This volume surveys the chemistry and cancer-causing properties of the polycyclic hydrocarbons benzo[a]pyrene and benzo[e]pyrene. Benzo[a]pyrene is a pollutant formed whenever organic matter is burnt: it occurs in soot, tar, cigarette smoke and automobile exhaust, and in small amounts in the atmosphere, in water and in soil. It produces cancer in small mammals and is probably also carcinogenic in humans. It has been widely studied both as a measure of industrial pollution and as a model compound in studies of the mechanism of induction of cancer. Information about the compound is scattered through the scientific literature in various journals, conference proceedings and other publications; this book is the first to gather all this information together for easy reference. It includes chapters on the synthesis, physical and chemical properties of benzopyrene, its metabolism, interaction with DNA and induction of mutation and cancer, and also its environmental occurrence and analysis. There are copious references to the original literature. The volume will provide a valuable source of reference for: cancer reseach scientists; environmental scientists working in the area of pollution monitoring, public health, industrial safety, food and drugs; chemists and biochemists.
The proem to Herodotus's history of the Greek-Persian wars relates the long-standing conflict between Europe and Asia from the points of view of the Greeks' chief antagonists, the Persians and Phoenicians. However humorous or fantastical these accounts may be, their stories, as voiced by a Greek, reveal a great deal about the perceived differences between Greeks and others. The conflict is framed in political, not absolute, terms correlative to historical events, not in terms of innate qualities of the participants. Becky Martin reconsiders works of art produced by, or thought to be produced by, Greeks and Phoenicians during the first millennium B.C., when they were in prolonged contact with one another. Although primordial narratives that emphasize an essential quality of Greek and Phoenician identities have been critiqued for decades, Martin contends that the study of ancient history has not yet effectively challenged the idea of the inevitability of the political and cultural triumph of Greece. She aims to show how the methods used to study ancient history shape perceptions of it and argues that art is especially positioned to revise conventional accountings of the history of Greek-Phoenician interaction. Examining Athenian and Tyrian coins, kouros statues and wall mosaics, as well as the familiar Alexander Sarcophagus and the sculpture known as the "Slipper Slapper, " Martin questions what constituted "Greek" and "Phoenician" art and, by extension, Greek and Phoenician identity.
Drawing upon over fifty years of scholarly experience of one of the most industrious contemporary scholars, this work, which was first published in 1975, has been revised, updated, and expanded to offer a fresh, in-depth introduction to the New Testament for today’s students. Students will be immersed into the world of the first century, learning about both Greco-Roman and Jewish backgrounds. While discussing the fundamental questions surrounding the content of each book including its authorship, audience, and message, this work also engages with the wider historical-critical discussion, helping students navigate the wider world of modern New Testament scholarship.
This wide-ranging, detailed and engaging study of Brecht's complex relationship with Greek tragedy and tragic tradition argues that this is fundamental for understanding his radicalism. Featuring an extensive discussion of The Antigone of Sophocles (1948) and further related works (the Antigone model book and the Small Organon for the Theatre), this monograph includes the first-ever publication of the complete set of colour photographs taken by Ruth Berlau. This is complemented by comparatist explorations of many of Brecht's own plays as his experiments with tragedy conceptualized as the 'big form'. The significance for Brecht of the Greek tragic tradition is positioned in relation to other formative influences on his work (Asian theatre, Naturalism, comedy, Schiller and Shakespeare). Brecht emerges as a theatre artist of enormous range and creativity, who has succeeded in re-shaping and re-energizing tragedy and has carved paths for its continued artistic and political relevance.
Probing into numerous questions about gender and sexuality, Dale Martin delves into the biblical texts anew and unearths surprising findings. Avoiding preconceptions about ancient sexuality, he explores the ethics of desire and marriage and pays careful attention to the original meanings of words, especially those used as evidence of Paul's opposition to homosexuality. For example, after a remarkably faithful reading of the scriptural texts, Martin concludes that our contemporary obsession with marriage--and the whole search for the "right" sexual relationships--is antithetical to the message of the gospel. In all of these essays, however, Martin argues for engaging Scripture in a way that goes beyond the standard historical-critical questions and the assumptions of textual agency in order to find a faith that has no foundations other than Jesus Christ.
