Mutualism and health care, newly available in paperback, presents the first comprehensive account of a major innovation in hospital funding before the NHS. The voluntary hospitals, which provided the bulk of Britain’s acute hospital services, diversified their financial base by establishing hospital contributory schemes. Through these, working people subscribed small, regular amounts to their local hospitals, in return for which they were eligible for free hospital care. The book evaluates the extent to which the schemes were successful in achieving comprehensive coverage of the population, funding hospital services, and broadening opportunities for participation in the governance of health care and for the expression of consumer views. It then explores why the option of funding the post-war NHS through mass contribution was rejected, and traces the transformation of the surviving schemes into health cash plans. This is a substantial investigation into the attractions and limitations of mutualism in health care. It is highly relevant to debates about organisational innovations in the delivery of welfare services.
The book offers a unique combination of up-to-date, wide ranging history of medicine content with hands on experience of assessing and using archival material to understand health.
Bristol in the 19th century was characterized by the development of voluntary organizations, which set out to address problems and promote good. This text is a study of the debate over control of civic charities during this era of municipal reform.
Presenting an account of a major innovation in hospital funding before the NHS, this book evaluates the extent to which the hospital contributory schemes were successful in achieving comprehensive coverage of the population, and explores why the option of funding the post-war NHS through mass contribution was rejected.
Mutualism and health care, newly available in paperback, presents the first comprehensive account of a major innovation in hospital funding before the NHS. The voluntary hospitals, which provided the bulk of Britain's acute hospital services, diversified their financial base by establishing hospital contributory schemes. Through these, working people subscribed small, regular amounts to their local hospitals, in return for which they were eligible for free hospital care. The book evaluates the extent to which the schemes were successful in achieving comprehensive coverage of the population, funding hospital services, and broadening opportunities for participation in the governance of health care and for the expression of consumer views. It then explores why the option of funding the post-war NHS through mass contribution was rejected, and traces the transformation of the surviving schemes into health cash plans. This is a substantial investigation into the attractions and limitations of mutualism in health care. It is highly relevant to debates about organisational innovations in the delivery of welfare services.
Bristol in the 19th century was characterized by the development of voluntary organizations, which set out to address problems and promote good. This text is a study of the debate over control of civic charities during this era of municipal reform.
The ultimate tool for understanding, investigating and preventing fraud Fraud is an evil with a life of its own that leaves a financial, repetitional, and emotional toll on its victims. While monumental scandals, such as Enron, WorldCom, and Madoff's Ponzi scheme make the front pages, fraud is a daily occurrence impacting companies and individuals alike. Faces of Fraud reveals must-know characteristics of fraudsters and the skills needed to outwit them. Recognized Fraud Fighting Expert Martin Biegelman draws from his 40 years of experience fighting fraud to profile not only the key traits fraudsters share, but also the qualities fraud examiners must possess to be successful. Each chapter contains stories from actual cases that the author investigated Profiles the must-know characteristics of fraudsters and the skills you'll need to outwit them Reveals the traits of accomplished fraud examiners Explores the best practices in fraud detection, investigation and prevention to cultivate in order to maximize success Written by fraud fighting expert Martin T. Biegelman Although fraud will never be completely eradicated, there is much that can be done to reduce the number and size of frauds that take place in any organization. Boiling down the key lessons the author has culled from his long career, Faces of Fraud entertains and informs with stories from real cases the author investigated over his long career, and imparts useful tips you can start using right away in the fraud examination field.
This electronic version has been made available under a Creative Commons (BY) open access license. This book is available as an open access ebook under a CC-BY-NC-ND licence. Through its study of diabetes care in twentieth-century Britain, Managing diabetes, managing medicine offers the first historical monograph to explore how the decision-making and labour of medical professionals became subject to bureaucratic regulation and managerial oversight. Where much existing literature has cast health care management as either a political imposition or an assertion of medical control, this work positions managerial medicine as a co-constructed venture. Although driven by different motives, doctors, nurses, professional bodies, government agencies and international organisations were all integral to the creation of managerial systems, working within a context of considerable professional, political, technological, economic and cultural change.
This book looks at the foundations of public health, its historical evolution, the themes that underpin public health, the increasing importance of globalization and the most important causes of avoidable disease and injury.
