The pioneering scientist’s doctoral thesis on radioactivity that won her the 1903 Nobel Prize in Physics. In 1896, Antoine Henri Becquerel discovered the first evidence of radioactivity. Inspired by the physicist’s work, Marie Curie began investigating this phenomenon further with the help of her husband, Pierre. For four years, the couple researched various minerals and substances for radioactivity, a term she coined. In Radioactive Substances,Curie outlines with great detail her painstaking research and discoveries, which include the elements radium and polonium. Due to their breakthroughs, Marie and Pierre were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1903, the first of two for Marie.
IN HER recent visit to America, Madame Curie conferred a special honor upon Vassar College by delivering in the chapel on the evening of May fourteenth the only extended address which she made in this country. In a simple, straightforward way she told the story of her great achievement. One realized how, closely environed by all the great realities of human experience, in the face of tremendous difficulties and with limited resources, she had pursued undaunted her search for truth. The discovery of radium gave Madame Curie immediate distinction among scientists on account of the extremely significant contribution she thereby made to the great ultimate problem of physical science, the constitution of matter. The striking properties possessed by radium gave to its discovery a world-wide interest, all the more intense because of the hope which was inspired by the possible healing qualities of the radiations from this new element. That hope is being realized in large measure. It is therefore fitting that this address should have been given by Madame Curie at Vassar and that it should now be circulated among the members of the college under the foundation in memory of Ellen S. Richards, who devoted her life to the public health. This Edition comes with the following contents: Prefatory Note ii The Discovery Of Radium iii Introduction. 1 Historical. 4 Chapter I. 6 Radio-Activity Of Uranium And Thorium. Radio-Active Minerals. 6 Chapter II. 26 Method Of Research. 26 Chapter III. Radiation Of The New Radio-Active Substances. 51 Chapter IV. 119 Communication Of Radio-Activity To Substances Initially Inactive. 119 Nature And Cause Of The Phenomena Of Radio-Activity. 16
«Querido Pierre, a quien nunca volveré a ver aquí, quiero hablarte en el silencio de este laboratorio, donde no pensaba que tendría que vivir sin ti. Y, antes, quiero recordar los últimos días que vivimos juntos». Con estas palabras abre Marie Curie la entrada de su diario (30 de abril de 1906) en la que recoge el terrible pesar por la muerte accidental de su marido Pierre, con quien había compartido pasión científica y descubrimientos cruciales acerca de la radiactividad, por los que fueron galardonados con el Premio Nobel de Física. El desgarro por la pérdida del ser más querido, pero también la evocación de los momentos de plenitud personal y científica, los rigores de la competencia académica o la forma de encajar esos elementos en su condición de mujer son algunas de las facetas que reflejan los extraordinarios escritos reunidos por vez primera en el presente volumen, entre los que descuellan la biografía que escribió sobre su marido y una extensa semblanza autobiográfica, así como las notas de laboratorio redactadas en los años del descubrimiento del radio y el polonio, además de secciones de su diario personal. Estas piezas componen una suerte de «Curie confidencial» que nos permite conocer de primera mano, desde la inmediatez y la intimidad personales, algunos episodios decisivos de la ciencia del siglo xx, y adentrarnos en los anhelos, conquistas y sentimientos de una mujer pionera en casi todos los frentes. Una vida y una vocación a través de su propia voz. (Selección y prólogo de Xavier Roqué.) Autor: Marie Curie (1867-1934), licenciada en Física y Matemáticas, se doctoró en 1903 con un estudio sobre las sustancias radiactivas que la hizo merecedora, junto a su marido Pierre Curie y Henri Becquerel, del Premio Nobel de Física de ese mismo año. Catedrática de Física en La Sorbona en 1906, recibió un segundo Premio Nobel en 1911, en esta ocasión de Química, por el descubrimiento del radio y el polonio. Junto a su eminente papel científico, su vida tuvo un importante sesgo público y se convirtió en uno de los rostros más célebres de la ciencia de principios del siglo xx. Colaboró activamente en mejorar la atención médica a los heridos en los campos de combate de la Primera Guerra Mundial, fundó en París y en su Varsovia natal instituciones científicas para el estudio de la radiactividad y recibió, sobre todo en sus últimos años, homenajes y reconocimientos de todo orden, incluido un viaje a los Estados Unidos en 1921. Sus restos reposan en el Panteón de París, con lo que se ha convertido en la primera mujer en recibir semejante honor. La introducción ha sido redactada por Xavier Roqué, profesor de Historia de la Ciencia de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona y especialista en la historia de la física del siglo xx, a la que ha dedicado trabajos y ediciones de textos sobre radiactividad, relatividad y mecánica cuántica.
