This volume presents the beliefs and values of people in European countries and the trends that appeared at turn of the century. Based on survey data from the 1981, 1990, 1999, and 2008 values studies in Europe, trends in human values are examined concerning important life domains such as religion and morality, primary relations and family life, work and leisure time, society and political culture. It shows the cultural varieties and similarities in value profiles of the Europeans at the end of the 20th and beginning of the 21st century.
In this monograph we apply scattering theory methods to calculations in quantum ?eld theory, with a particular focus on properties of the quantum vacuum. These methods will provide e?cient and reliable solutions to a - riety of problems in quantum ?eld theory. Our approach will also elucidate in a concrete context many of the subtleties of quantum ?eld theory, such as divergences, regularization, and renormalization, by connecting them to more familiar results in quantum mechanics. We will use tools of scattering theory to characterize the spectrum of energyeigenstatesinapotentialbackground,hencethetermspectralmethods. This mode spectrum comprises both discrete bound states and a continuum of scattering states. We develop a powerful formalism that parameterizes the e?ects of the continuum by the density of states, which we compute from scattering data. Summing the zero-point energies of these modes gives the energy of the quantum vacuum, which is one of the central quantities we study.Althoughthemostcommonlystudiedbackgroundpotentialsarisefrom static soliton solutions to the classical equations of motion, these methods are not limited to such cases.
Semiconductor quantum optics is on the verge of moving from the lab to real world applications. When stepping from basic research to new technologies, device engineers will need new simulation tools for the design and optimization of quantum light sources, which combine classical device physics with cavity quantum electrodynamics. This thesis aims to provide a holistic description of single-photon emitting diodes by bridging the gap between microscopic and macroscopic modeling approaches. The central result is a novel hybrid quantum-classical model system that self-consistently couples semi-classical carrier transport theory with open quantum many-body systems. This allows for a comprehensive description of quantum light emitting diodes on multiple scales: It enables the calculation of the quantum optical figures of merit together with the simulation of the spatially resolved current flow in complex, multi-dimensional semiconductor device geometries out of one box. The hybrid system is shown to be consistent with fundamental laws of (non-)equilibrium thermodynamics and is demonstrated by numerical simulations of realistic devices.
Investors are trying to generate excess returns through active investment strategies. Since the outbreak of the financial crisis, investors face a situation where increased risks are accompanied by falling key interest rates. An optimal portfolio in terms of risk and return becomes a perpetual motion machine. Markus Vollmer answers the question how the seemingly impossible could still be achieved by an empirical analysis of historical data of 1’800 stocks listed at equity markets in 24 countries covering all 19 super sectors. The author offers valid and reliable findings by using the previously mentioned data proxy. He reveals purposefully the need for further research and simultaneously he derives specific and applicable guidelines for the design of investment strategies which are extremely exciting for both the institutional expert and the private investor.
A comprehensive look at how probability and statistics is applied to the investment process Finance has become increasingly more quantitative, drawing on techniques in probability and statistics that many finance practitioners have not had exposure to before. In order to keep up, you need a firm understanding of this discipline. Probability and Statistics for Finance addresses this issue by showing you how to apply quantitative methods to portfolios, and in all matter of your practices, in a clear, concise manner. Informative and accessible, this guide starts off with the basics and builds to an intermediate level of mastery. • Outlines an array of topics in probability and statistics and how to apply them in the world of finance • Includes detailed discussions of descriptive statistics, basic probability theory, inductive statistics, and multivariate analysis • Offers real-world illustrations of the issues addressed throughout the text The authors cover a wide range of topics in this book, which can be used by all finance professionals as well as students aspiring to enter the field of finance.
Markus P. Urban investigates the influence of large shareholders (the so-called blockholders) on agency costs and firm value, thereby accounting for blockholder characteristics and blockholder interrelationships. The work provides a profound theoretical and empirical analysis on the nature and effect of shareholder engagement with due regard to the specifics of the German institutional environment. Its empirical results illustrate that the effect of shareholder engagement depends on the characteristics of the specific blockholder as well as on interrelationships with additional blockholders.
This volume presents the beliefs and values of people in European countries and the trends that appeared at turn of the century. Based on survey data from the 1981, 1990, 1999, and 2008 values studies in Europe, trends in human values are examined concerning important life domains such as religion and morality, primary relations and family life, work and leisure time, society and political culture. It shows the cultural varieties and similarities in value profiles of the Europeans at the end of the 20th and beginning of the 21st century.
In this monograph we apply scattering theory methods to calculations in quantum ?eld theory, with a particular focus on properties of the quantum vacuum. These methods will provide e?cient and reliable solutions to a - riety of problems in quantum ?eld theory. Our approach will also elucidate in a concrete context many of the subtleties of quantum ?eld theory, such as divergences, regularization, and renormalization, by connecting them to more familiar results in quantum mechanics. We will use tools of scattering theory to characterize the spectrum of energyeigenstatesinapotentialbackground,hencethetermspectralmethods. This mode spectrum comprises both discrete bound states and a continuum of scattering states. We develop a powerful formalism that parameterizes the e?ects of the continuum by the density of states, which we compute from scattering data. Summing the zero-point energies of these modes gives the energy of the quantum vacuum, which is one of the central quantities we study.Althoughthemostcommonlystudiedbackgroundpotentialsarisefrom static soliton solutions to the classical equations of motion, these methods are not limited to such cases.
Masterarbeit aus dem Jahr 2012 im Fachbereich Informatik - Sonstiges, Note: 2, Fachhochschule Salzburg, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: Die vorliegende Masterthesis untersucht den Zusammenhang zwischen Mulitplayer- Games und Computerspielsucht. Zunächst werden Mechanismen erläutert, die das Eintauchen in virtuelle Welten ermöglichen, ebenso wie die Motivationshintergründe der SpielerInnen, sich in selbige versinken zu lassen. Auch die Erörterung der Relevanz bestimmter Faktoren, wie das Flow Erlebnis, ist notwendig, um ein Verständnis für das Eintauchen in virtuelle Welten zu generieren. Computerspielsucht ist eine komplexe Thematik, die nicht nur durch eine Komponente erzeugt wird, sondern meist durch das Zusammenspiel mehrerer Faktoren auftritt. So wird nach den Ursachen nicht selten in der Entwicklungspsychologie und den sozialen Erlebnissen eines Kindes gesucht, das, unter gegebenen Umständen, in der Funktion des Computerspielens nicht nur den Zweck der Unterhaltung, sondern auch den der Kompensation realweltlicher (sozialer) Defizite sieht. Die Fragestellung dieser Masterthesis lautet, in wieweit das gemeinsame Spielen mit realen MitspielerInnen das Suchtpotential von Computerspielen verstärken kann und wie sich das Spielen in der Gemeinschaft auf das Spielerlebnis der SpielerIn auswirkt. Die Zuhilfenahme diverser Studien bezüglich Computerspielsucht soll die Thematik auch in Zahlen und Fakten veranschaulichen. Anhand von Studienergebnissen über das Suchtpotential des Computerspiels World of Warcraft sollen die Zusammenhänge zwischen Sozialität und Faktoren wie Belohnung erörtert werden. Letztendlich ist diese Masterthesis bemüht, die anfangs gestellte Forschungsfrage anhand gewonnener Erkenntnisse zu beantworten.
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