This is the first and only study of the PIAB. As foreign policy veterans, the authors trace the board's history from Eisenhower through Obama and evaluate its effectiveness under each president. Created to be an independent panel of nonpartisan experts, the PIAB has become increasingly susceptible to politics in recent years and has lost some of its influence. The authors clearly demonstrate the board's potential to offer a unique and valuable perspective on intelligence issues and not only illuminates a little-known element of U.S. intelligence operations but also offers suggestions for enhancing a critical executive function.
This challenging but accessible book critically examines the dominant food regime on its own terms, by seriously asking whether we can afford cheap food and exploring what exactly cheap food affords us. Detailing the numerous ways that food has become reduced to a state, such as a price per ounce, combination of nutrients, yield per acre, or calories, the book argues for a more contextual understanding of food when debating its affordability. The author makes a compelling case for why today's global food system produces just the opposite of what it promises. The food produced under this regime is in fact exceedingly expensive. Thus meat production and consumption are inefficient uses of resources and contribute to climate change; the use of pesticides in industrial-scale agriculture may produce cheap food, but there are hidden costs to environmental protection, human health and biodiversity conservation. Many of these costs will be paid for by future generations – cheap food today may mean expensive food tomorrow. By systematically assessing these costs the book delves into issues related, but not limited, to international development, national security, health care, industrial meat production, organic farming, corporate responsibility, government subsidies, food aid and global commodity markets. The book concludes by suggesting ways forward, going beyond the usual solutions such as farmers markets, community supported agriculture, and community gardens. Exploding the myth of cheap food requires we have at our disposal a host of practices and policies. Some of those proposed and explored include microloans, subsidies for consumers, vertical agriculture, and the democratization of subsidies for producers.
This work examines the development of the ideas behind the theory of interdependent economic, political and military relations with the nations of Central America. It considers how policy-makers defined interdependence and how they went about accomplishing their goals.
An exceptionally wide-ranging and balanced examination of American culture in the 1950s. Johns spans the cultural horizon from food and clothing to music, literature, art, architecture and politics. In highly readable prose, he transmits his enthusiasm for the subject and conveys the sights, sounds, and smells of ordinary everyday life in America a generation ago. His book will be important to anyone seriously studying this crucial and largely misunderstood period in American life."—Alan Ehrenhalt, author of The Lost City: The Forgotten Virtues of Community in America.
The South is today, as it always has been, the key to understanding American society, its politics, its constitutional anomalies and government structure, its culture, its social relations, its music and literature, its media focus, its blind spots, and virtually everything else. The Golden Key argues that much of what is important in American politics and society today was largely shaped by the successes and failures of the labor movements of the 1930s and 1940s, and most notably the failures of southern labor organizing during this period. It also argues that these failures, despite some important successes in organizing interracial unions, left the South (and consequentially much of the rest of the United States as well) racially backward and open to right-wing demagoguery. These failures have led to a nationwide decline in unionization, growing economic inequality, and overall failures to confront white supremacy head on. In an in-depth look at unexamined archival material and detailed data, The Golden key challenges established historiography, both telling a tale of race, radicalism, and betrayal and arguing that the outcome was not at all predetermined"--
Nations rise and fall, succeed or fail in rivalries, and enjoy stability or descend into chaos because of a complex web of factors that affect competitive advantage. One critical component is the package of essential social characteristics of a nation. The ultimate story of the Cold War is that the United States was simply a more competitive society than the Soviet Union: more energetic, more vibrant, more innovative, more productive, more legitimate. Through analysis of comparative studies of historical eras and trends, historical case studies, and the findings of issue-specific empirical research, the report explores how seven characteristics of a society determine its competitive standing and distinguish dynamic and competitively successful nations. If the history surveyed in this report provides an accurate guide to the future, the fate of the United States in today's rivalries will not be determined solely, or even in significant degree, by the numbers of its weapons or amounts of defense spending or how many proxy wars it wins but by the basic characteristics of its society. The author applies the seven leading characteristics that affect national standing to the United States to create a snapshot of where the country stands. That application provides some reason for optimism. The United States continues to reflect many of these characteristics, and the overall synergistic engine, more than any other large country in the world. However, multiple trends are working to weaken traditional U.S. advantages. Several, such as the corruption of the national information space, pose acute risks to the long-term dynamism and competitiveness of the nation, raising the worrying prospect that the United States has begun to display classic patterns of a major power on the far side of its dynamic and vital curve.
