This book provides an overview on the latest advances in the synthesis, properties and applications of polymeric eco-composites and eco-nanocomposites reinforced natural fibers (e.g. pulp-fiber, flax, etc.) and nanofillers (e.g. organoclay, nano-SiC, etc.). Potential challenges and future directions of these composites are highlighted and addressed. This book offers numerous graphs and electron micrographs for easy understanding by students, researchers and practicing engineers.
Decentralization as a method for tackling regional disparities has been implemented in countries throughout the world in the last two decades. Some scholars have noticed that decentralization is a multi-dimensional concept. However, there is still no consensus about the dimensions’ selection. In this book, based on the measurable and comparable principles, the relationships between three dimensions of fiscal, administrative and welfare decentralization are considered, and the evolution of regional inequalities in OECD countries and in China are explored. Economic data of 26 OECD countries (17 relatively rich countries, and 9 relatively poor ones) during the period from 1996 to 2009 was used to formulate regression models. It was found that fiscal decentralization, especially the decentralizing of tax authorities in relatively backward countries, has been associated with a significant rise in regional disparities. Moreover, according to the statistical results for the countries in the sample, welfare centralization and suitable local government size can lead to a reduction in regional disparities. In the case of China, data analysis and institutional one were paired in order to assess the dynamic relationships between decentralization and regional disparities (from the three dimensions mentioned above). An unstable, nonstandard and asymmetrical fiscal decentralization system directly results in regional disparities, which can be strengthened by a highly decentralized public service delivery system. In addition, rigid government size, segmented government structures and ‘yardstick’ competition mechanisms (used for creating competition among local governments) hinder coordination and cooperation in and among regions, and further exacerbate regional disparities.
This book offers a theoretically informed empirical investigation of national media reporting and political discourse on environmental issues in Australia, China and Japan. It illuminates the risks, harms and responsibilities associated with climate change through an analysis of pollution, adopting an interdisciplinary approach drawing on both the social sciences and humanities. A particular strength of the work is the detailed analysis of the data using a range of both quantitative and qualitative techniques, enabling the authors to reveal in rich and compelling detail the complex relationship between risk and responsibility in the climate change discourse. The case studies of Australia, China and Japan are set in the current literature as well as in the historical context of climate change in these three countries. The analysis of the media discourse on the Great Barrier Reef in Australia demonstrates how the mining of coal for overseas markets has led to devastating harm to the life of the reef. A critical discussion of the Chinese documentary, Under the Dome, shows how this medium has played a crucial role in building awareness of the harm from atmospheric pollution among the citizens, shaping attitudes and promoting action. The first case study of Japan elucidates how cross-border atmospheric pollution from China forges a chain of responsibility for responding to climate change, running from the state to society. The other case study of Japan demonstrates how ‘smart cities’ have emerged as a way to mitigate the risks and harms of climate change. The Conclusion draws together the similarities and differences in how climate change is addressed in the three countries. In all, Environmental Pollution and the Media: Political Discourses of Risk and Responsibility in Australia, China and Japan uncovers the dynamics of the triadic relationship among risk, harm and climate change in Australia, China and Japan. By so doing, the book makes an original and timely contribution to understanding comparative media, discourse and political debates on climate change.
It is arguable that the most important event in the world economy in recent decades has been the rise of China, from being on a par with Sub Sahara Africa at the start of economic reform to being an economic superpower today. That rise remains under-researched. Moreover, the great structural changes which accompanied economic growth require examination. The nationally representative China Household Income Project (CHIP) surveys, conducted for the years 1988, 1995, 2002, 2007, 2013, and 2018, permit a detailed examination of many important aspects of a country's economic development. Much of the analysis of this Element is closely related to, and largely caused by, China's remarkable economic growth and income distribution over the thirty years. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
Explore all the core components for the commercialization of quantum dot light emitting diodes Quantum dot light emitting diodes (QDLEDs) are a technology with the potential to revolutionize solid-state lighting and displays. Due to the many applications of semiconductor nanocrystals, of which QDLEDs are an example, they also hold the potential to be adapted into other emerging semiconducting technologies. As a result, it is critical that the next generation of engineers and materials scientists understand these diodes and their latest developments. Colloidal Quantum Dot Light Emitting Diodes: Materials and Devices offers a comprehensive introduction to this subject and its most recent research advancements. Beginning with a summary of the theoretical foundations and the basic methods for chemically synthesizing colloidal semiconductor quantum dots, it identifies existing and future applications for these groundbreaking technologies. The result is tailored to produce a thorough understanding of this area of research. Colloidal Quantum Dot Light Emitting Diodes readers will also find: An author with decades of experience in the field of organic electronics Detailed discussion of topics including advanced display technologies, the patent portfolio and commercial considerations, and more Strategies and design techniques for improving device performance Colloidal Quantum Dot Light Emitting Diodes is ideal for material scientists, electronics engineers, inorganic and solid-state chemists, solid-state and semiconductor physicists, photochemists, and surface chemists, as well as the libraries that support these professionals.
