Identifies and evaluates the psychological choices implicit in the rules of evidence Evidence law is meant to facilitate trials that are fair, accurate, and efficient, and that encourage and protect important societal values and relationships. In pursuit of these often-conflicting goals, common law judges and modern drafting committees have had to perform as amateur applied psychologists. Their task has required them to employ what they think they know about the ability and motivations of witnesses to perceive, store, and retrieve information; about the effects of the litigation process on testimony and other evidence; and about our capacity to comprehend and evaluate evidence. These are the same phenomena that cognitive and social psychologists systematically study. The rules of evidence have evolved to restrain lawyers from using the most robust weapons of influence, and to direct judges to exclude certain categories of information, limit it, or instruct juries on how to think about it. Evidence law regulates the form of questions lawyers may ask, filters expert testimony, requires witnesses to take oaths, and aims to give lawyers and factfinders the tools they need to assess witnesses’ reliability. But without a thorough grounding in psychology, is the “common sense” of the rulemakers as they create these rules always, or even usually, correct? And when it is not, how can the rules be fixed? Addressed to those in both law and psychology, The Psychological Foundations of Evidence Law draws on the best current psychological research-based knowledge to identify and evaluate the choices implicit in the rules of evidence, and to suggest alternatives that psychology reveals as better for accomplishing the law’s goals.
Documents the history of Catholic activism to mitigate human rights abuses in Guatemala and the failed US policies in the country and region during the 1970s and 1980s Blessed Are the Activists examines US Catholic activists' influence on US-Guatemalan relations during the Guatemalan civil war's most violent years in the 1970s and 1980s. Cangemi argues that Catholic activists' definition of human rights, advocacy methods, and structure caused them to act as a transnational human rights NGO that engaged Guatemalan and US government officials on human rights issues, reported on Guatemala's human rights violations, and criticized US foreign policy decisions as a contributing factor in Guatemala's inequality, poverty, and violence. His work foregrounds how Catholic activists emphasized dignity for Guatemala's poorest citizens and the connections they made between justice, solidarity, and peace and brought Guatemala's violence, poverty, and inequality to greater global attention, often at great personal risk. Cangemi pays considerable attention to multiple facets of the strained US-Guatemala diplomatic relationship, including how and why Guatemala's military dictatorship exposed the internal flaws within the Carter administration's decision to link military aid to human rights and how internal foreign policy debates in the Carter and Reagan administrations helped to intensify Guatemala's bloody civil war. He also includes interviews conducted with Guatemalan genocide survivors and refugees to provide firsthand accounts of the consequences of those policymaking decisions. Finally, he offers readers an in-depth examination of the US Catholic press's sharp rebukes of US policies on Guatemala and all of Central America when the broader Roman Catholic Church began to move farther toward the ideological right under John Paul II. Blessed Are the Activists offers rich, original research and a gripping narrative. With Guatemala and other countries in Latin America still experiencing human rights abuses, this book will continue to provide context. It will appeal to a broad swath of readers, from scholars to the general public and students.
Although the federal appointment of U.S. judges and executive branch officers has consistently engendered controversy, previous studies of the process have been limited to particular dramatic conflicts and have tended to view appointments in a vacuum without regard to other incidents in the process, other legislative matters, or broader social, political, and historical developments. The Federal Appointments Process fills this gap by providing the first comprehensive analysis of over two hundred years of federal appointments in the United States, revealing crucial patterns of growth and change in one of the most central of our democratic processes. Michael J. Gerhardt includes each U.S. president’s performance record regarding appointments, accounts of virtually all the major confirmation contests, as well as discussion of significant legal and constitutional questions raised throughout U.S. history. He also analyzes recess appointments, the Vacancies Act, the function of nominees in the appointment process, and the different treatment received by judicial and nonjudicial nominations. While discussing the important roles played by media and technology in federal appointments, Gerhardt not only puts particular controversies in perspective but also identifies important trends in the process, such as how leaders of different institutions attempt to protect—if not expand—their respective prerogatives by exercising their authority over federal appointments. Employing a newly emerging method of inquiry known as “historical institutionalism”—in which the ultimate goal is to examine the development of an institution in its entirety and not particular personalities or periods, this book concludes with suggestions for reforms in light of recent controversies springing from the longest delays in history that many judicial nominees face in the Senate. Gerhardt’s intensive treatment of the subject will be of interest to students and scholars of political science, government, history, and legal studies.
