, drink, eat, and stay, and insider tips on the havens behind the bustling streets, all in an accessible, condensed format.
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