The current social reality and changing global forces and spaces are inspiring the rethinking, refining, and re-empowering of the world social sciences to broach the frontiers of human knowledge, enhance mutual understanding across cultures and civilizations, and shape a better world. Taking Tsinghua University’s sociology as a case, this book concentrates on how internationalization shapes disciplinary development in a global context of asymmetrical academic relations. This inquiry is set amidst China’s dramatic economic, social, political, and cultural transformations, as well as the institutional reforms in this Chinese flagship university. This book seeks to probe how Chinese and Western knowledge, institutions, and cultures are integrated in the ongoing process of internationalization and concentrates on the disciplinary evolution of Tsinghua’s sociology—intellectually, institutionally, and culturally—drawing on top-down higher education policy and bottom-up perceptions and experiences of Tsinghua’s social scientists. This book highlights that higher education internationalization is an evolving process whose advanced phase would require Chinese social scientists to bring China to the world. It is time for Tsinghua University to reassess the long-term impact of internationalization on its academic disciplines and provide sufficient support for the development of the social sciences.This book will attract academics, practitioners, and postgraduate students interested in higher education internationalization, international academic relations, global constellation and distribution of academic power, academic knowledge production, and the development and intellectual influences of the Chinese social sciences.
Despite flourishing economic interactions and deepening interdependence, the current political and diplomatic relationship between Japan and China remains lukewarm at best. Indeed, bilateral relations reached an unprecedented nadir during the spring of 2005, and again more recently in autumn 2012, as massive anti-Japanese demonstrations across Chinese cities elicited corresponding incidents of popular anti-Chinese reprisal in Japan. This book systematically explores the complex dynamics that shape contemporary Japanese-Chinese relations. In particular, it analyses the so-called ‘revival’ of nationalism in post-Cold War Japan, its causality in redefining Japan’s external policy orientations, and its impact on the atmosphere of the bilateral relationship. Further, by adopting a neoclassical realist model of state behaviour and preferences, Lai Yew Meng examines two highly visible bilateral case studies: the Japanese-Chinese debacle over prime ministerial visits to Yasukuni Shrine, and the multi-dimensional dispute in the East China Sea which comprises the Senkaku/Diaoyudao territorial row, alleged Chinese maritime incursions, and bilateral competition for energy resources. Through these examples, this book explores whether nationalism really matters; when, and under what circumstances nationalism becomes most salient; and the extent to which the emotional dimensions of nationalism manifest most profoundly in Japanese state-elites’ policy decision-making. This timely book will be of great interest to students and scholars of both Japanese and Chinese politics, as well as those interested in international relations, nationalism, foreign policy and security studies more broadly.
Organic Electronics for Electrochromic Materials and Devices Explore this comprehensive overview of organic electrochromic materials and devices from a leading voice in the industry Organic Electronics for Electrochromic Materials and Devices delivers a complete discussion of the major and key topics related to the phenomenon of electrochromism. The text covers the history of organic electrochromism, its fundamental principles, different types of electrochromic materials, the development of device structures and multi-function devices, characterizations of device performance, modern applications of electrochromic devices, and prospects for future electrochromic devices. The distinguished author places a strong focus on recent research results from universities and private firms from around the world and addresses the issues and challenges faced by those who apply organic electrochromic technology in the real world. With these devices quickly becoming the go-to display technology in the field of electronic information, this resource will quickly become indispensable to all who work or study in the field of optics. Readers will also benefit from the inclusion of: A thorough introduction to organic electrochromism, including its history and the mechanisms of electrochromic devices An exploration of polymer electrolytes for electrochromic applications, including their requirements and types A discussion of electrochromic small molecules, including the development of technology in viologen materials, fluoran and fluorescein dyes, violene-cyanine hybrids, triarylamine molecules and liquid crystal electrochromic materials. A perspective analysis of the redox-active conjugated polymers and triarylamine based non-conjugated polymers applied in electrochromic devices A treatment of Prussian blue and metallohexacyanates, including their backgrounds, technology development, crystal structures, synthesis, nanocomposites, and assembled electrochromic devices Perfect for materials scientists, polymer chemists, organic chemists, physical chemists, and inorganic chemists, Organic Electronics for Electrochromic Materials and Devices will also earn a place in the libraries of physicists and those who work in the optical industry who seek a one-stop reference that covers all aspects of organic electrochromic materials.
