Over the years, a variety of software process models have been designed to structure, describe and prescribe the software systems construction process. More recently, software process modelling is increasingly dealing with new challenges raised by the tests that the software industry has to face. This book addresses these new trends in software process modeling related to: . OCo Processes for open source software;. OCo Systems dynamics to model and simulate the software process;. OCo Peopleware: the importance of people in the software development and by extension in the software process. One new software development trend is the development of open source projects. As such projects are a recent creation, the process model governing this type of developments is unfamiliar. This book deals with process modeling for open source software. It also deals with software process simulation applied to the management of software projects and improves the software development process capability according to CMM (Capability Maturity Model). Software development is a conjunction of: the organizational environment, the social environment and the technological environment. The inclusion of these environments will make it possible to output software process models that meet the specified organizational, cultural and technological requirements, providing an exhaustive analysis of the people in the software process, as well as supporting people-oriented software development. This book deals with the development of software by means of people-oriented process models that have proven to be very beneficial. Sample Chapter(s). Chapter 1: Discovering, Modeling, and Re-Enacting Open Source Software Development Processes: A Case Study (316 KB). Contents: Discovering, Modeling, and Re-enacting Open Source Software Development Processes: A Case Study (C Jensen & W Scacchi); Software Process Dynamics: Modeling, Simulation and Improvement (M Ruiz et al.); Software Process Simulation with System Dynamics OCo A Tool for Learning and Decision Support (D Pfahl et al.); High Level Software Project Modeling with System Dynamics (M De Oliveira Barros et al.); People-Oriented Capture, Display, and Use of Process Information (J Heidrich et al.); Requirements and Validation of the E3 Process Modeling System (L Jaccheri). Readership: Researchers, students and professionals of software process and development.
The Philippines series of the PALI Language Texts, under the general editorship of Howard P. McKaughan, consists of lesson textbooks, grammars, and dictionaries for seven major Filipino languages.
Little People, BIG DREAMS: Earth Heroes is a boxed gift edition set of three books - Jane Goodall, David Attenborough and Greta Thunberg - from the bestselling series.
This volume focuses on the collection of waste and waste streams as an integral aspect of sustainable waste management. The authors take economic models and behavioral studies into account to go beyond just descriptions of waste collections technologies and collection route design. Models and tools for sustainable waste collection are described in detail, and the authors provide a comprehensive, integrated methodology to design waste collection systems that reduce environmental impacts, are economically viable, and achieve buy-in and participation from target populations. Part I of the book provides fundamentals and context on waste hierarchy, including waste prevention, reduction and reuse, waste collection itself, and steps such as preparation for recycling, recycling, treatment, and landfilling. Background in environmental, social, and economic concerns surrounding waste collection is also provided here. Part II addresses tools for design, operation, and maintenance of waste collection systems. Part III focuses on how the tools presented in Part II can be used to support sustainability assessments and decisions that consider the entire life cycle of waste and the role of waste collection programs in waste prevention, reduction, reuse, recycling, treatment, and disposal. Part IV addresses the challenges of developing sustainable waste management systems and addresses the role of waste collection in sustainable waste management in the future.
This book brings together, in a single volume, the fields of multicriteria decision making and multiobjective optimization that are traditionally covered separately. Both fields have in common the presence of multiple perspectives of looking at and evaluating decisions to be taken but they differ in the number of available alternatives. Multicriteria approaches deal with decision processes where a finite number of alternatives have to be evaluated while, in multiobjective optimization, this number is infinite and the space of alternatives continuous. This book is written for students of applied mathematics, engineering, and economics and management, with no assumed previous knowledge on the subject, as well as for practitioners in industry looking for techniques to support decision making. The mathematical formalism is very low, so that all materials are accessible to most readers. Nonetheless, a rich bibliography allows interested readers to access more technical literature. The textbook is organized in eleven chapters, each corresponding to a class of about two hours. A comprehensive set of examples is presented, allowing for a didactic approach when presenting the methodologies. Each chapter ends with exercises that are designed to develop problem-solving skills and to promote concepts retention.
First published in 1999. An eclectic dictionary that covers Spanish industry, media, culture, entertainment, politics, and the arts. With entries ranging from Abascal, Nati, a top model of the Spanish jet set to Zonas Humedas, wetlands with special importance due to their location for routes of migratory birds.