Imperial Military Transportation in British Asia sheds light on attempts by royal engineers to introduce innovations devised in the UK to wartime India, Iraq, and Burma, as well as the initial resistance of local groups of colonial railwaymen to such metropolitan innovations. Michael W. Charney looks at the role of the railways in the First Burma Campaign to show how some kinds of military technology – as an example of imperial knowledge – faced resistance due to 1930s-era colonial insularity. The delay this caused significantly compromised the early defense of the colony when the Japanese invaded in 1942. Charney examines the efforts made by one engineer in particular to revive the railways and shows how this effort was responsible for the development of a truly imperial technology that was suitable for extra-European contexts and finally won acceptance in India. Incorporating newly accessible primary source material from the files of the military Director of Transportation during the Campaign, this book highlights a hitherto unfilled gap in the archival record and explores an ignored but crucial aspect of the 1942 Japanese invasion of Burma.
Ever wondered what space can do for you? The next great leap forward in human innovation is here. Introducing . . . the Orbital Age. And it’s all happening in low-Earth orbit (LEO), a mere 250 miles above Earth’s surface—roughly the distance between Boston and New York. Before you know it, the journey from Earth to space will be an everyday flight, not just for astronauts but also for tomorrow’s business professionals. Even more exciting, the new commercial space era will transform life here on Earth, generating incredible medical breakthroughs like 3D-printed organs and new cures for diseases, as well as producing revolutionary computing advances and inventions we can scarcely yet imagine. In We Have Liftoff, positive futurist Michael Ashley and visionary space exploration leader Tom Vice envisage a near future where regular people live and work in space, exploring untold entrepreneurial opportunities and scientific developments. Switching between genres with each chapter, We Have Liftoff will take you on a unique, exciting voyage through a movie script filmed in space, a gourmet menu best consumed in microgravity, journals recording medical advances through 2088, and more—all to imagine the coming marvels of space travel. With insights from professionals revolutionizing the industry at Sierra Space, a leading space exploration company at the forefront of space innovation and commercialization, We Have Liftoff will show you what was once deemed science fiction will soon be reality.
A “deeply affecting” account of a community of students planning an extraordinary prom night (Entertainment Weekly). Journeying through “a year in the life of a suburban Pennsylvania public school,” Wonderland takes us to Pennsbury High, whose spring dance is a beloved tradition and a local legend (The New Yorker). It’s an inspiring true story of a dance floor, the kids who fill it, and the unpredictable ways that their lives intersect. The star quarterback hides the pain of not knowing where his father is. A student with cerebral palsy is desperate to learn to tie Eagle Scout knots, despite a useless left hand. Two teen parents search for a babysitter so they can attend the festivities. And then there is Bob Costa, who dreams of bringing glory to the school by convincing John Mayer, whose song “Your Body Is a Wonderland” is an anthem for the students, to perform at the prom. Poignant, humorous, and joyful, this is “a captivating story about a small-town” (The Philadelphia Inquirer). “Vivid, engaging . . . Something of a real-life teen soap: its intertwined storylines and folkloric personalities certainly draw you in the same way.” —The Atlantic Monthly “A book that is as good as it ever gets.” —Buzz Bissinger, author of Friday Night Lights
This work examines the development of the ideas behind the theory of interdependent economic, political and military relations with the nations of Central America. It considers how policy-makers defined interdependence and how they went about accomplishing their goals.
The 34th U.S. president to hold office, Dwight D. Eisenhower won America over with his irresistible I like Ike slogan. Bringing to the presidency his prestige as a commanding general during World War II, he worked incessantly during his two terms to ease the tensions of the cold war. Pursuing the moderate policies of Modern Republicanism, he left a legacy of a stronger and more powerful nation. From his crucial role in support of Brown v. Board of Education to the National Defense Education Act, The Eisenhower Years provides a well-balanced study of these politically charged years. Biographical entries on key figures of the Eisenhower era, such as Allen W. Dulles, Joseph R. McCarthy, and Rosa Parks, combine with speeches such as the Military Industrial Complex speech, the Open Skies proposal, the disturbance at Little Rock address, Eisenhower Doctrine, and his speech after the Soviet launch of Sputnik to give an in-depth look at the executive actions of this administration.