The dramatic secret meeting between Churchill and FDR that forged their alliance against global fascism is brought to life in this WWII history. On August 14, 1941, Prime Minister Winston Churchill and President Franklin D. Roosevelt issued a joint declaration of goals for the world after the Second World War. The Atlantic Charter was a powerful statement against tyranny and an important display of the “Special Relationship” between the UK and the US. Roosevelt and Churchill: The Atlantic Charter tells the story behind this momentous document and the secret meeting that led to its creation. Churchill and Roosevelt barely knew each other when they met off the coast of Newfoundland aboard the USS Augusta. After a desperate dash across the U-boat infested Atlantic, Churchill spent four days at sea with Roosevelt, establishing both a personal friendship and an international alliance that would change the world. Exploring the lives of both men, the authors also include biographies of those who were vital to the process: Roosevelt’s Secretary of Commerce Harry Hopkins and foreign policy advisor Sumner Welles; and Churchill’s confidants Lord Beaverbrook, Lord Cadogan, and his son Randolph Churchill.
Former Ronald Reagan advisor and bestselling author Michael K. Deaver gathers together some of the nation's leading thinkers, pundits, and political figures to examine what it means to be a conservative in America today. As the power of the Republican party continues to grow, a bold new conservative movement is taking form in America. In Why I Am a Reagan Conservative -- a timely and unprecedented new collection about the great man who fueled the fire of the political movement -- some of the most powerful minds in politics and media provide the reasons behind their beliefs, and explain the late Ronald Reagan's impact on the Grand Old Party and the nation. Among Them Bill Frist on ideology's roots in life experience Robert D. Novak on how the government is the problem, not the solution Bob Dole on a long legacy of timeless values -- from the Depression to post-9/11 Ken Mehlman on freedom as the foundation of international peace Orrin G. Hatch on the Reagan Revolution's success in restoring essential American values J. C. Watts, Jr., on Ronald Reagan, who challenged America to become greater And many more . . .
Cancer survivors are returning to the workplace in higher numbers than ever before. This is a positive outcome of the “war on cancer”, however, many of these cancer survivors face the possibility of illness- or treatment-related complications; employer discrimination or harassment; and other serious concerns. Cancer Survivorship and Work reviews many of the issues relevant to cancer survivors in the workplace from the survivors’, employers’, and global perspectives. This interdisciplinary and international volume brings together experts in fields as varied as epidemiology, economics, rehabilitation, psychology, human factors and ergonomics; law, and public policy to create a unique, up-to-date reference of what is currently known and what needs to be considered in the future. With this knowledge, challenges faced by this growing population can be better addressed by health care providers, employers, survivors and their families.
Trial by jury is one of the most important aspects of the U.S. legal system. A reflective look at how juries actually function brings out a number of ethical questions surrounding juror conduct and jury dynamics: Do citizens have a duty to serve as jurors? Might they seek exemptions? Is it acceptable for jurors to engage in after-hours research? Might a juror legitimately seek to "nullify" the outcome to express disapproval of the law? Under what conditions might jurors make a valid choice to hold out against or capitulate to their fellow jurors? Is it acceptable to form alliances? After trial, are there problems with entering into publishing contracts? Unfortunately, questions such as these have received scant attention from scholars. This book revives attention to these and other issues of jury ethics by collecting new and insightful essays along with responses from leading scholars in the field of jury studies. Is it acceptable for jurors to engage in after-hours research? Might a juror legitimately seek to "nullify" the outcome to express disapproval of the law? After trial, are there problems with entering into publishing contracts? Unfortunately, questions such as these have received scant attention from scholars. This book revives attention to these and other issues of jury ethics by collecting new and insightful essays along with responses from leading scholars in the field of jury studies. Contributors: Jeffrey Abramson, B. Michael Dann, Shari Seidman Diamond, Norman J. Finkel, Paula Hannaford-Agor, Valerie P. Hans, Julie E. Howe, Nancy J. King, John Kleinig, James P. Levine, Candace McCoy, G. Thomas Munsterman, Maureen O'Connor, Steven Penrod, Alan W. Scheflin, Neil Vidmar
