The IMF stands at a crossroad. Derided as increasingly irrelevant in the first decade of the new millennium, the Fund has had its power and prestige restored by the fallout from the 2008 global financial crisis. But will the resurgent IMF assert a more just and sustainable macroeconomic model and provide a voice for poor and marginalized people around the globe? Or will enduring weaknesses within the IMF mean it fails to address these issues? In this book, Bessma Momani and Mark R. Hibben dissect the variables and institutional dynamics at play in IMF governance, surveillance, lending, and capacity development to expose the fundamental barriers to change. Identifying four areas that could “fix” the IMF, they show how these genuine and workable solutions can give the IMF the effectiveness and legitimacy it needs to positively shape twenty-first-century global governance and push back against volatile and regressive forces in the international political economy.
“Every once in awhile a writer of particular skills takes a fresh, seemingly improbable idea and turns out a book of pure delight.” That’s how David McCullough described Mark Kurlansky’s Cod: A Biography of the Fish That Changed the World, a work that revealed how a meal can be as important as it is edible. Salt: A World History, its successor, did the same for a seasoning, and confirmed Kurlansky as one of our most erudite and entertaining food authors. Now, the winner of the James Beard Award for Excellence in Food Writing shares a varied selection of “choice cuts” by others, as he leads us on a mouthwatering culinary tour around the world and through history and culture from the fifth century B.C. to the present day. Choice Cuts features more than two hundred pieces, from Cato to Cab Calloway. Here are essays by Plato on the art of cooking . . . Pablo Neruda on french fries . . . Alice B. Toklas on killing a carp . . . M. F. K. Fisher on the virility of Turkish desserts . . . Alexandre Dumas on coffee . . . W. H. Auden on Icelandic food . . . Elizabeth David on the downward march of English pizza . . . Claude Lévi-Strauss on “the idea of rotten” . . . James Beard on scrambled eggs . . . Balzac, Virginia Woolf, E. M. Forster, Chekhov, and many other famous gourmands and gourmets, accomplished cooks, or just plain ravenous writers on the passions of cuisine.
When City of Discontent was first published, it bore the subtitle "An interpretive biography of Vachel Lindsay, being also the story of Springfield, Illinois, USA, and of the love of the poet for that city, that state, and that nation." But the book is, like Carl Sandburg's Lincoln, not so much a biography as a poetic interpretation of the life of one of the state's leading poets of the first half of the century. "A lively, swift-moving, sympathetic story of a man who deserves to be remembered. . . . A book people will enjoy, and suffer over, and not soon forget." -- Library Journal
Provides descriptions and prices for collectible knives, along with information about collecting the item, different types and brands, main components, and factors that can affect its value.
Learn how oxidative stress affects fresh fruits and vegetables--and how to inhibit this process! This vital book brings together internationally respected authorities who share their experiences, insights, and approaches to postharvest oxidative stress. It examines the factors that induce oxidative stress and the processes by which oxidative stress affects the quality, shelf life, and nutritional value of fruits and vegetables after harvest. Postharvest Oxidative Stress in Horticultural Crops also explores regulation of oxygen species production and the function of antioxidants, and examines technologies that can enhance the resistance of fruits and vegetables to oxidative stress. With Postharvest Oxidative Stress in Horticultural Crops, you'll examine: the impact of various storage temperatures and atmospheres senescence dynamics superficial scald and other symptoms of postharvest oxidative stress antioxidants and their role in inhibiting oxidative stress regulation of superoxide, hydroxyl radical, and hydrogen peroxide production physical treatments and chemical treatments that can reduce oxidative stress genetic engineering techniques designed to combat the tendency toward postharvest oxidative stress Essential for researchers, teachers, and advanced students in plant physiology, biochemistry, molecular biology, biotechnology, breeding, and horticulture, Postharvest Oxidative Stress in Horticultural Crops is also vital for everyone whose day-to-day work is impacted by plant stress.