On July 12, 1964, in a momentous decision, the National Labor Relations Board decertified the racially segregated Independent Metal Workers Union as the collective bargaining agent at Houston’s mammoth Hughes Tool Company. The unanimous decision ending nearly fifty years of Jim Crow unionism at the company marked the first time in the Labor Board’s history that it ruled that racial discrimination by a union violated the National Labor Relations Act and was therefore illegal. The ruling was for black workers the equivalent of the Brown v. Board of Education decision by the Supreme Court in the area of education. Michael R. Botson carefully traces the Jim Crow unionism of the company and the efforts of black union activists to bring civil rights issues into the workplace. His analysis places Hughes Tool in the context created by the National Labor Relations Act and the formation of the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO). It clearly demonstrates that without federal intervention, workers at Hughes Tool would never have been able to overcome management’s opposition to unionization and to racial equality. Drawing on interviews with many of the principals, as well as extensive mining of company and legal archives, Botson’s study “captures a moment in time when a segment of Houston’s working-class seized the initiative and won economic and racial justice in their work place.”
Over 3,200 entries An essential guide to authors and their works that focuses on the general canon of British literature from the fifteenth century to the present. There is also some coverage of non-fiction such as biographies, memoirs, and science, as well as inclusion of major American and Commonwealth writers. This online-exclusive new edition adds 60,000 new words, including over 50 new entries dealing with authors who have risen to prominence in the last five years, as well as fully updating the entries that currently exist. Each entry provides details of a writer's nationality and birth/death dates, followed by a listing of their titles arranged chronologically by date of publication.
Most places in Britain have had a local history written about them. Up until this century these histories have addressed more parochial issues, such as the life of the manor, rather than explaining the features and changes in the landscape in a factual manner. Much of what is visible today in Britain's landscape is the result of a chain of social and natural processes, and can be interpreted through fieldwork as well as from old maps and documents. Michael Aston uses a wide range of source material to study the complex and dynamic history of the countryside, illustrating his points with aerial photographs, maps, plans and charts. He shows how to understand the surviving remains as well as offering his own explanations for how our landscape has evolved.
Have you ever thought of a new product – only to see it on retail shelves or in catalogs several years later?! Those profits or royalties could have been yours to enjoy – and this book was written just for you. One reader writes, "If you read and apply this book with an intent to learn, you will literally raise millions of dollars, make hundreds of thousands, and save thousands in the process. You must have this book." Just how do you profit from your heaven-sent ideas? The Witty Inventions Series™ will show you little-known secrets about Patents Provisional Patents Trademarks Copyrights Other forms of Intellectual Property International rights pertaining to the above assets The author has years of experience helping entrepreneurs and idea people start successful businesses and bring their products to market.
The inspiration for the NBC TV series "Rise," starring Josh Radnor, Auli'i Cravalho, and Rosie Perez — the incredible and true story of an extraordinary drama teacher who has changed the lives of thousands of students and inspired a town. By the author of The Last Temptation of Rick Pitino. Why would the multimillionaire producer of Cats, The Phantom of the Opera, and Miss Saigon take his limo from Manhattan to the struggling former steel town of Levittown, Pennsylvania, to see a high school production of Les Misérables? To see the show performed by the astoundingly successful theater company at Harry S Truman High School, run by its legendary director, Lou Volpe. Broadway turns to Truman High when trying out controversial shows such as Rent and Spring Awakening before they move on to high school theater programs across the nation. Volpe’s students from this blue-collar town go on to become Emmy-winning producers, entertainment executives, newscasters, and community-theater founders. Michael Sokolove, a Levittown native and former student of Volpe’s, chronicles the drama director’s last school years and follows a group of student actors as they work through riveting dramas both on and off the stage. This is a story of an economically depressed but proud town finding hope in a gifted teacher and the magic of theater.
This second edition reflects the many advances that have taken place in this field, particularly in imaging and recording techniques. The majority of the chapters in this edition of "The Cognitive Neurosciences" are new, and those from the first edition have been rewritten and updated.
WIWAK is an unconventional look at Baby Boomers growing up in a revolutionary new housing development, Levittown, Pa. It details the goings-on of thousands of ordinary kids whose experiences were unlike those of any others, before or since. Up until now, this unique time period has been glossed over and stereotyped. But readers of this compilation, whether nostalgic Boomers, curious kids, or social historians, will come away with a totally different outlook. "This book is funny, revealing, and sometimes irreverent, and covers a period I wouldn't have believe happened, if it hadn't happen When I Was A Kid.