In Monks in Motion, Jack Meng-Tat Chia explores why Buddhist monks migrated from China to Southeast Asia, and how they participated in transregional Buddhist networks across the South China Sea. This book tells the story of three prominent monks--Chuk Mor (1913-2002), Yen Pei (1917-1996), and Ashin Jinarakkhita (1923-2002)--and examines the connected history of Buddhist communities in China and maritime Southeast Asia in the twentieth century.
Modern Mandarin Chinese is a two-year undergraduate course for students with no prior background in Chinese study. Designed to build a strong foundation in both the spoken and written language, it develops all the basic skills such as pronunciation, character writing, word use, and structures, while placing a strong emphasis on the development of communicative skills. Each level of the course consists of a textbook and workbook in simplified Chinese. A free companion website provides all the audio for the course with a broad range of interactive exercises and additional resources for students’ self-study, along with a comprehensive instructor’s guide with teaching tips, assessment and homework material, and a full answer key. Key changes to this new edition: An increased number of vocabulary and characters introduced. 255 characters are introduced in this second edition for active production. Dialogues and example sentences are also presented in full-character format for passive recognition, and to provide additional challenge for more advanced students. Additional exercises in the workbooks and online to support the expanded number of words and characters incorporated into the textbooks. New cross-references between the textbooks, workbooks, and companion website facilitate using all the resources in an integrated manner. Greatly enhanced and re-designed website. Retaining its focus on communicative skills and the long-term retention of characters, the text is now presented in simplified characters and pinyin from the outset with a gradual and phased removal of pinyin as specific characters are introduced and learnt. This unique approach allows students to benefit from the support of pinyin in the initial stages as they begin speaking while ensuring they are guided and supported towards reading only in characters.
Perovskite Light Emitting Diodes An introduction to revolutionary display technology Perovskite Light Emitting Diodes, commonly referred to as Pe-LEDs, leverage a perovskite nanocrystal core to engender a luminous and efficient diode, holding the potential to bring about a paradigm shift in the realm of display technology. In recent times, Pe-LEDs have garnered substantial industrial interest due to their intrinsic capability to exhibit a diverse array of colors with exceptional fidelity, their operation at low voltage thresholds, and their straightforward structural composition. The prospective implications for enabling cost-effective, heightened-performance flat-panel displays as well as flexible display solutions remain notably profound. Perovskite Light Emitting Diodes: Materials and Devices presents a comprehensive and insightful overview of these diodes and their multifaceted applications. Commencing with an incisive exploration of the historical trajectory of this technology, alongside a delineation of its foundational materials and intricate device architectures, this compendium provides a gateway into both contemporaneous state-of-the-art deployments and the vanguard of ongoing research endeavors directed towards charting future advancements. Perovskite Light Emitting Diodes readers will also find: Stability analysis for different Pe-LED devices, a key aspect of creating physical displays Authorship by an established expert in organic electronics Detailed discussion of perovskite preparation methods including ultrasonic, solvent heat, thermal injection, and many more Perovskite Light Emitting Diodes is ideal for materials scientists, electrical engineers, solid state chemists, solid state physicists, inorganic chemists, and any researchers or engineers working with display technology.