This books provides a timely comparative case study that reveals the factors driving the International Monetary Fund's policy reform in Low Income Developing Countries (LIDCs), as a resurgent IMF expands its footprint in the world's poorest states. Through a research design that employs both mainstream and critical IPE theory, Mark Hibben uncovers three major tendencies. Principal-agent analysis, he argues, demonstrates that coalition formation among powerful states, IMF staff and management, and other influential actors is necessary for policy reform. At the same time, he uses constructivist analysis to show that ideational frameworks of what merits appropriate macroeconomic policy response also have an impact on reform efforts, and that IMF management and staff seek legitimacy in their policy choices. In response to the crises in 1999 and 2008, the author maintains, poverty and inequality now 'matter' in IMF thinking and serve as an opportunity for policy insiders and external actors to deepen the institution's new commitment to 'inclusive' growth. Finally, Hibben draws on neo-Gramscian analysis to highlight how the IMF looked to soften the destabilizing effects of globalization through reforms focused on stakeholder participation in poor states and will continue to do so in its support of the new United Nation Sustainable Development Goals. This means that the 2015-2030 time period will be a critical juncture for IMF LIDC reform. By drawing from diverse theoretical traditions, the author thus provides a unique framework for the study of contemporary IMF change and how best those interested in LIDC policy reform can meet this objective.
This is the history of temperance and prohibition as you've never read it before: redefining temperance as a progressive, global, pro-justice movement that affected virtually every significant world leader from the eighteenth through early twentieth centuries. When most people think of the prohibition era, they think of speakeasies, rum runners, and backwoods fundamentalists railing about the ills of strong drink. In other words, in the popular imagination, it is a peculiarly American history. Yet, as Mark Lawrence Schrad shows in Smashing the Liquor Machine, the conventional scholarship on prohibition is extremely misleading for a simple reason: American prohibition was just one piece of a global phenomenon. Schrad's pathbreaking history of prohibition looks at the anti-alcohol movement around the globe through the experiences of pro-temperance leaders like Vladimir Lenin, Leo Tolstoy, Thomás Masaryk, Kemal Atatürk, Mahatma Gandhi, and anti-colonial activists across Europe, Asia, Africa, and the Middle East. Schrad argues that temperance wasn't "American exceptionalism" at all, but rather one of the most broad-based and successful transnational social movements of the modern era. In fact, Schrad offers a fundamental re-appraisal of this colorful era to reveal that temperance forces frequently aligned with progressivism, social justice, liberal self-determination, democratic socialism, labor rights, women's rights, and indigenous rights. Placing the temperance movement in a deep global context, forces us to fundamentally rethink its role in opposing colonial exploitation throughout American history as well. Prohibitionism united Native American chiefs like Little Turtle and Black Hawk; African-American leaders Frederick Douglass, Ida Wells, and Booker T. Washington; suffragists Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Susan B. Anthony, and Frances Willard; progressives from William Lloyd Garrison to William Jennings Bryan; writers F.E.W. Harper and Upton Sinclair, and even American presidents from Thomas Jefferson and Abraham Lincoln to Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson. Progressives rather than puritans, the global temperance movement advocated communal self-protection against the corrupt and predatory "liquor machine" that had become exceedingly rich off the misery and addictions of the poor around the world, from the slums of South Asia to the beerhalls of Central Europe to the Native American reservations of the United States. Unlike many traditional "dry" histories, Smashing the Liquor Machine gives voice to minority and subaltern figures who resisted the global liquor industry, and further highlights that the impulses that led to the temperance movement were far more progressive and variegated than American readers have been led to believe.