Archaeology: Basic Field Methods introduces archaeological field methods and provides a basis for understanding the links between the nature of archaeological evidence, the recognition of that evidence in the field, and the techniques involved in the search for and recovery of archaeological evidence in a variety of settings. Outstanding Features: Provides a basic introduction to sediments, soils, stratigraphy, and geomorphology. Discusses ethical concerns and codes of professional conduct. Discusses cultural resource management (CRM) and its impact on the practice of field archaeology. Contains exercises and discussion questions at the end of each chapter.
The Buried Past presents the most significant archaeological discoveries made in one of America's most historic cities. Based on more than thirty years of intensive archaeological investigations in the greater Philadelphia area, this study contains the first record of many nationally important sites linking archaeological evidence to historical documentation, including Interdependence and Valley Forge National Historical Parks. It provides an archaeological tour through the houses and life-ways of both the great figures and the common people. It reveals how people dined, what vessels and dishes they used, and what their trinkets (and secret sins) were.
Cowfold: the history of a Sussex village is a detailed account of the over 780 year life of the village, from very earliest times to the present day. Equally it is the story of the people who have lived in and around the village and have made it what it is today. Cowfold village has never been the subject of startling or momentous historical events. Rather it is a typical Sussex village where life has followed a well-defined, familiar and easy pattern over the centuries of its existence; that is the village’s charm and its legacy. This book records Cowfold’s history through pictures, photographs, and the charming memories of a number of those who have witnessed, as school children and adults, the changes to village life over the last 90 years. It chronicles the development of the village from a small settlement in a clearing in surrounding dense woodland (the origin of the name “Cowfold”), through the emerging village growing up around its Church and heavily influenced by the surrounding farms and nearby manors, to the self-sustaining community of the 19th and early to mid-20th century, and to the diverse and thriving village of today. This book is a tribute to, and legacy of, that development and those people, past and present.
The saga of a fierce business rivalry: “Absorbing, well-written . . . will appeal to American history scholars and railroad enthusiasts.” —Choice The Pennsylvania and the New York Central railroads helped to develop central Pennsylvania as the largest source of bituminous coal for the nation. By the late nineteenth century, the two lines were among America’s largest businesses and would soon become legendary archrivals. The PRR first arrived in the 1860s. Within a few years, it was sourcing as much as four million tons of coal annually from Centre County and the Moshannon Valley and would continue do so for a quarter-century. The New York Central, through its Beech Creek Railroad affiliate, invaded the region in the 1880s, first seeking a dependable, long-term source of coal to fuel its locomotives but soon aggressively attempting to break its rival’s lock on transporting the area’s immense wealth of mineral and forest products. Beginning around 1900, the two companies transitioned from an era of growth and competition to a time when each tacitly recognized the other’s domain and sought to achieve maximum operating efficiencies by adopting new technology such as air brakes, automatic couplers, all-steel cars, and diesel locomotives. Over the next few decades, each line began to face common problems in the form of competition from other forms of transportation and government regulation—and in 1968, the two businesses merged. Branch Line Empires offers a thorough and captivating analysis of how a changing world turned competition into cooperation between two railroad industry titans. Includes photographs
The relationship between the United States and Japan is torn by contrary impulses. We face each other across the Pacific as friends and allies, as the two most powerful economies in the world--and as suspicious rivals. Americans admire the industry of the Japanese, but we resent the huge trade deficit that has developed between us, due to what we consider to be unfair trade practices and "unlevel playing fields." Now, in Altered States, historian Michael Schaller strips away the stereotypes and misinformation clouding American perceptions of Japan, providing the historical background that helps us make sense of this important relationship. Here is an eye-opening history of U.S.-Japan relations from the end of World War II to the present, revealing its rich depths and startling complexities. Perhaps Schaller's most startling revelation is that modern Japan is what we made it--that most of what we criticize in Japan's behavior today stems directly from U.S. policy in the 1950s. Indeed, as the book shows, for seven years after the end of the war, our occupational forces exerted enormous influence over the shape and direction of Japan's economic future. Stunned by the Communist victory in China and the outbreak of war in Korea, and fearful that Japan might form ties with Mao's China, the U.S. encouraged the rapid development of the Japanese economy, protecting the huge industrial conglomerates and creating new bureaucracies to direct growth. Thus Japan's government-guided, export-driven economy was nurtured by our own policy. Moreover, the United States fretted about Japan's economic weakness--that they would become dependent on us--and sought to expand Tokyo's access to markets in the very areas it had just tried to conquer, the old Co Prosperity Sphere. Schaller documents how, as the Cold War deepened throughout the 1950s, Washington showered money on what it saw as the keystone of the eastern shore of Asia, working assiduously to expand the Japanese economy and, in fact, worrying intensely over the American trade surplus. Fear of Japanese instability ran so deep that Presidents Eisenhower, Kennedy, and Johnson approved secret financial help to Japanese conservative politicians, some of whom had been accused of war crimes against Americans. Then came the 1960s, and the surplus faded into a deficit. The book reveals how Washington's involvement in Vietnam provided the Japanese government with political cover for quietly pursuing a more independent course. Even in the 1970s, however, with America's one time ward turned into an economic powerhouse, the Nixon administration failed to pay much attention to Tokyo. Schaller shows that Kissinger openly preferred the more charismatic company of Zhou Enlai to that of Japanese technocrats, while economics bored him. The United States almost missed the fact that Japan had developed into a country that could say no, and very loudly. Michael Schaller has won widespread acclaim for his earlier books on U. S. relations with Asia. His fearless judgments, his fluid pen, his depth of knowledge and research have all lifted him to the front rank of historians writing today. In Altered States, he illuminates the most important, and troubled, relationship in the world in a work certain to cement his reputation.