Written by Chinese authors who having both successfully completed Masters degrees and PhDs and become lecturers at UK universities, are equipped to provide Chinese students with straightforward guidance to help overcome the cultural and language difficulties they are confronted with, and to support them in their undertaking of the research methods section of their dissertations. The book comprehensively covers both the theory and practice and includes a number of features to support learning including: Chinese translations of key concepts and definitions Tips about how to use different methods in the Chinese context Clear definitions of key terms Short illustrative examples A list of useful resources about Chinese research The book also features examples of Chinese research from the authors’ own work and from top journals to illustrate how the methods can be applied in the Chinese context. Suitable reading for undergraduate and postgraduate students across all business and management disciplines.
Fragmented Memories and Screening Nostalgia for the Cultural Revolution argues that films and TV dramas about the Cultural Revolution made after China’s accession to the WTO in 2001 tend to represent personal memories in a markedly sentimental, nostalgic, and fragmented manner. This new trend is a significant departure from earlier films about the subject, which are generally interpreted as national allegories, not private expressions of grief, regret or other personal feelings. With China entering a postsocialist era, the ideological conflation of socialism and global capitalism has generated enough cultural ambiguity to allow a space for the expression of personalized reminiscences of the past. By presenting these personal memories—in effect alternative narratives to official history—on screen, individuals now seem to have some agency in narrating and constructing history. At the same time such autonomy can be easily undermined since the promotion of the sentiment of nostalgia is often subjected to commodification. Sentimental treatments of the past may simply be a marketing strategy. Underplaying political issues is also a ‘safer’ way for films and TV dramas to secure public release in mainland China. Meng concludes that the new mode of representing the past is shaped by the current sociopolitical conditions: these personal memories and micro-narratives can be understood as the defining ways of remembering in China’s postsocialist era. ‘Fragmented Memories and Screening Nostalgia for the Cultural Revolution takes a comprehensive look at contemporary screen depictions of the Cultural Revolution. The book convincingly ties close readings of the works analysed with broader social and cultural phenomena that already are hot topics of study and debate, offering something original while also being closely engaged with existing scholarship.’ —Jason McGrath, University of Minnesota ‘Breaking through the tired dichotomy between personal and collective narratives, individual memory and grand history, this refreshing book sheds much light on film memories of the Cultural Revolution in the post-socialist millennium. In a limpid and engaging style, Jing Meng probes memory’s nostalgia and imbrication with the collective destiny, and critiques the personal focus aligned with neoliberal economy and commodification.’ —Ban Wang, Stanford University
This book traces the development of video (especially short video, duan shipin) in China over the past few years, exploring how these videos engaged with China’s rapidly changing society, how they enriched existed theories of society, media and communication, and new theories to be extracted. The book offers a new, critical model for understanding the relationship between video, video theory, video industry and the State. This book sheds light on the overall description and explanation of the current socio-political, economic and cultural environment concerning the development of video (especially short video). It interprets the emergence of the “Social Videolization” through the subjects of media psychology, communication studies and cultural criticism, media industrial studies, sociology and anthropology.
Applications, 2nd Edition focuses on moving object management, from the location management perspective to determining how constantly changing locations affect the traditional database and data mining technology. The book specifically describes the topics of moving objects modeling and location tracking, indexing and querying, clustering, location uncertainty, traffic-aware navigation and privacy issues, as well as the application to intelligent transportation systems. Through the book, the readers will be made familiar with the cutting-edge technologies in moving object management that can be effectively applied in LBS and transportation contexts. The second edition of this book significantly expands the coverage of the latest research on location privacy, traffic-aware navigation and uncertainty. The book has also been reorganized, with nearly all chapters rewritten, and several new chapters have been added to address the latest topics on moving objects management. Xiaofeng Meng is a professor at the School of Information, Renmin University of China; Zhiming Ding is a professor at the Institute of Software, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ISCAS); Jiajie Xu is an assistant professor at the ISCAS.
This book offers an analytical account of the consensus and contestations of the politics of Chinese media at both institutional and discursive levels. It considers the formal politics of how the Chinese state manages political communication internally and externally in the post-socialist era, and examines the politics of news media, focusing particularly on how journalists navigate the competing demands of the state, the capital and the urban middle class readership. The book also addresses the politics of entertainment media, in terms of how power operates upon and within media culture, and the politics of digital networks, highlighting how the Internet has become the battlefield of ideological contestation while also shaping how political negotiations are conducted. Bearing in mind the contemporary relevance of China’s socialist revolution, this text challenges both the liberal universalist view that presupposes ‘the end of history’ and various versions of China exceptionalism, which downplay the impact of China’s integration into global capitalism.
