This review describes recent research into the cause of testicular descent and discusses two controversial theories on the mechanism. New animal models of cryptorchidism are described which shed light on the possible aetiology. A brief summary is given of current management, highlighting the controversies of timing of surgery, use of hormone therapy and congenital versus 'acquired' undescended testes. New information about germ cell development in the postnatal testis is changing the way we view treatment and the ultimate prognosis.
Contains the proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Web-Age Information Management, WAIM 2006. The papers are organized in topical sections on, indexing, XML query processing, information retrieval, sensor networks and grid computing, peer-to-peer systems, Web services, Web searching, caching and moving objects, clustering, and more. This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Web-Age Information Management, WAIM 2006, held in Hong Kong, China in June 2006. The 50 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 290 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on, indexing, XML query processing, information retrieval, sensor networks and grid computing, peer-to-peer systems, Web services, Web searching, caching and moving objects, temporal database, clustering, clustering and classification, data mining, data stream processing, XML and semistructured data, data distribution and query processing, and advanced applications
During the past two decades, research on animal, plant, and microbial toxins has expanded rapidly, and new and exciting information has appeared to clarify both the clinical and therapeutic aspects of intoxication and, even more impor tant, to help us understand more exactly the structure and the mode of action of toxins on a molecular basis. Because of the interdisciplinary nature of toxin research, it is of vital impor tance that workers specializing in its different aspects should make a particular effort to exchange and keep up with new developments in this rapidly-expanding field. This has been one of the main purposes of the series of international meetings that have been held over the past ten years. The increasing interest in the results of toxin research can be explained partly by the growing general preoccupation with pollution and its toxic effects, which means that more anq more specialists in other fields are finding it necessary to keep in touch with current research into naturally occurring toxins. The papers in these volumes were presented at the Fourth International Symposium on Animal, Plant and Microbial Toxins, organized by the Inter national Society on Toxicology, held in Tokyo in September, 1974. The editors have decided to include both original reports and review articles, arranged according to disciplines. Editing has been kept to the minimum necessary for adequate comprehension of the materials.
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