In this unique guide to the suite of contracts published by FIDIC (The International Federation of Consulting Engineers) - the contract forms most widely used for international construction undertakings - twenty-two outstanding authorities in construction law from a wide variety of countries, describe relevant likely pitfalls (and special opportunities) for foreign lawyers in each of their jurisdictions. This very useful book will be extremely welcome to in-house counsel who must evaluate the legal disposition of a proposed or pending construction contract subject to the laws of a foreign jurisdiction. It will continue to be of service as long as the project proceeds and beyond, particularly for the optimal resolution of disputes.
En tu medio is a new program for intermediate Spanish that includes interactive and multimedia content, online tools and resources, and authentic short films to provide a contemporary and appealing learning experience. The course is designed to complement any course format, whether it be face-to-face, a hybrid/blended learning environment, or an online class. The course uses a task-based, student-friendly approach to build from the introductory level toward a higher-level proficiency. Each of 10 sequential course sections offers meaningful activities designed to motivate students and positively reinforce successful communication through pair and group interaction, negotiation of meaning, and the completion of real-world tasks within an engaging thematic and cultural context.
The constitutions of many countries guarantee the right to vote for all citizens. However, in reality, voters who are outside their home country when elections take place are often disenfranchised because of a lack of procedures enabling them to exercise that right. Voting from Abroad: The International IDEA Handbook examines the theoretical and practical issues surrounding external voting. It provides an overview of external voting provisions in 115 countries and territories around the world, including a map illustrating the regional spread.
Today, the Multinational Enterprise (MNE) is seen as a leading agent in the process of globalization. As they adopt global strategies, MNE's are seen to be creating stronger, deeper and more lasting links amongst countries, thus shifting the balance of power inexorably in their favour, to the detriment of the state. This book interrogates this idea by undertaking a historical analysis of the global strategies of Ford.
Learn about the inspiring life of Simone Biles, the mental-health advocate and record-breaking athlete. Growing up in foster care, Simone's gymnastics training was an anchor in her life. She first tried out the sport after visiting her local gym on a field trip. Coaches spotted her natural talent and, after years of hard work, she began winning world championships and Olympic gold medals. Widely cited as the greatest gymnast of all time, Simone is also an advocate for mental health awareness, having famously put her health before her sport by withdrawing from the 2020 Olympic finals. This picture book tells her heroic story in a way that inspires young children to follow their dreams while taking care of themselves. This powerful book features stylish and quirky illustrations and extra facts at the back, including a biographical timeline with historical photos and a detailed profile of the gymnast's life. Little People, BIG DREAMS is a bestselling biography series for kids that explores the lives of outstanding people, from designers and artists to scientists and activists. All of them achieved incredible things, yet each began life as a child with a dream. This empowering series of books offers inspiring messages to children of all ages, in a range of formats. The board books are told in simple sentences, perfect for reading aloud to babies and toddlers. The hardcover and paperback versions present expanded stories for beginning readers. With rewritten text for older children, the treasuries each bring together a multitude of dreamers in a single volume. You can also collect a selection of the books by theme in boxed gift sets. Activity books and a journal provide even more ways to make the lives of these role models accessible to children. Inspire the next generation of outstanding people who will change the world with Little People, BIG DREAMS!
This book begins by introducing the topic of knowledge in literature, including its scientific foundations. Due to the ever-increasing number of scientific publications, literature reviews are becoming more and more essential to stay updated. Literature Reviews describes an innovative system for creating systematic literature reviews, through reviewing, analyzing, and synthesizing scientific and technological literature. It then discusses systematic literature reviews, content analysis, and literature synthesis separately, before presenting the methodology to combine them in one process. It showcases computational tools to aid in this technique and offers examples of the method in action. Finally, the book takes a new of future developments in the subject. This book is of interest to graduate students, as well as researchers and academics, helping them to deepen insights and improve skills needed to conduct thorough literature reviews.
