Annotation Explores the feasibility of using techniques such as program transformation and program abstraction to re-engineer and extend the life of an existing IT system. The authors (De Montfort University) outline a program transformation-based evolution workbench called FermaT, the architecture of the wide spectrum language (WSL), and a process for evolving object-oriented, real-time, and parallel systems. The final chapter presents six case studies that use FermaT and re- engineering assistant tools to evolve from source code to specifications or to new source code in a different language. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Während die Effizienz- und Nachhaltigkeitsoffensive in den meisten Wirtschaftsbereichen in vollem Gang ist, steht das Bauen damit noch ganz am Anfang – ökonomisch wie ökologisch. Die Politik auf globaler, europäischer und nationaler Ebene nimmt sich dieses Defizits inzwischen zunehmend an und versucht es durch rechtliche Anforderungen und Gesetze wie EnEV, Gebäudezertifizierungen und Wettbewerbe wettzumachen. Der Energie Atlas gibt in der bewährten Form der Atlanten eine umfassende Darstellung der konstruktiven Parameter von Energieeffizienz und Nachhaltigkeit wieder. Er nimmt die von der EU geplanten gesetzlichen Regulierungen vorweg und weist als unmittelbar verwendbare Arbeitshilfe für die tägliche Arbeit von Architekten, Ingenieuren und Designern den Weg zu effizientem und nachhaltigem Bauen und Betreiben von Gebäuden. Mit seiner Orientierung am gesamten Lebenszyklus eines Gebäudes leistet er eine ganzheitliche Betrachtung – eine unverzichtbare Voraussetzung für nachhaltiges Wirtschaften.
Sitka spruce, the largest of the world's spruces, is an important component of British Columbia's coastal forests. Its ecology gives it a special place in the sustainable management of the province's forests. However, in west coast forestry it is poorly known in comparison with its main coniferous companions -- Douglas-fir, western redcedar, and western hemlock. As an important international forestry resource, it is crucial that Sitka spruce -- its ecology and the ecosystems in which it occurs -- be clearly understood by those who are involved with its management.
This paper studies the determinants of repeated use of Fund-supported programs in a large sample covering virtually all General Resources Account (GRA) arrangements that were approved between 1952 and 2012. Generally, the revolving nature of the IMF’s resources calls for the temporary sup-port of member countries to address balance of payments problems while repeated use has often been viewed as program failure. First, using probit models we show that a small number of country-specific variables such as growth, the current account balance, the international reserves position, and the institutional framework play a significant role in explaining repeated use. Second, we discuss the role of IMF-specific and program-specific variables and find evidence that a country’s track record with the Fund is a good predictor of repeated use. Finally, we conduct an out-of-sample forecasting exer-cise. While our approach has predictive power for repeated use, exact forecasting remains challenging. From a policy perspective, the results could prove useful to assess the risk IMF programs pose to the revolving nature of the Fund’s financial resources.
Once seen as a relatively marginal figure, George Gissing (1857-1903) persists in sparking interest among new generations of radical critics who continue to be inspired by his work and to develop fresh approaches to it. This essay collection, bringing together British, European, and North American literary critics and cultural historians with diverse specialities and interests, demonstrates the range of contemporary perspectives through which his fiction can be viewed. Offering both closely contextualized historical readings and broader cultural and philosophical assessments, the contributions will engage not only the specialist but those interested in the diverse themes that absorbed Gissing: the cultural and social formation of class and gender, social mobility and its unsettling effects on individual and collective identities, the place of writing in emerging mass culture, and the possibilities and limits of fiction as critical intervention.
In earlier times, for the Chinese, Korea was 'the country of courteous people from the east', and for westerners 'the land of the morning calm' or 'hermit kingdom'. In this fascinating collection of writings on times past in Korea the author helps to lift the veil on this once closed country, providing the reader with a wide selection of first-hand accounts by travellers who 'discovered' Korea - some as snapshots by those passing through, others more detailed evaluations of Korean culture and everyday life by those who spent time there. The collection covers a period of over 400 years - from Hendrik Hamel's journal of the 1600s to early 20th century records, such as Roy C. Andrew's 1918 published account of his expedition, entitled Exploring Unknown Corners of the 'Hermit Kingdom'.