Mike Viola’s work has universal appeal, having as its subject the daily events and situations that touch the lives of people everywhere. During his long career with The Philadelphia Inquirer, he met and conquered the challenge of every assignment. In this publications, twelve categories and approximately 350 photographs are presented to give the reader insight into the scope of Mike’s work. Even in what sometimes seemed like an “ordinary” assignment became the extraordinary front page photograph in the hands (and heart) of this master photographer. The photographs in this volume were taken by staff photographer Mike Viola for The Philadelphia Inquirer from 1964 to 1988. As they sipped their morning coffee, readers were accustomed to seeing the familiar byline under a photograph that, indeed needed no byline. Whatever the subject, there was no mistaken his inimitable style. Aside from their newsworthy content, Mike’s black and white prints are perfect studies in form, contrast, mood and balance. When he was just 13 and living in rural Brazos County, Texas, Mike received a small Kodak camera. He looked through its viewfinder and clicked the shutter, but had no idea the role it would play in his life. Four years later the Navy offered him an opportunity to serve as a photographer’s striker aboard the USS Miami and the click of that small Kodak camera resounded again and again throughout a career dedicated to excellence. Mike Viola served in the Navy from 1944 to 1947. He photographed activity in the Pacific and participated in Operation Crossroads aboard the carrier USS Saidor as photographic specialist in connection with the Bikini Atomic Bomb tests in July 1946. In 1964, Mike won the Look Magazine Sports Photo Award and throughout his twenty-five years as a staff photographer with The Philadelphia Inquirer, has won numerous awards given by the Press Photographers Association of Philadelphia, The Pennsylvania Press Photographers Association, the Pennsylvania Newspaper Publishers Association, the Associated Press Managing Editors of Pennsylvania, the New Jersey Press Association, the National Headliners Awards and the Society of Professional Journalist, Sigma Delta Chi. Mike was also a member of The Inquirer staff team awarded the Pulitzer Prize in 1980, for their report on the Three Mile Island accident. Mike Viola is retired and lives in Philadelphia with his wife Kitty of 62 years, and their two Pomeranians, Coco and Bindi.
The escaping bear whod had enough of being a Victorian showpiece; tragedy narrowly averted over the skies of Wakefield when an aeronaut lost control of his balloon in 1827; secret passages and hidden relics; and dark tales of determined apparitions and boggarts are among many enchanting stories told within the pages of Wakefield Then & Now: Extraordinary Tales from the Merrie City.In this fascinating book about his home city, Michael J. Rochford has gathered dozens of intriguing accounts from the annals of Wakefield folklore, presenting a quirky and insightful historical tour. Captivating images from times long forgotten in the form of early photographs, topographical drawings and romanticized paintings bring the stories to life before your eyes, as modern photographs contrast how things were with how the proud city appears today.So, take a step into the past and journey through Wakefield, learning about Robert Hood and his wife Matilda; the towns beloved Cliff Tree; prison breaks; medieval houses; a burning school; Westgates long-lost burial ground; shocking floods and tumultuous riots; Victorian winter fairs and Christmas traditions; the butchers doorstop that turned out to be a Saxon cross, and much more
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