Promotes gracious interfaith dialogue on sensitive theological issues Theological issues are crucial to how Christians and Muslims understand and perceive each other. In Sacred Misinterpretation Martin Accad guides readers through key theological questions that fuel conflict and misunderstanding between Muslims and Christians. A sure-footed guide, he weaves personal stories together with deep discussion of theological beliefs. Accad identifies trends, recognizes historical realities, and brings to light significant points of contention that often lead to break-down in Christian-Muslim dialogue. He also outlines positive and creative trends that could lead to a more hopeful future. Fairly and seriously presenting both Muslim theology and a Muslim interpretation of Christian theology, Sacred Misinterpretation is an essential guide for fostering dialogue and understanding among readers from both faiths.
′The structure [of this book] encourages active participation via reflective activity boxes which further allows for the engagement and consolidation of ideas...Evidence based research is cited resulting in the author suggesting a number of practical activities to encourage progression and continuity in science′ - ESCalate Why do pupils′ learning and motivation slow down markedly as they move from primary to secondary school? Why is this situation worse in science than in any other curriculum subject? This book combines reports of and reflection on best practice in improving progression and continuity of teaching and learning in science - particularly at that transition stage between primary and secondary school. Presenting the views of teachers and pupils on progression, learning and application of science, the book suggests practical ways of improving teaching and learning in science. Each chapter includes examples of learning materials with notes on how these might be used or adapted by teachers in their own classroom settings. Science teaching in secondary schools is often based on assumptions that children know or can do very little, so the job in the secondary school becomes one of showing pupils how to start ′doing science properly′, as if from scratch. The damage that this false view can do to pupils′ learning, motivation and confidence is clear. This book will help teachers to assess children′s prior knowledge effectively and build meaningful and enjoyable science lessons.
The 'Dictionary of Paul and his letters' is a one-of-a-kind reference work. Following the format of its highly successful companion volume, the 'Dictionary of Jesus and the Gospels', this Dictionary is designed to bring students, teachers, ministers and laypeople abreast of the established conclusions and significant recent developments in Pauline scholarship. No other single reference work presents as much information focused exclusively on Pauline theology, literature, background and scholarship. In a field that recently has undergone significant shifts in perspective, the 'Dictionary of Paul and His Letters' offers a summa of Paul and Pauline studies. In-depth articles focus on individual theological themes (such as law, resurrection and Son of God), broad theological topics (such as Christology, eschatology and the death of Christ), methods of interpretation (such as rhetorical criticism and social-scientific approaches), background topics (such as apocalypticism, Hellenism and Qumran) and various other subjects specifically related to the scholarly study of Pauline theology and literature (such as early catholicism, the centre of Paul's theology, and Paul and his interpreters since F. C. Baur). Separate articles are also devoted to each of the Pauline letters, to hermeneutics and to preaching Paul today. The 'Dictionary of Paul and His Letters' takes its place alongside the 'Dictionary of Jesus and the Gospels' in presenting the fruit of evangelical New Testament scholarship at the end of the twentieth century - committed to the authority of Scripture, utilising the best of critical methods, and maintaining dialogue with contemporary scholarship and challenges facing the church.
The early Christian church had a variety of Scriptures and other source material that informed their faith and shaped their thinking. But after a few centuries the church decided to keep the twenty-seven books of our present New Testament and to treat them as a canonical in faith and practice. But what of the other books? Many of them have survived and remain valuable for understanding the diversity of the early Christian church and the astounding claims of faith on which it was founded. Learning about these ancient documents need not threaten the church's current orthodoxy and authority; in fact, learning about these texts can help today's Christians form a deeper understanding of the early church.