It is my earnest desire that some of you shall carry on this scientific work and will keep for your ambition the determination to make a permanent contribution to science.M. Curie
New York Times and USA Today bestselling author Marie Benedict has captivated readers with her gorgeous stories of the women forgotten to history. Now, get four of her acclaimed novels in this specially priced e-book bundle: The Other Einstein, Carnegie's Maid, The Only Woman in the Room, and Lady Clementine PLUS an exclusive excerpt from The Mystery of Mrs. Christie. "... Intimate and immersive historical novel.... Prepare to be moved by this provocative history of a woman whose experiences will resonate with today's readers."—Library Journal on The Other Einstein "A sensational novel that turns the conventional Cinderella story into an all-American triumph."—Sarah McCoy, New York Times and international bestselling author of The Mapmaker's Children and The Baker's Daughter on Carnegie's Maid "Benedict paints a shining portrait of a complicated woman... Readers will be enthralled."—Publishers Weekly on The Only Woman in the Room "Benedict is a true master at weaving the threads of the past into a compelling story for today."—Susan Meissner, bestselling author of The Last Year of the War on Lady Clementine
From beloved New York Times and USA Today bestselling author Marie Benedict comes the story of a not-so-famous scientist who not only loved Albert Einstein, but also shaped the theories that brought him lasting renown. In the tradition of Beatriz Williams and Paula McClain, Marie Benedict's The Other Einstein offers us a window into a brilliant, fascinating woman whose light was lost in Einstein's enormous shadow. This novel resurrects Einstein's wife, a brilliant physicist in her own right, whose contribution to the special theory of relativity is hotly debated. Was she simply Einstein's sounding board, an assistant performing complex mathematical equations? Or did she contribute something more? Mitza Maric has always been a little different from other girls. Most twenty-year-olds are wives by now, not studying physics at an elite Zurich university with only male students trying to outdo her clever calculations. But Mitza is smart enough to know that, for her, math is an easier path than marriage. Then fellow student Albert Einstein takes an interest in her, and the world turns sideways. Theirs becomes a partnership of the mind and of the heart, but there might not be room for more than one genius in a marriage. Marie Benedict illuminates one pioneering woman in STEM, returning her to the forefront of history's most famous scientists. "The Other Einstein takes you into Mileva's heart, mind, and study as she tries to forge a place for herself in a scientific world dominated by men."—Bustle Recommended by PopSugar, Bustle, Booklist, Library Journal and more! Other Bestselling Historical Fiction from Marie Benedict: The Mystery of Mrs. Christie The Only Woman in the Room Lady Clementine Carnegie's Maid
This book demonstrates scientific computing by presenting twelve computational projects in several disciplines including Fluid Mechanics, Thermal Science, Computer Aided Design, Signal Processing and more. Each follows typical steps of scientific computing, from physical and mathematical description, to numerical formulation and programming and critical discussion of results. The text teaches practical methods not usually available in basic textbooks: numerical checking of accuracy, choice of boundary conditions, effective solving of linear systems, comparison to exact solutions and more. The final section of each project contains the solutions to proposed exercises and guides the reader in using the MATLAB scripts available online.