It is one of the great mysteries in the archaeology of the Americas: the depopulation of the northern Southwest in the late thirteenth-century AD. Considering the numbers of people affected, the distances moved, the permanence of the departures, the severity of the surrounding conditions, and the human suffering and culture change that accompanied them, the abrupt conclusion to the farming way of life in this region is one of the greatest disruptions in recorded history. Much new paleoenvironmental data, and a great deal of archaeological survey and excavation, permit the fifteen scientists represented here much greater precision in determining the timing of the depopulation, the number of people affected, and the ways in which northern Pueblo peoples coped—and failed to cope—with the rapidly changing environmental and demographic conditions they encountered throughout the 1200s. In addition, some of the scientists in this volume use models to provide insights into the processes behind the patterns they find, helping to narrow the range of plausible explanations. What emerges from these investigations is a highly pertinent story of conflict and disruption as a result of climate change, environmental degradation, social rigidity, and conflict. Taken as a whole, these contributions recognize this era as having witnessed a competition between differing social and economic organizations, in which selective migration was considerably hastened by severe climatic, environmental, and social upheaval. Moreover, the chapters show that it is at least as true that emigration led to the collapse of the northern Southwest as it is that collapse led to emigration.
The true story of America’s first superstar evangelist that “fills a significant gap in the history of revivalism” (The New York Times Book Review). Once she answered the divine calling, Aimee Semple McPherson rose fast from unfulfilled housewife in Rhode Island to “miracle woman”—the most enigmatic, pioneering, media-savvy Christian evangelist in the country. She preached up and down the United States, traveling in a 1912 Packard with her mother and her children—and without a man to fix flat tires. Her ministry was rolled out in tents, concert halls, boxing rings, and speakeasies. She prayed for the healing of hundreds of thousands of people, founded the Foursquare Church, and built a Pentecostal temple in Los Angeles of Hollywood-epic dimensions (Charlie Chaplin advised her on sets). But this is not just a story of McPherson’s cult of fame. It’s also the story about its price: exhaustion, insomnia, nervous breakdowns, sexual scandals, loneliness, and the notorious public disgrace that nearly destroyed her. A “powerhouse biography of perhaps the most charismatic and controversial woman in modern religious history,” Sister Aimee is, above all, the life story of a unique woman, of the power of passion that rejects compromise, and a faith that would not be shaken (Kirkus Reviews). “[Told] with insight, empathy and lyrical power . . . Daniel Mark Epstein sees the facts, and feels the mystery, and he has written a remarkable book.” —Los Angeles Times
This book serves to update knowledge about light with the help of new actual data derived from the easily reproducible experiments described therein. They form the basis of a new theory that interprets up-to-date verifiable information according to the various speeds of the lights involved. In view of recent rapid advances in technology, one may be surprised to learn that at least two of the basic tenets of optics are over a thousand years old, namely the law of reflection, over two millennia old, and the law of reciprocity, which has not changed for over a thousand years. The aim of this treatise is to update our knowledge about light with the help of new actual data derived from easily reproducible experiments. Since light is in space and requires time for its motion, these terms are defined as the basis of actual new observations. Similarly, the second chapter furnishes a brief historical background. The chapter "Light Speed in Media" reports relevant new and old experiments with up-to-date interpretations while "Speeds in Space" examines anew light's general motions in space.
This book provides a solid, accurate, and helpful practical reference to those seeking interim relief orders, or fighting them, and to show how they can be flexible to protect legal rights and achieve a cost effective practical result in litigation and arbitration. Litigation and any other form of dispute resolution is redundant if the winning party cannot enforce its judgment or award, or cannot hold the position between the parties in the interim before a decision is made. The theory of who should win needs to give way to the practical, but often complicated, task of ensuring that all relevant evidence is before the decision-maker (judge or arbitrator) and that the potential fruits of a favourable decision are not dissipated to leave the winner without financial or practical recourse. This practitioner's guide enables you to protect your client's position in litigation or arbitration, and ensures that success in court is not hampered by destruction of evidence, or does not lead to an expensive hollow victory because no funds or assets are available.