Spanning forty years, this collection of essays represents the work of a renowned teacher and scholar of the ancient Greek world. Martin Ostwald's contribution is both philological and historical: the thread that runs through all of the essays is his precise explanation, for a modern audience, of some crucial terms by which the ancient Greeks saw and lived their lives—and influenced ours. Chosen and sequenced by Ostwald, the essays demonstrate his methodology and elucidate essential aspects of ancient Greek society. The first section plumbs the social and political terms in which the Greeks understood their lives. It examines their notion of the relation of the citizen to his community; how they conceived different kinds of political structure; what role ideology played in public life; and how differently their most powerful thinkers viewed issues of war and peace. The second section is devoted to the problem, first articulated by the Greeks, of the extent to which human life is dominated by nature (physis) and human convention (nomos), a question that remains a central concern in modern societies, even if in different guises. The third section focuses on democracy in Athens. It confronts questions of the nature of democratic rule, of financing public enterprises, of the accountability of public officials, of the conflict raised by imperial control and democratic rule, of the coexistence of "conservative" and "liberal" trends in a democratic regime, and of the relation between rhetoric and power in a democracy. The final section is a sketch of the principles on which the two greatest Greek historians, Herodotus and Thucydides, constructed their outlooks on human affairs. Ultimately, the collection intends to make selected key concepts in ancient Greek social and political culture accessible to a lay audience. It also shows how the differences—rather than the similarities—between the ancient Greeks and us can contribute to a deeper understanding of our own time.
The gold-standard text that has defined neurology – updated for today’s practice in full color The definitive text on the full-spectrum of neurology for decades, Adams and Victor's provides the treatment and management strategies needed to confidently handle both common and rare neurologic conditions. Written in a clear, consistent tone, this classic resource will meet the needs of the seasoned professional or the aspiring clinician. Written from the perspective of the general neurologist, Adams and Victor's has been hailed as the most detailed, thorough, and authoritative text available on the subject. Adams and Victor's Principles of Neurology, Tenth Edition describes the various categories of neurologic disease and the main diseases that constitute each. Each subject is introduced by a detailed discussion of the symptoms and signs of disordered nervous function, their anatomic and physiologic bases, and their clinical implications. Adams and Victor's Principles of Neurology is logically divided into six parts: The Clinical Method of Neurology Cardinal Manifestations of Neurologic Disease Growth and Development of the Nervous System in the Neurology of Aging Major Categories of Neurologic Disease Diseases of the Spinal Cord, Peripheral Nerve, and Muscle Psychiatric Disorders The Tenth Edition is highlighted by the welcome addition of full-color photographs, expanded coverage of important subspecialties, and an increased number of tables and figures. Edition after edition, Adams and Victor's has stayed true to its original mission: to provide a well-written, readable text emphasizing a disciplined presentation of clinical data and lucid descriptions of underlying disease processes.