From Ada Lovelace (computing) to Marie Curie (Physics and Chemistry), these exceptional women enabled the world to advance in all fields of science including space exploration (Mae Jemison), telecommunications (the actress also genius discoverer Hedy Lamarr), and Biology (Rosalind Franklin). An inspiration going counter to preconceived notions about women and science, presenting a diverse group from around the world.
Uncover the mysterious journey from ancient mythology to modern science with "Red Thread: Occult to Science and Beyond". Delve into the fascinating patterns that connect these seemingly disparate worlds and discover the captivating story of how esoteric practices like alchemy paved the way for today's cutting-edge scientific advancements. Get ready to be swept away on a thrilling journey as you explore the threads that bind the mysteries of the past to the discoveries of the present.
the attention of The publication of Charles Pisot's thesis in 1938 brought to the mathematical community those marvelous numbers now known as the Pisot numbers (or the Pisot-Vijayaraghavan numbers). Although these numbers had been discovered earlier by A. Thue and then by G. H. Hardy, it was Pisot's result in that paper of 1938 that provided the link to harmonic analysis, as discovered by Raphael Salem and described in a series of papers in the 1940s. In one of these papers, Salem introduced the related class of numbers, now universally known as the Salem numbers. These two sets of algebraic numbers are distinguished by some striking arith metic properties that account for their appearance in many diverse areas of mathematics: harmonic analysis, ergodic theory, dynamical systems and alge braic groups. Until now, the best known and most accessible introduction to these num bers has been the beautiful little monograph of Salem, Algebraic Numbers and Fourier Analysis, first published in 1963. Since the publication of Salem's book, however, there has been much progress in the study of these numbers. Pisot had long expressed the desire to publish an up-to-date account of this work, but his death in 1984 left this task unfulfilled.
In Augustino and the Choir of Destrucion literary legend and three-time winner of the Governor General's Literary Award Marie-Claire Blais delivers the third volume in the prize-winning series (These Festive Nights, Thunder and Light, Augustino and the Choir of Destruction, and Rebecca, Born in the Maelstrom) acclaimed as one of the greatest undertakings in modern Quebec fiction. Augustino and the Choir of Destruction is set on an island in the Gulf of Mexico that is home to the full spectrum of humanity: the rich, the poor, the powerful, the humble, artists, criminals. With her unique, signature use of punctuation, Marie-Claire Blais manages to brilliantly show in one flashing stroke men and women; victims and tormentors; child kamikaze pilots and petty thieves from Bahama Street; Charles, a great poet cut down by AIDS; Cinderella, a transvestite prostituting himself to a customer at the Porte du Baiser saloon; Caroline, an artist and photographer who has seen all the hidden treasures of the world; and Augustino, a clairvoyant child-writer. These individual destinies combine in Blais' vision to form a single harmonic texture.
T is for a Time Alphabet uses poetry and expository text to explore the concept of time, from explaining basic units of measurement to showcasing important scientific achievements. Topics include famous inventors (Albert Einstein and John Harrison) and important structures and landmarks (Kulkulkan Pyramid and Big Ben). Budding scientists will discover what world-famous stone structure is believed to be an early calendar, follow the voyages of explorer Ferdinand Magellan to better understand the International Date Line, and learn to tell time using the Zulu time system.
Law and Economics in Jane Austen traces principles of law and economics in sex, marriage and romance as set out in the novels of Jane Austen, unveiling how those meticulous principles still control today’s modern romance. You will learn fascinating new insights into law and economics by seeing these disciplines through Jane Austen’s eyes. Readers who find themselves wishing Jane Austen had written just one more novel, or that she had somewhere offered more examination and analysis of her characters’ predicaments, or who desire to go deeper with her investigation of love, money and culture will praise this book. Discovering the legal and economic principles that drove her stories, Jane Austen’s Law & Economics reveals that the more things change, the more they stay the same. Love and money are constants in social connection. While culture may have changed over 300 years, principles of law and economics remain staples of modern romance – which is why Jane Austen continues to fascinate the modern mind. So sit back, enjoy, and be pleasantly taught and surprised at what you will learn from the methodical mind of Jane.