Periodontology at a Glance The market‐leading at a Glance series is popular among healthcare students and newly qualified practitioners, for its concise and simple approach and excellent illustrations. Each bite‐sized chapter is covered in a double‐page spread with clear, easy‐to‐follow diagrams, supported by succinct explanatory text. Covering a wide range of topics, books in the at a Glance series are ideal as introductory texts for teaching, learning and revision, and are useful throughout university and beyond. Everything you need to know about Periodontology... at a Glance! Brief but comprehensive overview of periodontology from the At a Glance series Periodontology at a Glance, Second Edition provides readers with key information on periodontology in an easy-to-use reference. Following the At a Glance series style, this revised and expanded edition illustrates each topic with a double page spread/short chapter that encapsulates the essential knowledge. Clear diagrams and clinical pictures are included throughout and accompanied by succinct text, providing a highly visual format to facilitate ease of learning. This second edition is divided into 6 uniquely colour-coded parts, designed to guide the reader through the various topics in a visually appealing manner. The authors have distilled the salient research literature and evidence base, and made suggestions for further reading where appropriate. Sample topics covered in Periodontology at a Glance include: Anatomy of the periodontium, classification of periodontal diseases, periodontal epidemiology, role of plaque in the aetiology of periodontal diseases, and plaque biofilm microbiology. Host defenses, development and progression of periodontal diseases, systemic risk factors for periodontal diseases, periodontal diseases and general health. Diet and periodontal diseases, local risk factors for periodontal diseases, periodontal history, examination and diagnosis, and periodontal screening. Principles of periodontal diagnosis and treatment planning, plaque control, non-surgical periodontal therapy, and periodontal tissue responses, healing, and monitoring. Periodontal surgery, dental implants and peri-implant mucositis/peri-implantitis. Periodontal health; plaque biofilm-induced gingivitis, non-plaque-induced gingival conditions, gingival recession, gingival enlargement, periodontitis and its staging and grading, periodontal management of patients who smoke/have diabetes, necrotising periodontal diseases, periodontal abscesses, endodontic-periodontal lesions, periodontal diseases in younger and older patients, and the delivery of periodontal care Providing comprehensive coverage of the subject, the Second Edition of Periodontology at a Glance is an essential resource for dental undergraduates and hygiene therapy students, and also serves as a helpful refresher for qualified dentists preparing for a general examination or looking for a relatively quick update in the field.
The most comprehensive text available on the use of evidence-based medication therapies for optimal patient outcomes – updated with the latest breakthroughs and guidelines A Doody's Core Title for 2019! Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiologic Approach is written to help you advance the quality of patient care through evidence-based medication therapy derived from sound pharmacotherapeutic principles. The scope of this trusted classic goes beyond drug indications and dosages to include the initial selection, proper administration, and monitoring of drugs. You will find everything you need to provide safe, effective drug therapy across the full range of therapeutic categories. Presented in full-color, the Tenth Edition is enriched by more than 300 expert contributors, and every chapter has been updated to reflect the latest in evidence-based information and recommendations. This sweeping updates include tables, charts, algorithms, and practice guidelines. This edition is also enhanced by a timely all-new chapter on Travel Health. Here’s why this is the perfect learning tool for students, patient-focused pharmacists, and other health care providers: • All chapters have been updated to provide the most current, reliable, and relevant information possible • Key Concepts at the beginning of each chapter • Clinical Presentation Tables summarize disease signs and symptoms • Clinical Controversies Boxes examine the complicated issues faced by students and clinicians in providing drug therapy • Color coded diagnostic flow diagram, treatment algorithms, dosing recommendations, and monitoring approaches clearly distinguish treatment pathways • Most disease-oriented chapters include updated evidence-based treatment guidelines that often include ratings of the level of evidence to support the key therapeutic approaches Edition after trusted edition, Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiologic Approach has been unmatched in its ability to clearly and impartially impart core pathophysiological and therapeutic elements that students and practitioners must be familiar with.
This is a uniquely comprehensive introduction to the study of politics in a variety of countries. Part I surveys the core topics of comparative politics and equips students with the concepts and analytical methods needed to understand the complexities of today's political world, explaining in a step-by-step fashion how the basic techniques of the scientific method, such as qualitative hypothesis testing, can be used to understand political realities. Part II provides in-depth studies of a number of major countries, using the concepts and analytical techniques introduced in Part I. By combining rich conceptualization, analytical methods, and extensive coverage of a diversity of countries, this engaging text teaches students how to think for themselves about politics, logically and systematically.
