This introduction to the archaeology of the Islamic world traces the history of the discipline from its earliest manifestations through to the present, evaluating the contribution made by archaeology to the understanding of key aspects of Islamic culture.
A Pulitzer Prize-winning reporter examines the true history of the discord between Israel and Palestine with surprising results Though the origins of the Arab-Israeli conflict have traditionally been traced to the British Mandate (1920-1948) that ended with the creation of the Israeli state, a new generation of scholars has taken the investigation further back, to the Ottoman period. The first popular account of this key era, Jerusalem 1913 shows us a cosmopolitan city whose religious tolerance crumbled before the onset of Z ionism and its corresponding nationalism on both sides-a conflict that could have been resolved were it not for the onset of World War I. With extraordinary skill, Amy Dockser Marcus rewrites the story of one of the world's most indelible divides.
For indigenous peoples in Asia, as in many parts of the world, forests have traditionally represented their ancestral lands and their livelihoods. Yet in recent years, the region has lost more than half of its forests. Forests and Indigenous Peoples of Asia shows how forest-dwellers' survival is increasingly threatened due to economic and cultural impoverishment, human rights abuses, land loss and a rapid integration into the global marketplace. While the Report takes a broad · approach to these themes throughout Asia, it focuses on five states: Bangladesh, India, Malaysia, Nepal and Thailand. It describes how logging, mining and hydropower schemes are displacing more and more indigenous peoples, with settlers and commercial plantations occupying their lands. The authors demonstrate that in the face of such opposition, indigenous peoples have been far from passive. Forests and Indigenous Peoples of Asia discusses indigenous peoples' growing mobilization against this environmental destruction, the loss of their lands and their livelihoods. The Report also analyses recent changes in governmental policy towards indigenous peoples and forest-dwellers, along with an accessible overview of relevant international agreements on these issues. The Report concludes with a set of recommendations which are aimed at safeguarding and promoting indigenous peoples' rights in the region.
Equilibrium Constants of Liquid-liquid Distribution Reactions Introduction, and Part 1: Organophosphorus Extractants focuses on the numerical representations, formulas, reactions, and characteristics of equilibrium constants of organophosphorus extractants. The text underscores that only a number of papers focusing on equilibrium constants for distribution reactions involving metal complexes are published before 1947. The book also states that no equilibrium constants have been reported on several organophosphorus extractants although they are used in practical extraction work. The publication provides a list of extractants, ligands, and metal ions. These include distribution and dissociation of extractants; dimerization and aggregation of extractants; homogeneous equilibria of extractants with metal ions; extraction of metal ions with extractants as ligands; and reactions of extractants with diluents and other solvents. The manuscript also highlights reactions, temperature, and equilibrium constants. The book is a valuable source of data for readers interested in the equilibrium constants of organophosphorus extractants.
In c.1142 work started on the construction of a major castle in the southern Jordanian town of Karak. The largest of a network of fortifications, Karak castle became the administrative centre of an important Crusader lordship. After 1188 Karak and its territories were incorporated into the Ayyubid, Mamluk and Ottoman sultanates. This book traces the history of Karak and the surrounding lands during the Middle Islamic period (c.1100-1650 CE). The book offers an innovative methodology, combining primary textual sources (in Latin and Arabic) with archaeological data (principally the ceramic record) as a means to reconstruct the fluctuating economic relations between Karak and other regions of the Middle East and eastern Mediterranean.
The purpose of this textbook is to enable a Neuroscientist to discuss the structure and functions of the brain at a level appropriate for students at many levels of study including undergraduate, graduate, dental or medical school level. It is truer in neurology than in any other system of medicine that a firm knowledge of basic science material, that is, the anatomy, physiology and pathology of the nervous system, enables one to readily arrive at the diagnosis of where the disease process is located and to apply their knowledge at solving problems in clinical situations. The authors have a long experience in teaching neuroscience courses at the first or second year level to medical and dental students and to residents in which clinical information and clinical problem solving are integral to the course.
Personal motivation. The dream of creating artificial devices that reach or outperform human inteUigence is an old one. It is also one of the dreams of my youth, which have never left me. What makes this challenge so interesting? A solution would have enormous implications on our society, and there are reasons to believe that the AI problem can be solved in my expected lifetime. So, it's worth sticking to it for a lifetime, even if it takes 30 years or so to reap the benefits. The AI problem. The science of artificial intelligence (AI) may be defined as the construction of intelligent systems and their analysis. A natural definition of a system is anything that has an input and an output stream. Intelligence is more complicated. It can have many faces like creativity, solving prob lems, pattern recognition, classification, learning, induction, deduction, build ing analogies, optimization, surviving in an environment, language processing, and knowledge. A formal definition incorporating every aspect of intelligence, however, seems difficult. Most, if not all known facets of intelligence can be formulated as goal driven or, more precisely, as maximizing some utility func tion. It is, therefore, sufficient to study goal-driven AI; e. g. the (biological) goal of animals and humans is to survive and spread. The goal of AI systems should be to be useful to humans.
This text focuses not only on localized diseases caused by infectious diseases, trauma, tumours, and vascular lesions within the central nervous system, but also these diseases within the systems of the brain and spinal cord. Over 250 real cases with associated MRI or CTs and any pathological findings from these patients illustrate numerous disorders and fully explain the nature of the pathology.
The Journeys of Protestant Clergy and Laity Coming Home to the Catholic Church and the Coming Home Network International, a Lay Ministry Committed to Helping Them
The Journeys of Protestant Clergy and Laity Coming Home to the Catholic Church and the Coming Home Network International, a Lay Ministry Committed to Helping Them
This highly inspiring work contains the conversion stories of men and women who left their Protestant faith and embarked on a journey back home. These men and women discovered Jesus Christ in some branch of Protestantism, yet in each case, their desire to follow Christ, and to remain faithful to the truth He taught and the Church He established, led them to consider the claims of the Catholic Church. They listened to the voice of truth speaking through history, theology, tradition, Scripture, and personal testimony.
Most Christians are familiar with the story told in Mark's gospel, but no one knows who Mark really was or why this gospel was written. Individual readers and parish study groups can learn about this earliest gospel from the perspective of an important Anglican theologian.
This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
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