A thorough updating of the best-selling, vital reference and textbook on melanocytic proliferations PRAISE FOR THE FIRST EDITION: “Well-written and entertaining” —Modern Pathology “An extremely helpful guide for the practicing dermatopathologist or general pathologist” —Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine “An incredibly relevant clinical-histopathologic text” —Doody’s Melanocytic proliferations comprise a large number of pigmented lesions of the skin and muscosa. Of these, melanoma is of particular interest to clinicians and their patients. The rising number of incidences of melanoma has led to increased interest in the disease from diagnostic, management, and basic science perspectives. The Melanocytic Proliferations: A Comprehensive Textbook of Pigmented Lesions is the most complete single-source treatment of the subject available—thoroughly updated to reflect the very latest studies and clinical experience in diagnosing and treating melanocytic proliferation. This new edition of the bestseller presents an experience- and evidence-based review of pigmented lesions that encompasses the biology, diagnosis, and treatment of melanocytic proliferations and disorders, including melanoma. It comes with over 300 new color images—bringing the total to over 600—and contains two completely new chapters: Dermatoscopic Diagnosis of Melanoma; and Reflectance Confocal Microscopy. Chapter coverage includes: • An approach to the clinical diagnosis of melanoma, its precursors, and its clinical mimics • Freckles and lentigines • Benign acquired nevi • Dermal dendritic melanocytic proliferations/dermal melanocytoses • Spitz nevus • Combined nevus, deep penetrating nevus, plexiform spindle cell nevus, and borderline tumors of the deep penetrating nevus variant • Recurrent melanocytic nevus • Congenital nevi • Dysplastic melanocytic nevi, de novo intradermal epithelioid and lentiginous melanocytic dysplasias, and nevi at specific anatomic sites • Melanoma • Conjunctival melanocytic proliferations • Use of adjunctive immunoperoxidase, molecular, and ultrastructural studies in the diagnosis of melanocytic proliferations • Biology of melanoma • Borderline melanocytic proliferation • Dermatoscopic diagnosis of melanoma • Reflectance confocal microscopy • Therapy of melanoma The Melanocytic Proliferations: A Comprehensive Textbook of Pigmented Lesions is an incredibly important text for all clinical pathologists, dermatopathologists, surgical pathologists, dermatologists, cosmetic physicians, and surgeons.
The ultimate goal of cancer chemoprevention research and development is the identification of pharmaceutical or dietary constituents that will prevent cancer. Cancer Chemoprevention presents the proceedings of a large workshop on cancer chemoprevention that highlights the latest knowledge in the field, in addition to issues and ideas concerning future directions. Retinoids, sulfur compounds, and a large number of many naturally occurring cancer inhibitors in the diet are discussed, including green tea, garlic constituents, citrus fruit oils, and beans and seeds containing protease inhibitors. Compounds that may prevent the formation of carcinogens in food are covered, and the mechanisms by which chemical or dietary agencts produce cancer inhibitors are discussed.
A novel of innocence and iniquity, love and murder, by the nineteenth-century Russian author of Crime and Punishment and The Brothers Karamazov. After several years in a Swiss sanatorium, twenty-six-year-old Prince Myshkin returns to Russian society to collect his rightful inheritance. But he soon crosses paths with the dark Rogozhin, a rich merchant’s son whose desire for Nastasya Filippovna will set the three of them on a tragic course. As author Fyodor Dostoevsky traces the effect of Myshkin’s innocence on the people around him in St. Petersburg, scandal escalates to murder . . . “I think The Idiot to be a masterpiece—flawed, occasionally tedious or overwrought, like many masterpieces—but a fact of world literature just as important as the densely dramatic Brothers Karamazov or the brilliantly subtle and terrifying Devils. In those two novels, as in the simpler Crime and Punishment, Dostoevsky had plots and political and religious ideas working together. In The Idiot he is straining to grasp a story and a character converting themselves from Gothic to Saint’s Life on the run. What makes the greatness is double—the character of the prince, and a powerful series of confrontations with death. The true subject of The Idiot is the imminence and immanence of death.” —A. S. Byatt, The Guardian “Nothing is outside Dostoevsky’s province. . . . Out of Shakespeare there is no more exciting reading.” —Virginia Woolf
A chronological history of the Jewish people—from the earliest attempts to establish a homeland during Biblical times to the creation of Israel. More than seventy years ago in 1948, the State of Israel came into being amidst great controversy. How did the state arise? What led to the founding of Israel? This book sets out to give a chronological journey of the Jewish people from the time Abraham came out of the land of Ur three thousand years ago, until six million of them died in the horror of the Holocaust under Hitler and his Nazi regime. It recounts the many expulsions from the land in which they lived, the suffering under Babylonians, Greeks, Persians, the destruction of their temple in Jerusalem in 70 AD, and finally, genocide and the expulsion by the Romans in 132 AD creating a diaspora across the world. The Jews would be charged with killing God and throughout the following centuries would be expelled from countries, burned alive after being locked in synagogues or at the stake, have all their property seized, and get herded into ghettoes. All of this until that fatal Holocaust, which attempted to wipe them from the face of the earth. This book recounts their story to achieve a homeland, using a wide-range of historical documents to tell the story of humiliation, suffering, poverty, and death. It tells of religious persecution that would not let them rest, and as their journey enters the twentieth century, gives a behind-the-scenes look at how governments manipulated the Middle East and exacerbated divisions.