This book offers the state of the art on the progress and accomplishments of 25 years of research at the Associate Laboratory LSRE-LCM - Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials on lignin conversion to value-added products and their downstream separation. The first valorisation pathway presented for lignin is its partial depolymerisation by oxidation for the production of low molecular weight phenolic compounds, such as vanillin and syringaldehyde, and the second one is the lignin application as macromonomer for polyurethane synthesis. In this book, the authors present the integration of these two valorisation pathways as an exclusive vision of LSRE-LCM resulting from hands-on experience on reaction and separation processes: the integrated process for lignin valorisation. In this perspective, the lignin is oxidized to simultaneously produce syringaldehyde and vanillin, and the obtained by-products to produce a polyol for lignin-based polyurethanes, completing the lignin value chain. On the perspective of pulp mill-related biorefineries, a valorisation route for eucalyptus bark is also presented, focusing on LSRE-LCM experience on extraction and separation of bioactive polyphenols, giving some insights about further integration of extracted bark on biorefining operations.
A unique resource that synthesizes existing primary and secondary sources to provide a fascinating introduction to the development and dissemination of science within history's great empires, as well as the complex interaction between imperialism and scientific progress over two centuries. Imperialism and Science is a scholarly yet accessible chronicle of the impact of imperialism on science over the past 200 years, from the effect of Catholicism on scientific progress in Latin America to the importance of U.S. government funding of scientific research to America's preeminent place in the world. Spanning two centuries of scientific advance throughout the age of empire, Imperialism and Science sheds new light on the spread of scientific thought throughout the former colonial world. Science made enormous advances during this period, often being associated with anti-Imperialist struggle or, as in the case of the science brought to 19th-century China and India by the British, with Western cultural hegemony.
Science Solitaire is a mind dance with nature¿s cards, in a style and lens that could help us see that science is alive¿as it inhabits not just classrooms and textbooks but also our everyday lives. It consists of pieces of discovery that try to reveal the possible connections between the snippets of understanding we gain from science and our journey toward becoming human. What happens to our brains when we are happy, when we delight in music or food or other pleasurable pursuits? What lurks behind the awesome powers of some creatures with whom we inhabit this planet? What is e=mc2 and why is it the most popular icon for scientific ideas?
This book is about a fundamental aspect of the feminist project in the Philippines: rethinking the Filipino woman. It focuses on how contemporary women's organizations have represented and refashioned the Filipina in their campaigns to improve women's status by locating her in history, society and politics; imagining her past, present and future; representing her in advocacy; and identifying strategies to transform her. The drive to alter the situation of women included a political aspect (lobbying and changing legislation) and a cultural one (modifying social attitudes and women’s own assessments of themselves). In this work Mina Roces examines the cultural side of the feminist agenda: how activists have critiqued Filipino womanhood and engaged in fashioning an alternative woman. How did activists theorize the Filipina and how did they use this analysis to lobby for pro-women’s legislation or alter social attitudes? What sort of Filipina role models did women’s organizations propose, and how were these new ideas disseminated to the general public? What cultural strategies did activists deploy in order to gain a mass following? Analyzing data from over seventy five interviews with feminist activists, radio and television shows, romance novels, periodicals and books published by women’s organizations and feminist nuns, comics, newsletters, and personal papers, Roces shows how representations of the Filipino woman have been central to debates about women’s empowerment. She explores the transnational character of women’s activism and offers a seminal study on the important contributions of feminist Catholic nuns. Women’s Movements and the Filipina provides an original and passionate account of the contemporary feminist movement in the Philippines, bringing to light how women’s organizations have initiated change in cultural attitudes and had a significant impact on contemporary Philippine society.
This volume investigates the mechanisms (artworks, treatises, and other forms of cultural patronage) that the Marquises of Villena and their opponents used to operate in the cultural battlefield of the time with the aim of understanding how their conflicting historical memories were constructed and manipulated. Concentrating on the late fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries, the book examines these two aristocrats and demonstrates that political tensions led not only to military conflicts during this period but also to conflicts fought on cultural grounds, through the promotion of artistic, religious, and literary programmes. Maria Teresa Chicote Pompanin investigates why the Marquises of Villena lost in both the military and cultural battlefields and explains how the negative historical memories forged by their opponents in the late fifteenth century managed to become the official historical truth that has remained unchallenged to this day. The book will be of interest to scholars working in art history, cultural history, medieval studies, Renaissance studies, Iberian studies, literary studies, and patronage studies.