Was the John Foster Dulles who personified the Cold War as U.S. secretary of state in the 1950s the same man who denounced narrow nationalism as a leader of worldwide ecumenism and liberal Protestantism in the 1930s? In this remarkable study Mark Toulouse documents the 'transformation' of Dulles 'from prophet of realism to priest of nationalism,' overturning misconceptions of those historians who have tended to read Dulles's early years backward from what they know of him as secretary of sate. Christian missions and international diplomacy shaped John Foster Dulles from childhood. His father was a liberal Presbyterian minister; one grandfather had been a missionary to India, while the other had served as U.S. secretary of state under Benjamin Harrison, and an uncle would serve Woodrow Wilson in the same office. As a Princeton undergraduate Dulles accompanied his grandfather to an international peace conference at The Hadue in 1907, where he became a secretary to the Chinese delegation. That experience, and a year at the Sorbonne, pointed Dulles toward international law rather than the ministry. But he remained an active, ecumenically minded Presbyterian lay leader, serving in several important denominational posts. He successfully defended the the controversial Harry Emerson Fosdick and Henry P. Van Dusen before the Presbyterian General Assembly when fundamentalists attempted to depose them. In 1921 Dulles was appointed to the newly formed Commission on International Justice and Goodwill of the Federal Council of Churches. Dulles emerged as an international leader in 1937 at the ecumenical Oxford conference on life and work. Convinced in his discussions there of the ned to translate his inherited 'spiritual values' into practical international diplomacy, Dulles organized and became chairman of the Federal Council's Commission to Study the Bases of a Just and Durable Peace. Through the years of world war and as a participant in the United Nations Conference in 1945, Dulles sought a peace that would transcend the narrow concerns of nationalism and political ideology. But after 1945, as Professor Toulous shows, the 'prophetic realism' that had guided Dulles's ecumenical quest for world peace and justice became a 'priestly nationalism' that uncompromisingly pursued the international political aims of the United States in the name of a 'supreme moral law.' Toulouse's incisive analysis of that 'transformation' is compelling reading for scholars of international diplomacy and American religion, and for every person who seeks to reconcile the imperatives of religion with the necessities of statecraft" --
Princeton played the first intercollegiate football game in 1869 and, since then, has gone on to win 28 national championships and nine Ivy League titles. Over the last 140 years, Princetons Tigers have produced a Heisman Trophy winner, scores of All-Americans, and some of the games greatest legends. From soldier of fortune Johnny Poe to tragic hero Hobey Baker to Charlie Gogolak, one of the first soccer-style kickers, Princeton Football captures the players, coaches, games, and stadiums that have made the Tigers one of the most storied programs in all of college football.
Covers the laws surrounding commercial transactions that involve the development, use of commercialisation of technology and associate intellectual property rights. Types of transactions that fall within this category are research and development contracts and intellectual property licences and these form the main focus of the book. Written by experts and describing the many different areas of law that affect technology agreements such as IP, contract law, competition law and tax, this is the leading guide to this complex area of law. The new Fourth Edition has been brought completely up to date including: - Coverage of EU Horizon 2020 replacing Framework 7 funding scheme - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) - Updates in line with the Charities Act 2011 - New section on different types of standard agreements available (Lambert, NIHR, EU consortium agreements) - New material dealing with variety of relevant patent legislation: Unitary Patent and Unified Patents Court, the Intellectual Property Act 2014, Legislative Reform (Patents) Order 2014, Patents (Supplementary Protection Certificates) Regulations) 2014 - New material on the EU Trade Secrets Directive - Coverage of Regulations No 536/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 April 2014 on clinical trials on medicinal products for human use, and repealing Directive 2001/20/EC - Addition of research exception (new section 22A) from freedom of information from 1 October 2014 (Freedom of Information Act 2014) - Coverage of Technology Transfer Regulation, 316/2014 and related guidelines
The 309 letters in this volume, more than half never before published, capture the events in Mark Twain's life in 1872 and 1873 with detailed intimacy. Thoroughly annotated and indexed, they include genealogical charts, transcription of journals, book contracts, photographs, and, of course, all known letters written between 1865 and 1871. This volume is fifth in a series about the renowned author/humorist. 80 illus.