Marie Sklodowska Curie (1867-1934) was a Polish and naturalized-French physicist and chemist who conducted pioneering research on radioactivity. She was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize, the first person and only woman to win the Nobel Prize twice, and the only person to win the Nobel Prize in two different scientific fields. She was also the first woman to become a professor at the University of Paris. She named the first chemical element she discovered polonium after her native country. She died of aplastic anaemia from exposure to radiation in the course of her scientific research and from her radiological work at field hospitals during WWI. This work is her thesis presented to the Faculté des Sciences de Paris, which appeared in English translation in the Chemical News 1903, Vol. 88, and was published in book form the following year. Illustrated with 12 diagrams.
With this astounding fourth novel in her ongoing series of contemporary masterpieces, Marie-Claire Blais invites us again to enter a complex circle of unforgettable characters. But this time, the tone is different: Blais’ writing has acquired a new, buoyant, electrifying rhythm — a rhythm described as "the heartbeat of the world." As we follow a central character named Rebecca, the voice in the novel becomes the voice of the world inventing itself, and the future playing itself out. Here Nigel Spencer, Marie-Claire Blais’ longtime translator, gives us Blais’ singular vision in supple English prose that is as transcendent and nuanced as the original French.
A profound and fascinating exploration of death and the afterlife! Christian and other religious beliefs, rituals from around the world, quests for immortality, scientists’ conclusions, ghosts, and more! What happens when we die? Many view it as a mystery, but there are tantalizing clues to be found in the Bible and other religious scriptures, scientific findings, historical writings, literature, reports of near-death experiences, and in many other recorded sources. Facing the contradictions and similarities of beliefs from all over the world and throughout history, The Afterlife Book: Heaven, Hell, and Life After Death shows how death and the afterlife is viewed in a variety of different ways. This engrossing guide looks at the many competing views of the afterlife—and the shared connections between them, including ... Where ideas of Heaven and Hell came from and why they endure. What happens during near death experiences and out of body experiences, What is known about reincarnation and immortality. How death is linked to ghosts and apparitions, mediumship, and spiritualism. How the quest for immortality and transhumanism may play a role in one day ending death. How science and spirituality can often say the same thing—only in different languages and terminologies. How death and the dead have been celebrated, memorialized, and honored in the past and present. What happens to the human body just before, during, and immediately after physical death. What happens to the cells, tissues, heart, and brain as a result of the physical process of dying and decomposition. How burial and cremation traditions, rites, rituals, and controversies address consciousness and the existence of a soul. What religious leaders, philosophers, and scientists have to say about consciousness and the soul. Whether animals and pets have souls. Is death just a mysterious phase in our journey? Does it lead to Heaven (or Hell)? Is it reincarnation or simply eternal blackness and unconsciousness? Do we continue to exist in some form or other beyond our physical bodies? The Afterlife Book tackles these questions and gives us all hope that our lives do not come to an end but change like the natural cycles of birth, life, death, and rebirth! It’s many photos and illustrations help bring the text to life, and its helpful bibliography and extensive index add to its usefulness.
The few reported controlled studies show that bilateral stimulation of the globus pallidus interna (GPi) is a safe and effective long-term treatment for hyperkinetic disorders. However, the recently published data on deep brain stimulation (DBS) applied to different targets or patients (especially those with secondary dystonia) are mainly uncontrolled case reports, precluding a clear determination of its efficacy, and providing little guidance as to the choice of a “good” target in a “good” patient. This chapter reviews the literature on DBS in primary dystonia, paying particular attention to the risk:benefit ratio in focal and segmental dystonias (cervical dystonia, cranial dystonia) and to the predictive factors for a good outcome. The chapter also highlights recent data on the marked benefits of the technique in myoclonus dystonia (in which pallidal, as opposed to thalamic, stimulation is more effective) and in tardive dystonia–dyskinesia. Although, the decision to treat appears relatively straightforward in patients with primary dystonia, myoclonus–dystonia, and tardive dystonia who have a normal findings on magnetic resonance imaging and normal cognitive function, there are still no reliable tools to help predict the timescale of postoperative benefit. This chapter provides a comprehensive analysis of the use of the treatment in various types of secondary dystonia, with little to moderate benefit in most cases, based on single cases or small series. Beyond the reduction in the severity of dystonia, the global motor and functional outcome is difficult to determine owing to the paucity of adequate evaluation tools. Because of the large interpatient variability, different targets may be effective depending on the symptoms in each individual.
