The world of contemporary American infants and young children is saturated with inappropriate images of American Indians. American Indian Stereotypes in the World of Children reveals and discusses these images and cultural stereotypes through writings like Kathy Kerner's previously unpublished essay on Thanksgiving and an essay by Dr. Cornell Pewewardy on Disney's Pocahontas film. This edition incorporates new writings and recent developments, such as a chronology documenting changes associated with the mascot issue, along with information on state legislation. Other new material incorporates powerful commentary by Native American veterans, who speak to the issue of stereotyping against their people in the military. Also includes a new expanded annotated bibliography.
In the two decades after their defeat by the United States in the Creek War in 1814, the Creek Indians of Georgia and Alabama came under increasing?ultimately irresistible?pressure from state and federal governments to abandon their homeland and retreat westward. That historic move came in 1836. This study, based heavily on a wide variety of primary sources, is distinguished for its Creek perspective on tribal affairs during a period of upheaval.
A description of the structural and functional adaptations of the key organs such as skin, kidneys, bladder, lungs and ovaries, with special emphasis placed on physiological adaptations: water, electrolyte, nitrogen, and thermal balance and their endocrine control. One whole chapter devoted to ecological aspects covers such exciting topics as development and metamorphosis, larval competition for food resources, and reproductive strategies.
We can often improve the outcomes of decisions in various social contexts as we become more familiar with the motives and strategies of other decision makers. However, the underlying neural mechanisms responsible for such learning remain poorly understood. The neural substrates of learning during social decision making have been studied at the level of single neurons in non-human primates trained in computer-simulated competitive games. The results from these studies have revealed that similar to humans, monkeys adjust their decision-making strategies using both model-free and model-based reinforcement learning algorithms. Neurophysiological recordings also indicate that these computational algorithms are supported by the broad network of cortical and subcortical areas, including the prefrontal cortex, posterior parietal cortex, basal ganglia, and superior colliculus.
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