This book will follow the same path as volume one by continuing to explore the dark corners of the Lindbergh kidnapping. All the topics throughout this volume will be ones that were never properly examined or evaluated anytime in the past. And the facts revealed cause the historical account to become very unlikelyif not impossibleas a result. As with the first, it is an unorthodox stylea book that may not transition from one chapter to the next as is typical. There may be places where I repeat certain information and/or mention different versions which may not always match up. I do this intentionally so the reader will have all of the information necessary to draw a personal conclusion. I have been very fortunate to be able to access a number of sources that are either not well-known or privately held. Each of these has enhanced my knowledge of the case, and I have tried very hard to communicate the essential findings of each of these to you in this book. In this regard, my book is unique and should offer new information to anyone who reads it, including the most seasoned researchers.
This book helps readers apply testing and measurement theories. Featuring 22 self-standing modules, instructors can pick and choose the ones that are most appropriate for their course. Each module features an overview of a measurement issue and a step-by-step application of that theory. Best practices provide recommendations for ensuring the appropriate application of the theory. Practical questions help students assess their understanding of the topic while the examples allow them to apply the material using real data. Two cases in each module depict typical dilemmas faced when applying measurement theory followed by Questions to Ponder to encourage critical examination of the issues noted in the cases. Each module contains exercises some of which require no computer access while others involve the use of SPSS to solve the problem. The book’s website houses the accompanying data sets and more. The book also features suggested readings, a glossary of the key terms, and a continuing exercise that incorporates many of the steps in the development of a measure of typical performance. Updated throughout to reflect recent changes in the field, the new edition also features: --A new co-author, Michael Zickar, who updated the advanced topics and added the new module on generalizability theory (Module 22). -Expanded coverage of reliability (Modules 5 & 6) and exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis (Modules 18 & 19) to help readers interpret results presented in journal articles. -Expanded Web Resources, Instructors will now find: suggested answers to the book’s questions and exercises; detailed worked solutions to the exercises; and PowerPoint slides. Students and instructors can access the SPSS data sets; additional exercises; the glossary; and website references that are helpful in understanding psychometric concepts. Part 1 provides an introduction to measurement theory and specs for scaling and testing and a review of statistics. Part 2 then progresses through practical issues related to text reliability, validation, meta-analysis and bias. Part 3 reviews practical issues related to text construction such as the development of measures of maximal performance, CTT item analysis, test scoring, developing measures of typical performance, and issues related to response styles and guessing. The book concludes with advanced topics such as multiple regression, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, item response theory (IRT), IRT applications including computer adaptive testing and differential item functioning, and generalizability theory. Ideal as a text for any psychometrics, testing and measurement, or multivariate statistics course taught in psychology, education, marketing and management, professional researchers in need of a quick refresher on applying measurement theory will also find this an invaluable reference.
Although Illinois saw no dramatic witch trials, witchcraft has been a part of Illinois history and culture from French exploration to the present day. On the Illinois frontier, pioneers pressed silver dimes into musket balls to ward off witches, while farmers dutifully erected fence posts according to phases of the moon. In 1904, the quiet town of Quincy was shocked to learn of Bessie Bement's suicide, after the young woman sought help from a witch doctor to break a hex. In turn-of-the-century Chicago, Lauron William de Laurence's occult publishing house churned out manuals for performing bizarre rituals intended to attract love and exact revenge. For the first time in print, Michael Kleen presents the full story of the Prairie State's dalliance with the dark arts.
This book addresses the over-prescribing of antidepressants in people with mostly mild and subthreshold depression. It outlines the steep increase in antidepressant prescription and critically examines the current scientific evidence on the efficacy and safety of antidepressants in depression. The book is not only concerned with the conflicting views as to whether antidepressants are useful or ineffective in various forms of depression, but also aims at detailing how flaws in the conduct and reporting of antidepressant trials have led to an overestimation of benefits and underestimation of harms. The transformation of the diagnostic concept of depression from a rare but serious disorder to an over-inclusive, highly prevalent but predominantly mild and self-limiting disorder is central to the books argument. It maintains that biological reductionism in psychiatry and pharmaceutical marketing reframed depression as a brain disorder, corroborating the overemphasis on drug treatment in both research and practice. Finally, the author goes on to explore how pharmaceutical companies have distorted the scientific literature on the efficacy and safety of antidepressants and how patient advocacy groups, leading academics, and medical organisations with pervasive financial ties to the industry helped to promote systematically biased benefit-harm evaluations, affecting public attitudes towards antidepressants as well as medical education, training, and practice.
