This book is about the remarkable trade conflict between two agricultural superpowers with a focus on Brazil’s rapid agricultural modernization in recent decades and its impact on trade policy formation and global economic governance. Previous research, including Black (2016), trace the origins and evolution of the cotton dispute up to the August 31, 2009 final arbitration ruling that authorized Brazil to impose retaliatory trade measures to compel U.S. compliance. Inside the Cotton Dispute offers a comprehensive examination of the bilateral relations and negotiations that culminated with the October 2014 mutual solution to one of the most important trade conflicts since the establishment of the World Trade Organization.
Brazil's folk-popular poetry - "a literatura de cordel," - is perhaps the most important and vibrant variant of poetry of the masses in western culture. But not many people in the English-speaking world know much about it. Written by one of the most educated scholars on the subject, Brazil's Folk-Popular Poetry - A Literatura De Cordel goes back to the craft's origins in Portugal in the 17th and 18th centuries and tells the story of how it developed and found a place in the hearts and minds of the people of Brazil. Get ready to discover: How Spain and France influenced the poetry. Beautiful narrative poetry from forgotten poets who deserve to be rediscovered. How the "cordel" spread from northeastern Brazil to the Amazon region, to Rio de Janeiro and Sao Paulo in the South, and later to Brasilia. Why these poems are still relevant today. And much more! Become a fan of a poetry that documents religious beliefs, views on national politics, and thoughts on morality.
The last century has seen the revolutionary remaking of Christianity into a truly world religion. How did it happen? Mark Shaw's provocative thesis is that far-flung revivals in places like Africa, Korea, Brazil and India are at the heart of the global resurgence of Christianity.
In this detailed history of domestic architecture in West Africa, Peter Mark shows how building styles are closely associated with social status and ethnic identity. Mark documents the ways in which local architecture was transformed by long-distance trade and complex social and cultural interactions between local Africans, African traders from the interior, and the Portuguese explorers and traders who settled in the Senegambia region. What came to be known as "Portuguese" style symbolized the wealth and power of Luso-Africans, who identified themselves as "Portuguese" so they could be distinguished from their African neighbors. They were traders, spoke Creole, and practiced Christianity. But what did this mean? Drawing from travelers' accounts, maps, engravings, paintings, and photographs, Mark argues that both the style of "Portuguese" houses and the identity of those who lived in them were extremely fluid. "Portuguese" Style and Luso-African Identity sheds light on the dynamic relationship between identity formation, social change, and material culture in West Africa.
The tropics are home to most of the world’s biodiversity and are currently the frontier for human settlement. Tropical ecosystems are being converted to agricultural and other land uses at unprecedented rates. Land conversion and maintenance almost always rely on fire and, because of this, fire is now more prevalent in the tropics than anywhere else on Earth. Despite pervasive fire, human settlement and threatened biodiversity, there is little comprehensive information available on fire and its effects in tropical ecosystems. Tropical deforestation, especially in rainforests, has been widely documented for many years. Forests are cut down and allowed to dry before being burned to remove biomass and release nutrients to grow crops. However, fires do not always stop at the borders of cleared forests. Tremendously damaging fires are increasingly spreading into forests that were never evolutionarily prepared for wild fires. The largest fires on the planet in recent decades have occurred in tropical forests and burned millions of hectares in several countries. The numerous ecosystems of the tropics have differing levels of fire resistance, resilience or dependence. At present, there is little appreciation of the seriousness of the wild fire situation in tropical rainforests but there is even less understanding of the role that fire plays in the ecology of many fire adapted tropical ecosystems, such as savannas, grasslands and other forest types.
The explosive growth and increasing complexity of global financial markets are defining characteristics of the contemporary world economy. Unfortunately, financial globalization has been accompanied by a marked increase in the frequency and severity of financial crises. The International Monetary Fund (IMF) has taken a central role in managing these crises through its loans to developing countries. Despite extensive analysis and criticism of the IMF in recent years, key questions remain unanswered. Why does the Fund treat some countries more generously than others? To what extent is IMF lending driven by political factors rather than economic concerns? In whose interests does the IMF act? In this book, Mark Copelovitch offers novel answers to these questions. Combining statistical analysis with detailed case studies, he demonstrates how the politics and policies of the IMF have evolved over the last three decades in response to fundamental changes in the composition of international capital flows.
The most comprehensive, current sickle cell disease resource—for both clinicians and researchers A Doody's Core Title for 2023! The first and only resource of its kind, Sickle Cell Disease examines this blood disorder through both clinical and research lenses. More than 80 dedicated experts in the field present their combined clinical knowledge of basic mechanisms, screening, diagnosis, management, and treatment of myriad complex complications of a single base point mutation in the human genome. Case studies with “How I Treat” authoritative insights provide overviews of common and rare complications, and Key Facts offer at-a-glance high-yield information. Filled with clinical photos, illustrations, numerous original diagrams, and with free updates available online, this unmatched resource covers: Mechanisms of sickle cell disease Historic and current research approaches The latest work in gene therapy and editing Guidelines for patient care, diagnosis, unique cases, and therapies Rare and common complications, including domestic and internationally relevant topics Psychosocial and supportive care The newest standards of therapy and future treatment options in children and adults Cardiopulmonary complications
[The editors] have written this book to help students analyze the problems confronting some important democracies throughout the world and to equip them with an understanding of where these countries may be headed politically once they move beyond the current crossroads ... The wide range of cases provided enables students to analyze continuities and contrasts among democratic regimes ... In [the book, the editors] emphasize patterns of state formation, political economy, domestic politics, and the politics of collective identities within the context of an international political and economic system.-Pref.
This concise text provides students and instructors with a comprehensive overview of world politics, inviting them in a straightforward and accessible way to explore international relations and its new challenges. A hallmark of the text is the authors' position that politics affect the lives of all of us, and that the individual can have an impact, whether small or large, by being politically aware and by taking action..
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