This updated and revised third edition of the leading reference volume on distance metrics includes new items from very active research areas in the use of distances and metrics such as geometry, graph theory, probability theory and analysis. Among the new topics included are, for example, polyhedral metric space, nearness matrix problems, distances between belief assignments, distance-related animal settings, diamond-cutting distances, natural units of length, Heidegger’s de-severance distance, and brain distances. The publication of this volume coincides with intensifying research efforts into metric spaces and especially distance design for applications. Accurate metrics have become a crucial goal in computational biology, image analysis, speech recognition and information retrieval. Leaving aside the practical questions that arise during the selection of a ‘good’ distance function, this work focuses on providing the research community with an invaluable comprehensive listing of the main available distances. As well as providing standalone introductions and definitions, the encyclopedia facilitates swift cross-referencing with easily navigable bold-faced textual links to core entries. In addition to distances themselves, the authors have collated numerous fascinating curiosities in their Who’s Who of metrics, including distance-related notions and paradigms that enable applied mathematicians in other sectors to deploy research tools that non-specialists justly view as arcane. In expanding access to these techniques, and in many cases enriching the context of distances themselves, this peerless volume is certain to stimulate fresh research.
Americans have long had a rich if complicated relationship with France. They adore all things French, especially food and fashion. They visit the country and learn the language. Historically, Americans have also been quick to blame France at certain times of international crisis, and find fault with their handling of domestic issues. Despite ups and downs, the friendship between the countries remains very strong. The author explains the strength of Franco-American relations lies in the diplomatic ties that extend back to the founding of the United States, but more importantly, in the French DNA that is imprinted on American culture. The French were the first Europeans to settle the regions now known as Florida, Illinois, Minnesota, Iowa, Wisconsin, Missouri, Kansas and Arkansas--and Frenchman remained in Louisiana after the land was purchased by the United States. This book explores the effects that France has had on American culture, and why modern Americans of French descent are so fascinated by their ancestry.
With variety and breadth, these essays celebrate the 800th anniversary of the foundation of the Dominican Order as well as the richness in Catholic thought and praxis during the past hundred years around the world. Their themes range from Yves Congar's view of the hierarchy to Jacques Loew's theory of ministry in the workplace. Ideas from thinkers interacting with Islam and Judaism lead on to a theology of refugees. A book for those pondering theology amid history and culture.
Japan’s Fundamental Law on Education was revised in 2006 and new curriculum guidelines along with new proposals for strengthening the position of moral education reflect the increased political focus, particularly by the two Abe-administrations. Changes include increased emphasis on patriotism, on respect for life and the environment, on individual responsibility, on respecting differences and other countries and on a general strengthening of moral values. This volume describes the history of moral education in Japan, analyses recent changes in curriculum and practices, and takes a closer look at examples of official, semi-official and local discourses on moral education and values. The analysis covers policy statements, teaching material and research, Japanese as well as Western. Using theories of globalization, cosmopolitanism and universal human values it is the intention, by using an Asian example, to illustrate and elaborate upon existing discourses within theories of globalization and cosmopolitanism as well as in education and values and citizenship studies. Chapters include: Revision of the fundamental law on Education in 2006 and beyond Official and semi-official bids for contents of moral education Moral education in practice Risk, globalization and meaning in Japanese Moral Education This book will be of interest to scholars specializing in education in Japan, and scholars in the academic field of moral, character and citizenship education.
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