Controversial Issues in Adventure Programming offers an engaging approach to the consideration of enduring, current, and emerging issues in the field. Written primarily for upper-level undergraduate and graduate students, the text presents 20 issues in a debate format, challenging students to participate in critical discourse concerning these issues as practitioners in the field of adventure programming. Respected authors Bruce Martin and Mark Wagstaff have assembled a team of more than 50 contributors from around the globe to reassess some of the underlying assumptions on which adventure programming is based. They have critically examined implications of new developments for emerging practice and discussed how best to position the field of adventure programming in addressing broader societal concerns. To set the stage for the debate, each issue is prefaced with a general overview, including the evolution of the issue and its significance in light of broader social concerns. Then, contributors present the pros and cons of each issue. A debate format helps students develop an understanding of the key points around each issue while also becoming familiar with current research pertinent to these issues. This approach also encourages students to grapple with these issues and begin to develop their own informed, thoughtful perspectives as they prepare for careers in adventure programming. Controversial Issues in Adventure Programming is divided into two parts. Part I begins by discussing issues of ongoing concern in the field, including the certification debate, motorized versus nonmotorized forms of outdoor recreation, and program accreditation. In part II, contemporary and emerging issues are presented, such as the use of online educational programming in the field of adventure programming. As a reference for practitioners and policy makers, Controversial Issues in Adventure Programming offers new and updated perspectives on enduring and emerging issues as well as a synthesis of the most recent related scholarly literature. In addition, the text serves as a resource in understanding how the adventure programming industry can contribute to addressing issues of broad concern in society, such as public health, global climate change, stewardship of public lands and waterways, and education reform. Controversial Issues in Adventure Programming encourages readers to participate in some of the central debates occurring in the field. In particular, this timely resource will help students broaden their understanding of the field as they critically examine and respond to a range of enduring, contemporary, and emerging topics in adventure programming.
This book represents a practical guide to ethical decision-making tailored specifically to the needs of those who practice and study public relations. It traces the development of ethical theory from ancient Greece through the works of Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle to modern day public relations executives including Harold Burson, Robert Dilenschneider, and Richard Edelman. This book helps readers build personal frameworks for ethical reasoning that will enable them not only to recognize the ethical issues at play in public relations practice but also to analyze the conflicting duties and loyalties in these situations. This volume fills a gap in the currently available books on the subject, most of which either lack theoretical grounding or practical application. Illustrative cases used in this book span a wide range of public relations functions. To update readers on issues discussed in this book, the authors have started an online conversation. Please join the discussion at Updates.PRethics.com.