Advanced Rehabilitative Technology: Neural Interfaces and Devices teaches readers how to acquire and process bio-signals using biosensors and acquisition devices, how to identify the human movement intention and decode the brain signal, how to design physiological and musculoskeletal models and establish the neural interfaces, and how to develop neural devices and control them efficiently using biological signals. The book takes a multidisciplinary theme between the engineering and medical field, including sections on neuromuscular/brain signal processing, human motion and intention recognition, biomechanics modelling and interfaces, and neural devices and control for rehabilitation. Each chapter goes through a detailed description of the bio-mechatronic systems used and then presents implementation and testing tactics. In addition, it details new neural interfaces and devices, some of which have never been published before in any journals or conferences. With this book, readers will quickly get up-to-speed on the most recent and future advancements in bio-mechatronics engineering for applications in rehabilitation. - Presents insights into emerging technologies and developments that are currently used or on the horizon in biological systems and mechatronics for rehabilitative purposes - Gives a comprehensive background of biological interfaces and details of new advances in the field - Addresses the challenges of rehabilitative applications in areas of bio-signal processing, bio-modelling, neural and muscular interface, and neural devices. - Provides substantial background materials and relevant case studies for each subject
Multinational Banking in China examines key issues in the market entry and development of foreign banks in the People s Republic of China using data collected from 37 in-depth interviews and questionnaire surveys. A wide range of factors is discussed including motives, entry mode, location choice, entry strategies and competitive advantages. Empirical evidence reveals the key trends and characteristics of foreign banking activities in China as well as the interactions between internal attributes of banks and dynamics of local market context. The author also explores adaptation of foreign banks post entry and emerging issues in the management of joint ventures. This book will be invaluable to students and researchers with an interest in banking internationalization in emerging markets. Managers, practitioners and policy makers who require insight into the core dimensions of multinational banking will also find this book to be of great interest.
Air Quality Monitoring and Advanced Bayesian Modeling introduces recent developments in urban air quality monitoring and forecasting. The book presents concepts, theories, and case studies related to monitoring methods of criteria air pollutants, advanced methods for real-time characterization of chemical composition of PM and VOCs, and emerging strategies for air quality monitoring. The book illustrates concepts and theories through case studies about the development of common statistical air quality forecasting models. Readers will also learn advanced topics such as the Bayesian model class selection, adaptive forecasting model development with Kalman filter, and the Bayesian model averaging of multiple adaptive forecasting models. - Covers fundamental to advanced applications of urban air quality monitoring and forecasting - Includes detailed descriptions and applications of the instruments necessary for the most successful monitoring techniques - Presents case studies throughout to provide real-world context to the research presented in the book
The Routledge Course in Modern Mandarin Chinese is a two-year undergraduate course for students with no prior background in Chinese study which takes students from complete beginner to post-intermediate level. Designed to build a strong foundation in both the spoken and written language it develops all the basic skills such as pronunciation, character writing, word use and structures, while placing strong emphasis on the development of communicative skills. Each level of the course consists of a textbook and workbook, available separately in simplified or traditional character editions. A companion website will provide expanded listening files and a broad range of resources for students and teachers. The benefits of this course include: focus on the long-term retention of vocabulary, characters and structures by reiterating structures and vocabulary throughout the book series; carefully selected and staged introduction of characters with staged removal of pinyin to ensure recognition and use of characters; clear and jargon-free explanations of use and structures, that are easy for students and teachers to understand; extensive workbook exercises for homework, independent study, and classroom use focusing on all language skills and modalities including a vast inventory of carefully structured exercises focusing on listening comprehension, reading for information, and writing for communication;an extensive inventory of classroom activities that guide students to develop communication-based speaking and listening skills; a list of communication goals and key structures for each lesson allowing the student to assess progress; cultural notes explaining the context of the dialogues; language FAQs explaining aspects of Chinese language as they relate to the content and vocabulary in the lesson; storyline following a group of students studying in China from Europe, North America and East Asia, making the book attractive to a variety of students and facilitating the introduction of Chinese culture; full-color text design for the textbook and carefully matched designs for the traditional and simplified books, allowing for easy cross-reference The course is also fully supported by an interactive companion website. The website contains a wealth of additional resources for both teachers and students. Teachers will find lesson plans in both English and Mandarin, providing a weekly schedule and overall syllabus for fall and spring, as well as activities for each lesson and answer keys. Students will be able to access downloadable character practice worksheets along with interactive pronunciation, vocabulary and character practice exercises. All the audio material necessary for the course is also available onliine and conveniently linked on screen to the relevant exercises for ease-of-use.