In view of recent rapid advances in technology some may be surprised to learn that at least two of the basic tenets of optics are over a thousand years old, namely the law of refl ection -- the bouncing of light off water or glass such as a mirror -- which is over two millennia old, and the law of reciprocity -- the bending of light passing the surface of water or glass -- which has not changed for over a thousand years. This volume is a slightly enlarged and amended edition of the author’s treatise by the same name published in 1982. Some of the main points of divergence from the old system are in the treatment of these basic phenomena of refl ection (Newton’s axiom II), reciprocity (Newton’s axiom III) and refraction, interpreted here by the one measurable physical property common to all lights – their motions. Furthermore, Newton’s idea that each color had its own innate property (of refraction or wavelength) is challenged. The aim of this treatise is to update our knowledge about light with the help of new actual data derived from easily reproducible experiments which form the basis of a new theory. The theory interprets this new verifi able information according to the various speeds of the lights involved. An apparent obstacle to this understanding may have been the commonly held belief that the speed of light in moving inertial frames of reference was forever constant, and therefore the evidential basis of this belief is explored in a second section of the book. The last section deals with fundamental philosophical concepts of space and time seen largely from an empirical perspective. Optics is a branch of physics, and whereas physics nowadays is wedded to mathematics the present volume starts with quantitatively perceptible reality as advocated by Ernst Mach or Max Planck: “Physics is an exact science and hence depends upon measurement, while all measurement itself requires sense-perception.”
In view of recent rapid advances in technology, one may be surprised to learn that at least two of the basic tenets of optics are over a thousand years old, namely the law of reflection and the law of reciprocity. This book serves to update existing knowledge about light with the help of new actual data derived from easily reproducible experiments. They form the basis of a new theory which interprets up-to-date, verifiable information according to the various speeds of the lights involved. Since light is in Space and requires Time for its Motion these terms are defined as the basis of the new observations detailed in the book. The second chapter furnishes a brief historical background, which is followed by chapters on optokinetics, dealing with the actual new laboratory data, and optokinematics, examining light’s general motions in space.
Mark Bernstein shows that much of the culture that surrounds American football, both good and bad, has its roots in the Ivy League. With their long winning streaks, distinctive traditions, and impressive victories, Ivy teams started a national obsession with football in the first decades of the twentieth century that remains alive today. In so doing they have helped develop our ideals about the role of athletics in college life.
As a reformative force, the literary text encouraged activism among all its readers, but affected (and was affected by) women more profoundly than, and differently from, men.".
Mark Twain's letters for 1874 and 1875 encompass one of his most productive and rewarding periods as author, husband and father, and man of property. He completed the writing of The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, published the major collection Sketches, New and Old, became a leading contributor to the Atlantic Monthly, and turned The Gilded Age, the novel he had previously coauthored with Charles Dudley Warner, into one of the most popular comedies of the nineteenth-century American stage. His personal life also was gratifying, unmarred by the family tragedies that had darkened the earlier years of the decade. He and his wife welcomed a second healthy daughter and moved into the showplace home in Hartford, Connecticut, that they occupied happily for the next sixteen years. All of these accomplishments and events are vividly captured, in Mark Twain's inimitable language and with his unmatched humor, in letters to family and friends, among them some of the leading writers of the day. The comprehensive editorial annotation supplies the historical and social context that helps make these letters as fresh and immediate to a modern audience as they were to their original readers. This volume is the sixth in the only complete edition of Mark Twain's letters ever attempted. The 348 letters it contains, many of them never before published, have been meticulously transcribed, either from the original manuscripts (when extant) or from the most reliable sources now available. They have been thoroughly annotated and indexed and are supplemented by genealogical charts, contemporary notices of Mark Twain and his works, and photographs of him, his family, and his friends.
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