This volume details the process of, and difficulties in, assembling the data: the source notes for every column in each sub-file for each of the Excel files A-P; with some fuller explanation of the heading; and particular notes for particular years in each column. There are also explanations, calculations and reasoning for particular estimates and how totals were arrived at. The reasoning for some totals and the inclusion of certain categories may be contested. I welcome such disagreements, suggestions of sources which I may have missed, and correction of straightforward mistakes.This is a workbook for future scholars to peruse and amend. I will provide amendments as necessary. The painstaking research initially involved going through the British Parliamentary Papers (BPP) from 1830, item by item, and reconstructing 'country-specific estimates from the available empirical evidence'. The second part of this volume provides a guide to what was considered, even if not used, 1830-1920 in the British Parliamentary Papers. The primary other sources emerged from this process, particularly for the first phase and the first half of the second phase. The data to which the sources in this work refer, and which are the statistical basis of the first volume, "e;The Key to all Mythologies"e; are contained in the following website: www.thekeytoallmythologies.com
“You won’t find a better textbook on public health than this. Comprehensive, authoritative, up-to-date, informative, and very readable. A must for all public health reading lists.” Emeritus Professor Mike Daube, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia “In Issues in Public Health you will find detailed, evidence-based, contemporary discussion about the wide range of public health challenges facing public health professionals around the world.” Mary Lyons, Senior Lecturer in Public Health, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, UK “An essential resource for anyone looking to understand the foundations of public health and its ongoing evolution.” Dr Sandro Galea, Dean and Robert A. Knox Professor at Boston University School of Public Health, USA What is public health? By looking at the foundations of public health, its historical and contemporary evolution, and the themes that underpin public health, this book provides detailed answers to this important question and encourages you to develop your critical thinking skills. Written by experts in the field, the book discusses the core issues of modern public health, such as tackling vested interests head on, empowering people so they can make healthy decisions, and acknowledging the political nature of the issues. This new edition has a section on mental health, as well as five new chapters reflecting key contemporary and global issues: • Commercial determinants of health • Planetary health • Conflict and health • Ethics surrounding human rights and public health • Information and public health The third edition of Issues in Public Health provides a thorough overview of the key concepts, practices, and principles of public health. Timely and relevant examples have been used to illustrate the challenges and opportunities global events such as the COVID-19 pandemic have brought to the surface. Understanding Public Health is an innovative series published by Open University Press in collaboration with the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, where it is used as a key learning resource for postgraduate programmes. It provides self-directed learning covering the major issues in public health affecting low, middle and high income countries. Series Editors: Rosalind Plowman and Nicki Thorogood.
Marine Ecology: Processes, Systems, and Impacts offers a carefully balanced and stimulating survey of marine ecology, introducing the key processes and systems from which the marine environment is formed, and the issues and challenges which surround its future conservation.
This special bundle contains seven books that detail Canada’s long and storied history in the performing arts. We learn about Canada’s early Hollywood celebrity movie stars; Canadians’ vast contributions to successful international stage musicals; the story of The Grand, a famous theatre in London, Ontario; reminiscences from the early days of radio; the history of the renowned Stratford Festival; and a lavish history of the famous National Ballet of Canada. Canada’s performing artists blossomed in the twentieth century, and you can learn all about it here. Includes Broadway North Let’s Go to The Grand! Once Upon a Time in Paradise Passion to Dance Sky Train Romancing the Bard Stardust and Shadows
Apply the latest scientific and clinical advances with Wall & Melzack's Textbook of Pain, 6th Edition. Drs. Stephen McMahon, Martin Koltzenburg, Irene Tracey, and Dennis C. Turk, along with more than 125 other leading authorities, present all of the latest knowledge about the genetics, neurophysiology, psychology, and assessment of every type of pain syndrome. They also provide practical guidance on the full range of today's pharmacologic, interventional, electrostimulative, physiotherapeutic, and psychological management options. Consult this title on your favorite e-reader with intuitive search tools and adjustable font sizes. Elsevier eBooks provide instant portable access to your entire library, no matter what device you're using or where you're located. Benefit from the international, multidisciplinary knowledge and experience of a "who's who" of international authorities in pain medicine, neurology, neurosurgery, neuroscience, psychiatry, psychology, physical medicine and rehabilitation, palliative medicine, and other relevant fields. Translate scientific findings into clinical practice with updates on the genetics of pain, new pharmacologic and treatment information, and much more. Easily visualize important scientific concepts with a high-quality illustration program, now in full color throughout. Choose the safest and most effective management methods with expanded coverage of anesthetic techniques. Stay abreast of the latest global developments regarding opioid induced hyperalgesia, addiction and substance abuse, neuromodulation and pain management, identification of specific targets for molecular pain, and other hot topics.
This new volume of the Biopsy Interpretation Series is a practical, superbly illustrated reference on the primary non-lymphoid neoplasms of the skin. The book offers guidelines on how and when to biopsy the skin and then discusses benign melanocytic proliferations, precursor lesions to melanoma, and melanomas. Also included are discussions of basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and its precursors, benign and malignant adnexal neoplasms, and soft tissue neoplasms of the skin and superficial subcutis. A major highlight of the book is the extensive discussion of differential diagnostic considerations and their separation from the main diagnostic entities under consideration. The book features nearly 300 full-color images. A companion Website will provide 400 additional figures, plus a test bank that is ideal for board exam preparation.
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