Filling the urgent need for a professional book that specifies the applications of nanoelectrochemistry for the monitoring of persistent toxic substances, this monograph clearly describes the design concept, construction strategies and practical applications of PTS sensing interfaces based on nanoelectrochemical methods. The comprehensive and systematic information not only provides readers with the fundamentals, but also inspires them to develop PTS monitoring sensors based on functional nanostructures and nanomaterials. Of interestto chemists, electrochemistry researchers, materials researchers, environmental scientists, and companies dealing with electrochemical treatment and environment.
A book on appreciating the microworld of the Arthropods. It details exquisitely the experience of learning from observing and pondering about their world and ours. It also served as a guide to those starting out to capture the Microworld with macro lenses and beyond, that of enjoying the images and the process of deriving satisfaction through a second reading of the taken image. It explores nature and the psychological landscape of the mind. A book for those who appreciate nature.
This book focuses on the design of secure and efficient signature and signcryption schemes for vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs). We use methods such as public key cryptography (PKI), identity-based cryptography (IDC), and certificateless cryptography (CLC) to design bilinear pairing and elliptic curve cryptography-based signature and signcryption schemes and prove their security in the random oracle model. The signature schemes ensure the authenticity of source and integrity of a safety message. While signcryption schemes ensure authentication and confidentiality of the safety message in a single logical step. To provide readers to study the schemes that securely and efficiently process a message and multiple messages in vehicle to vehicle and vehicle to infrastructure communications is the main benefit of this book. In addition, it can benefit researchers, engineers, and graduate students in the fields of security and privacy of VANETs, Internet of vehicles securty, wireless body area networks security, etc.
In this work, a corpus-based stylistic study is used to explore two contemporary Mandarin Chinese translations of Don Quijote - those by Yang Jiang (1978) and Liu Jingsheng (1995).
In terms of China’s current situation, the prevention and control of land degradation and the development of innovative sustainable land management activities lie within the purview of public works. Further, public-private partnerships (PPPs) hold considerable potential for application in this field. Inner Mongolia is one of the Chinese provinces hardest hit by land degradation. Fortunately, after years of dedicated efforts, meaningful achievements have been made: the increasing participation of the people as a whole, combined with growing investments in land degradation prevention and ecological construction on the part of private enterprises, has to some extent compensated for the lack of government involvement. Further, Inner Mongolia has been a pioneer in the use of PPPs for the prevention and control of land degradation, which has yielded numerous ecological, social and economic benefits. To better promote the development of ecological construction and expand the participation in land degradation control, this book systematically studies the use of PPPs in the Inner Mongolia autonomous region, drawing on field investigations and case analyses to do so. Its main goal is to explore a public-private partnership model that can effectively expand the scale of investment in land degradation prevention and sustainable land management.
In the Qing period (1644–1912), China's population tripled, and the flurry of new development generated unprecedented demand for timber. Standard environmental histories have often depicted this as an era of reckless deforestation, akin to the resource misuse that devastated European forests at the same time. This comprehensive new study shows that the reality was more complex: as old-growth forests were cut down, new economic arrangements emerged to develop renewable timber resources. Historian Meng Zhang traces the trade routes that connected population centers of the Lower Yangzi Delta to timber supplies on China's southwestern frontier. She documents innovative property rights systems and economic incentives that convinced landowners to invest years in growing trees. Delving into rare archives to reconstruct business histories, she considers both the formal legal mechanisms and the informal interactions that helped balance economic profit with environmental management. Of driving concern were questions of sustainability: How to maintain a reliable source of timber across decades and centuries? And how to sustain a business network across a thousand miles? This carefully constructed study makes a major contribution to Chinese economic and environmental history and to world-historical discourses on resource management, early modern commercialization, and sustainable development.