Kniha přináší přes čtyřicet příspěvků mezinárodního kolektivu autorů a jejím záměrem je především shromáždit a popsat střípky předchozích, zapomenutých způsobů života. Lidský život a evoluce překlenuje různé historické epochy i místa, osud člověka se však zdá neúprosný, protože svědkové, vzpomínky i hmatatelné důkazy lidské existence se nevyhnutelně vytrácejí. Kniha současně odráží výsledky široké, mezinárodní spolupráce Jiřího A. Svobody, významného vědce, s autory příspěvků, včetně těch, kteří se jeho dílem inspirují.
A remarkable field guide ... one of those books that come along every now and then and cause a revolution.' - Michael McCarthy, Independent This concise guide is a companion to the main Field Guide to the Moths of Great Britain and Ireland by the same expert authors, but is in a condensed form with artwork opposite the species descriptions and lay-flat binding for ease of use in the field. It includes brief but comprehensive field descriptions of all the macro-moths in Great Britain, Ireland, the Isle of Man and the Channel Islands, and this second edition has been thoroughly revised and updated to reflect the latest advances in taxonomy. Featuring more than 1,700 superbly detailed colour artworks and covering nearly 900 species, this portable guide is an essential addition to every moth-lover's field kit.
With growing consumer awareness about the dangers of garden chemicals, turn to The Organic Gardener's Handbook of Natural Pest and Disease Control as the most reliable and comprehensive guide on the garden shelf. Rodale has been the category leader in organic methods for decades, and this thoroughly updated edition features the latest science-based recommendations for battling garden problems. With all-new photos of common and recently introduced pests and plant diseases, you can quickly identify whether you've discovered garden friend or foe and what action, if any, you should take. No other reference includes a wider range of methods for growing and maintaining an organic garden. The plant-by-plant guide features symptoms and solutions for 200 popular plants, including flowers, vegetables, trees, shrubs, and fruits. The insect-and-disease encyclopedia includes a photo identification guide and detailed descriptions of damage readers may see. The extensive coverage of the most up-to-date organic control techniques and products, presented in order of lowest impact to most intensive intervention, makes it easy to choose the best control.
This handbook brings together in one place sources which entomologists, chemists, botanists, insect ecologists, physiologists, and pharmacologists may consult for information to supplement that reported herein on the subject of plant-derived feeding deterrents.
This eBook is best viewed on a color device. This Golden Guide describes and illustrates in full color more than 140 of our most common trees. Learn: -How to recognize tree shapes, flowers, buds, leaves, and fruits -Where each species grows -The parts of a tree and the various kinds of trees Perfect for nature lovers of all ages, this is an indispensable guide for everyone who wants to be able to recognize the different trees in North America.
Third edition of the most comprehensive and authoritative guide to the larger moths of Great Britain and Ireland. This latest edition of the Field Guide to the Moths of Great Britain and Ireland has been fully revised, updated and restructured, bringing it in line with the latest thinking in taxonomy. Moths are illustrated in their natural resting postures, and there are also paintings of different forms, underwings and other details to help with identification. New descriptions and illustrations have been included for species that have been newly recorded in Britain and Ireland since the last edition of the guide was published. The text descriptions of all other species – covering field characters and similar species, flight season, life cycle, larval foodplants, and habitat – have been revised and updated where necessary, and particular attention has been paid to updating the distribution information, which is now supported by maps. The revised general introduction explains how the methods of identifying and recording moths have evolved over recent years with the advent of new technologies and as a result of data analysis.
Plants are so much part of our environment that we often take them for granted, yet beautiful, fascinating and useful plants are everywhere, from isolated moss colonies on stone walls to vast complex communities within tropical rainforests. How did this array of form and habitat come about, and how do we humans interact with the plant kingdom? This unique new textbook provides a refreshing and stimulating consideration of these questions and throws light in a new way on the complexity, ecology, evolution and development of plants and our relationship with them. Illustrated throughout with numerous line diagrams and beautiful colour photographs, the book provides a comprehensive introduction to the fascinating lives that plants lead and the way in which our lives are inextricably linked to theirs. It will be particularly useful to students seeking a more ecological and process-oriented approach than is available in other plant science textbooks.
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