The definitive text on the full spectrum of neurology―50th Anniversary Edition! For 50 years the field’s gold-standard text, Adams and Victor’s Principles of Neurology provides up to date treatment and management strategies needed to confidently handle both common and rare neurologic conditions. Presented in full color, this enduring resource meets the needs of today’s aspiring clinician or seasoned professional, and has been hailed as the most detailed, thorough, and authoritative text on the subject. Adams and Victor’s Principles of Neurology, Twelfth Edition features: An evenness of style and a uniform approach to subject matter across subspecialties that allows a quick and easy review of each topic and condition Scholarly discussions that give readers a comprehensive overview of neurologic illnesses Unrivaled coverage of signs and symptoms Evidence based discussions of the full range of therapeutic options available to treat neurologic diseases, including drug therapy and rehabilitation methods Coverage of the most exciting discoveries from modern neuroscience that bear on and explain neurologic diseases and treatments More than 900 full-color, high-quality images and illustrations
The definitive guide to understanding, diagnosing, and treating neurologic disease – more complete, timely, and essential than ever A Doody’s Core Title for 2021! Adams and Victor’s Principles of Neurology is truly the classic text in its discipline --- a celebrated volume that guides clinicians to an in-depth understanding of the key aspects of neurologic disease, including both clinical and new scientific data. This meticulously revised and updated text remains the masterwork in its field, and the most readable reference available. Within its pages, you will find a disciplined presentation of clinical data and lucid descriptions of underlying disease processes. Some of the features that have made this resource so renowned: The most cohesive and consistent approach to clinical management – acclaimed as the most readable book in the literature A scholarly approach that gives readers a comprehensive overview of every neurologic illness Unmatched coverage of signs and symptoms A focus on the full range of therapeutic options available to treat neurologic diseases, including drug therapy and rehabilitation methods Coverage of the most exciting discoveries and hypotheses of modern neuroscience that bear on and explain neurologic disease Puts the latest scientific discovery into a larger clinical context An evenness of style and a uniform approach to subject matter across disciplines that allows a quick and easy review of each topic and condition A rich, full-color presentation that includes many high-quality illustrations The Eleventh Edition is enhanced by new coverage of : Interventional therapies for acute ischemic stroke Novel immunotherapies used to treat inflammatory and neoplastic conditions, and neurotoxicities associated with these drugs New drugs to treat epilepsy and multiple sclerosis Update of genetics of inherited metabolic disease Current understanding of the genetics of primary nervous system malignancies and their bearing on treatment
This book looks at the legacy of the 1998-99 Kosovo crisis for European security affairs. It examines the debates about the nature and justification of intervention in the affairs of sovereign states. It also considers the impact of the crisis on NATO and on relations between western states and Russia both during and since Kosovo. Well-known "facts" are critically assessed and challenged. The authors argue that the NATO attacks on Serbia were not a "war," nor did the crisis directly lead to moves to endow the European Union with its own military dimension. They place the Kosovo crisis in the context of the long-term evolution of a transatlantic "community of values" between Europe and North America.
Autonomous self-driving cars need a very precise perception system of their environment, working for every conceivable scenario. Therefore, different kinds of sensor types, such as lidar scanners, are in use. This thesis contributes highly efficient algorithms for 3D object recognition to the scientific community. It provides a Deep Neural Network with specific layers and a novel loss to safely localize and estimate the orientation of objects from point clouds originating from lidar sensors. First, a single-shot 3D object detector is developed that outputs dense predictions in only one forward pass. Next, this detector is refined by fusing complementary semantic features from cameras and joint probabilistic tracking to stabilize predictions and filter outliers. The last part presents an evaluation of data from automotive-grade lidar scanners. A Generative Adversarial Network is also being developed as an alternative for target-specific artificial data generation.
An accessible survey of the meaning, methodologies, themes, and applications of biblical theology To understand what the entire Bible teaches about any given subject, we must practice biblical theology. By surveying the whole canon of Scripture, we can best discern what God has revealed about any particular issue. But doing so requires answering a number of important questions: What type of biblical theology will we choose? What overall story does the Bible tell? How should we understand the relationship between the Old and New Testaments? How does our topic fit within salvation history? How do we apply the truths we discover? 40 Questions About Biblical Theology provides resources to answer these key questions in order to guide readers in their own study and practice of biblical theology. Other vital topics the authors address include how to understand typology, key themes in biblical theology, and how Christians should relate to Old Testament promises. Ideal for courses on biblical theology, for pastors, and for anyone who teaches or interprets Scripture, 40 Questions on Biblical Theology will deepen your understanding and application of the whole counsel of God.
These original essays introduce students to the complex and influential field of critical criminology. It presents many of the theories of critical criminology - Marxist, Feminist, Left Realist, Postmodern, Constitutive, Peacemaking, and Restorative Justice - and explores how, despite their distinctions, each theory is rooted in radical criminology, and all are critical of mainstream criminology. A product of the Division on Critical Criminology of the American Society of Criminology, the book is designed to introduce the reader to an important segment of criminology theory. Discussion questions at the end of each chapter provoke thought, discusson and review.
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