This book presents up-to-date concepts and design methods relating to space dynamics and control, including spacecraft attitude control, orbit control, and guidance, navigation, and control (GNC), summarizing the research advances in control theory and methods and engineering practice from Beijing Institute of Control Engineering over the years. The control schemes and systems based on these achievements have been successfully applied to remote sensing satellites, communication satellites, navigation satellites, new technology test satellites, Shenzhou manned spacecraft, Tianzhou freight spacecraft, Tiangong 1/2 space laboratories, Chang'e lunar explorers, and many other missions. Further, the research serves as a guide for follow-up engineering developments in manned lunar engineering, deep space exploration, and on-orbit service missions.
Based on the design theory and development experience of Beidou navigation satellite system (BDS), this book highlights the space segment and the related satellite technologies as well as satellite-ground integration design from the perspective of engineering. The satellite navigation technology in this book is divided into uplink and reception technology, broadcasting link technology, inter-satellite link technology, time-frequency system technology, navigation signal generation and assessment technology, navigation information management technology, autonomous operation technology of navigation satellite. In closing, the book introduces readers to the technological development status and trend of BDS and other GNSS, and propose the technologies of future development. Unlike most current books on this topic, which largely concentrate on principles, receiver design or applications, the book also features substantial information on the role of satellite system in the GNSS and the process of signal information flow, and each chapter not only studies on the theoretical function and main technologies, but also focuses on engineering development. Accordingly, readers will gain not only a better understanding of navigation satellite systems as a whole, but also of their main components and key technologies.
With the development of big data, data sharing has become increasingly popular and important in optimizing resource allocation and improving information utilization. However, the expansion of data sharing means there is an urgent need to address the issue of the privacy protection – an area where the emerging blockchain technology offers considerable advantages. Although there are a large number of research papers on data sharing modeling and analysis of network security, there are few books dedicated to blockchain-based secure data sharing. Filing this gap in the literature, the book proposes a new data-sharing model based on the blockchain system, which is being increasingly used in medical and credit reporting contexts. It describes in detail various aspects of the model, including its role, transaction structure design, secure multi-party computing and homomorphic encryption services, and incentive mechanisms, and presents corresponding case studies. The book explains the security architecture model and the practice of building data sharing from the blockchain infrastructure, allowing readers to understand the importance of data sharing security based on the blockchain framework, as well as the threats to security and privacy. Further, by presenting specific data sharing case studies, it offers insights into solving data security sharing problems in more practical fields. The book is intended for readers with a basic understanding of the blockchain infrastructure, consensus mechanisms, smart contracts, secure multiparty computing, homomorphic encryption and image retrieval technologies.
This book serves as a solid ground for seeking strategies to build the compact city that situated in a specific local area, based on the systematic examination of the effects of spatial planning system on urbanization control. Furthermore, the critical problems in the urban planning process are revealed, and the possible approaches to improve the local planning system toward effectively promoting more compact development are discussed. This book also provides a comprehensive picture for understanding the mutual influences between the planning, its implementation, and urban developments, particularly in the context of cities of western China, while these cities are experiencing dramatic urban growth in recent years but walking into a quite different development path comparing to the eastern mega cities. In nearly two decades, government officials, professional planners, scholars of urban studies, citizens who concern sustainable development are talking about the compact city, a promising vision for sustaining our growing or shrinking cities. Abundance of debates fall on the images, measurement and strengths of the compact city, while the substantializing of the vision in a specific city has been barely explored.
Based on the water footprint (WF) concept, this book reviews WF-based water stress evaluation methods at the city, provincial and river basin levels respectively. In addition, it explores the factors that influence regional water footprint in the spatial sequence via the extended STIRPAT model. Highlighting the utilization of WF accounting in sustainable water management, one of the book’s goals is to establish the optimization model of water allocation in various industrial sectors. Based on WF accounting, which thoroughly considers the water input for production, the relevant intermediate water inputs, and the water amount for wastewater discharge dilutions, the book provides a wealth of insights for scholars and practitioners with an interest in water resources and environmental management. In addition, it exhibits a scientific plan for regional water resource utilization and allocation, helping relieve regional water shortages.
