This book provides a comprehensive, practical and timely review of all aspects of video-assisted, minimally invasive thoracic surgery, used to treat conditions of the lung, pleura, mediastinum, chest wall and diaphragm. Advances in technologies and instrumentation mean almost all thoracic surgeries may be performed by minimally invasive techniques rather than the traditional open surgeries. This book describes the thoracoscopic procedures in current specialist practice with discussion on indications, patient selection, surgical approaches, complications and clinical outcomes. The book opens with a summary of the rationale for minimally invasive surgery and when to convert to open surgery, as well as anaesthetic and peri-operative considerations, before covering the range of procedures organised by anatomical site. Numerous figures and diagrams describe every technique in detail and an authoritative, international team of contributors provides clinical experience and expert guidance.
This book provides a comprehensive, practical and timely review of all aspects of video-assisted, minimally invasive thoracic surgery, used to treat conditions of the lung, pleura, mediastinum, chest wall and diaphragm. Advances in technologies and instrumentation mean almost all thoracic surgeries may be performed by minimally invasive techniques rather than the traditional open surgeries. This book describes the thoracoscopic procedures in current specialist practice with discussion on indications, patient selection, surgical approaches, complications and clinical outcomes. The book opens with a summary of the rationale for minimally invasive surgery and when to convert to open surgery, as well as anaesthetic and peri-operative considerations, before covering the range of procedures organised by anatomical site. Numerous figures and diagrams describe every technique in detail and an authoritative, international team of contributors provides clinical experience and expert guidance.
Marco Just Quiles offers new perspectives on how domestic and external factors interact to shape variations in local state capacity. Using Bolivia as a case, he applies quantitative and qualitative methods to decode the nexus between global interdependencies, subnational bargaining processes, and diverging configurations of public service provision at the local level. Relying in part on newly compiled indicators, the author presents the ways in which shifting distributional coalitions between regional elites, central governments and their connections with international markets in different periods of the last century have produced the contemporary fragmentation of stateness in Bolivia.
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