Publisher's Note: Products purchased from Third Party sellers are not guaranteed by the publisher for quality, authenticity, or access to any online entitlements included with the product. 25+ additional chapters available online! The classic guide to driving optimal patient outcomes using evidence-based medication therapies—updated with the latest advances and guidelines Presented in full color, Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiologic Approach, 11th Edition helps you deliver the highest-quality patient care through evidence-based medication therapy derived from sound pharmacotherapeutic principles. It takes you beyond drug indications and dosages, showing how to properly select, administer, and monitor drugs—everything you need to provide safe, effective drug therapy across all therapeutic categories. With all-new monitoring tables and authoritative content from 300 expert contributors, this new edition has been fully updated to reflect the latest evidence-based information and recommendations. You’ll find Key Concepts at the beginning of each chapter, Clinical Presentation tables that summarize disease signs and symptoms, and Clinical Controversies boxes that examine the complicated issues faced by students and clinicians in providing drug therapy. Why Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiologic Approach is perfect for students, pharmacists, and other healthcare providers: • All chapters provide the most current, reliable, and relevant information available. • Key concepts kick off every chapter. • Clinical Presentation Tables summarize disease signs and symptoms. • The majority of sections include personalized pharmacotherapy content. • Clinical Controversies Boxes clarify the most complex drug therapy issues you’ll face. • Diagnostic flow diagrams, treatment algorithms, dosing recommendations, and monitoring approaches have been updated in full color to distinguish treatment pathways. • Most disease-oriented chapters are enhanced by updated evidence-based treatment guidelines, which often include ratings of the level of evidence to support key therapeutic approaches. • Instructors who adopt this text are eligible for a PowerPoint presentation of all images and answers to Self-Assessment Questions! The most trusted guide of its kind for decades, Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiologic Approach is the go-to text for students and practitioners seeking clear, objective coverage of core pathophysiologic and therapeutic elements.
The law relating to general defences is one of the most important areas in the criminal law, yet the current state of the law in the United Kingdom reveals significant problems in the adoption of a consistent approach to their doctrinal and theoretical underpinnings, as exemplified by a number of recent developments in legislation and case law. A coherent and joined-up approach is still missing. This volume provides an analysis of the main contentious areas in British law, and proposes ways forward for reform. The collection includes contributions from leading experts across various jurisdictions. Part I examines the law in the United Kingdom, with specialist contributions on Irish and Scottish law. Part II consists of contributions by authors from a number of foreign jurisdictions, all written to a common research grid for maximum comparability, which provide a wider background of how other legal systems treat problems relating to general defences in the context of the criminal law, and which may serve as points of reference for domestic law reform.
A Doody's Core Title for 2023! The #1 Textbook in Pharmacotherapy providing optimal patient outcomes using evidence-based medication therapies—updated with the latest advances and guidelines For more than 30 years, DiPiro’s Pharmacotherapy has been the essential textbook for learning how to properly select, administer, and monitor drugs―everything needed to provide safe, effective drug therapy across all therapeutic categories. This new edition has been fully updated with the latest evidence-based information and recommendations. With content from 300 expert contributors, this valuable resource offers detailed descriptions of common and uncommon disease states, including treatment by pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic means. Each disease chapter opens with a Patient Care Process, helping readers understand the collaborative care model in which pharmacists work and communicate with other healthcare providers for effective coordinated care. Here's why DiPiro's Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiologic Approach is the perfect learning tool for students, pharmacists, and other healthcare providers: All chapters provide the most current, reliable, and relevant information available Key concepts are included at the beginning of each chapter Clinical Presentation boxes concisely outline disease signs and symptoms New: Beyond the Book feature points readers to multimedia resources to deepen their understanding of the material Diagnostic flow diagrams, treatment algorithms, dosing guideline recommendations, and monitoring approaches clearly distinguish treatment pathways New: Drug monitoring tables have been added Patient care process boxes help readers know how to communicate with other health care providers New: Additional FREE E-Chapters are available on AccessPharmacy New: Over 2000 Review Questions to help prepare students!
The biography of a politician who was a key figure in the developlment of American diplomacy for nearly forty years, served as Secretary of State, and was the grandfather of John Foster Dulles.
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