English Irena Backus' scholarship has been characterised by profound historical learning and philological acumen, extraordinary mastery of a wide range of languages, and broad-ranging interests. From the history of historiography to the story of Biblical exegesis and the reception of the Church Fathers, her research on the long sixteenth century stands as a point of reference for both historians of ideas and church historians alike. She also explored late medieval theology before turning her attention to the interplay of religion and philosophy in the seventeenth century, the focus of her late research. This volume assembles contributions from 35 international specialists that reflect the breadth of her interests and both illustrate and extend her path-breaking legacy as a scholar, teacher and colleague. Français La recherche d’Irena Backus témoigne d’une culture historique et philologique étendue, de son impeccable maîtrise des instruments linguistiques et de la multiplicité de ses centres d’intérêt. Ses études sont aujourd’hui une référence essentielle pour les spécialistes de l’histoire intellectuelle, de l’histoire de l’exégèse biblique et de la réception des Pères de l’Eglise pendant le long XVIe siècle. Seiziémiste de formation, elle s’est également aventurée dans d’autres chronologies, en s’intéressant à l’Église de la fin du moyen âge et à la philosophie de ce XVIIe siècle qui l’a de plus en plus passionnée et qui constitue aujourd’hui son centre d’intérêt majeur. Ce recueil célèbre son long et original enseignement et ses grandes qualités de chercheuses et de collègue.
In recent years historical studies on adoption and fosterage have greatly advanced, very likely due to the importance that such practices have acquired in our own societies. Also in the past – not only during Roman or Late Antique periods, but throughout the Middle Ages and the Modern Era as well – a rather significant number of family units went through adoption and fosterage, experiencing these kinds of ties and relationships on the daily basis. Articles collected in this volume are aimed at analysing the various forms and methods by means of which the concept of “adoption” was interpreted and practiced during the Medieval and Early Modern periods, identifying especially relevant chronological points, examples from different regional and local contexts, reciprocal influences, and family relationships shaped by adoption.
The most comprehensive guide to Norse literature, historical folk lore and more. Kvilhaug peels back the layers of the Eddas, Poems and Sagas to reveal hidden truths within Maria's background in research and archaeology is visible throughout with full illustrations, timelines and beautiful translations of passages providing the key to unlocking and deciphering the hidden wisdom within. Her exploration of modern interpretations, past parables, and related cultural mythos provides a deeper layer into the mysteries of Old Norse practices.
Ordálias da Interpretação analisa ordálias medievais, a leitura de dados no polígrafo e alguns métodos de tortura, ao mesmo tempo que lê textos como Hamlet e Macbeth. Este livro descreve a ambição por uma pedra de toque que demonstre a veracidade, ou autenticidade, de certas entidades. De notar que pedra-de-toque – basanos (Βάσαυος) – era um termo usado para denominar a pedra com que se testava em contextos mercantis a qualidade do ouro, mas que designava igualmente a ideia de teste, tortura e torturador. Para os intérpretes mencionados neste livro, a pedra de toque, que pode ser um objecto, uma pessoa ou um teste, teria a capacidade de nos auxiliar a distinguir amigos de inimigos, de identificar a qualidade de alguns versos e de iluminar a verdade. Argumenta-se, todavia, que a capacidade de fazer juízos precisos deriva de um entendimento técnico de interpretação conduzida por indivíduos hábeis, observando-se que a capacidade de descobrir “a verdade” depende da perícia de cada examinador, da sua intuição, da capacidade para aprender um método ou uma técnica específica, de detectar erros e fazer perguntas (qualidades importantes na actividade de um crítico literário).
What enables women to hold firm in their beliefs in the face of long years of hostile persecution by the Communist party/state? How do women withstand daily discrimination and prolonged hardship under a Communist regime which held rejection of religious beliefs and practices as a patriotic duty? Through the use of archival and ethnographic sources and of rich life testimonies, this book provides a rare glimpse into how women came to find solace and happiness in the flourishing, female-dominated traditions of local Islamic women’s mosques, Daoist nunneries and Catholic convents in China. These women passionately – often against unimaginable odds – defended sites of prayer, education and congregation as their spiritual home and their promise of heaven, but also as their rightful claim to equal entitlements with men.
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