Modern Mandarin Chinese Grammar Workbook, third edition, is a book of exercises and language tasks to facilitate practice and reinforce language use. Divided into two sections, the Workbook initially provides exercises based on essential grammatical structures, and moves on to practice everyday functions such as making introductions, apologizing, and expressing needs. With an extensive answer key at the back to enable students to check on their progress, main features include: Exercises at various levels of challenge for a broad range of learners Cross-referencing to the related Modern Mandarin Chinese Grammar A comprehensive index to exercises alphabetically arranged in terms of structures, functions, and key Chinese structure vocabulary This third edition also offers a revised and expanded selection of exercises including new task-based exercises. Modern Mandarin Chinese Grammar Workbook is ideal for all learners of Mandarin Chinese, from beginner to intermediate and advanced students. It can be used both independently and alongside Modern Mandarin Chinese Grammar, which is also published by Routledge.
East Capital is buried more than eight meters deep under current Kaifeng city in Henan Province of China based on archaeological evidence. As the biggest capital in the world around 1120 AD with about 1.5 million people, the book described the capital from various angles about its location, rivers, people, Emperor, royal palace, custom, festivals, honor of guards and garrison armies etc. It was one of the best books telling about the capital. It is very interesting for us to know if one opens a shop in nearby place, he only comes to your place for two to three times as your customer, then you dare to let him take liquor away from your shop with silverware costing about several hundred taels of silver as one tael of silver could buy sixty kilo rice at the moment. Everyone in his profession had to wear a uniform representing his career, even a beggar had to follow the rule. Of course if one pays attention to what you read in the book, you will know there are so many restaurants and brothels in the capital, and other many interesting things... It was translated by Liu Bin and Liu Jirong.
The Routledge Course in Mandarin Chinese is a two-year undergraduate course for students with no prior background in Chinese study. Designed to build a strong foundation in both the spoken and written language it develops all the basic skills such as pronunciation, character writing, word use and structures, while placing strong emphasis on the development of communicative skills. The complete course consists of Textbook Level 1, Workbook level 1 - including free CDs, Textbook level 2 and workbook level 2 -including free CDs. All books are available separately in simplified as well as traditional characters and take the students from complete beginner to post-intermediate level. Textbook Level 2 incorporates the innovative features of Level 1 including the separation of vocabulary from characters, a "basic to complex" introduction of grammatical structures, a comprehensive companion workbook with extensive practice in all language skills and functions, and a Teachers’ Manual. Level 2 adds a "Narrative" Component to support the learner as they move from spoken Mandarin to formal written Chinese, and from the comprehension and production of short sentences to paragraphs and essays. Level 2 of this Course in Modern Mandarin bridges the gap that characterizes the transition between basic level Chinese courses and more advanced work. The Narrative Component includes: Model narratives that introduce formal written Chinese with explanations of the features of each narrative. Focus on narrative function including description, comparison, explanation, persuasion, and hypothesis. Reading and writing assignments that guide students to internalize model structures, to read for information, and to compose original essays for specific purposes. The course is also fully supported by an interactive companion website which contains a wealth of additional resources for both teachers and students. Teachers will find lesson plans in both English and Mandarin, providing a weekly schedule and overall syllabus for fall and spring, as well as activities for each lesson and answer keys. Students will be able to access downloadable character practice worksheets along with interactive pronunciation, vocabulary and character practice exercises. All the audio material necessary for the course is also available online and conveniently linked on screen to the relevant exercises for ease-of-use. For more information about the course and to access these additional resources, please visit the companion website at www.routledge.com/textbooks/9780415472517 For bundle discounts please visit: http://www.routledge.com/books/details/9780415533072/
What teachers do in the classroom is one of the most significant school-based factors in shaping student learning. Yet the classroom is often referred to as a 'black box' because there's so little we know about what actually happens there. This book provides insights into the ‘black box’ by describing and then comparing classroom practices in Malaysia’s national public school system and that of a unique subsystem situated within it. Through analysis of hundreds of hours of classroom video data, as well as interviews, this book goes on to identify and discuss the forces that shape teachers' classroom practices from across the ecological system. What emerged were nuanced insights of how tightly and loosely coupled forces within the centralised Malaysian national system shaped these teachers’ classroom practices, that are illustrated in multiple case studies. Additionally, this volume uncovers micro-disruptions to some tightly-coupled forces within the system that could begin to change teachers’ thinking about their classroom practice. These insights will be of interest to international and comparative education researchers, education policy makers and education professionals as well as anyone who has ever asked the question "Why do teachers do what they do in their classrooms?
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