This book presents a study on the foundations of a large class of paraconsistent logics from the point of view of the logics of formal inconsistency. It also presents several systems of non-standard logics with paraconsistent features.
Bridging the gap between theory and practice, this text provides the reader with a comprehensive overview of industrial crystallization. Newcomers will learn all of the most important topics in industrial crystallization, from key concepts and basic theory to industrial practices. Topics covered include the characterization of a crystalline product and the basic process design for crystallization, as well as batch crystallization, measurement techniques, and details on precipitation, melt crystallization and polymorphism. Each chapter begins with an introduction explaining the importance of the topic, and is supported by homework problems and worked examples. Real world case studies are also provided, as well as new industry-relevant information, making this is an ideal resource for industry practitioners, students, and researchers in the fields of industrial crystallization, separation processes, particle synthesis, and particle technology.
Offering detailed, well-illustrated coverage of the vascular anatomy seen on all imaging modalities, Atlas of Vascular Anatomy: An Angiographic Approach, 3rd Edition, presents the complete anatomy of the arteries, veins, and lymphatic system by body region. Experts in the field, each trained by Dr. Andre Uflacker, provide thorough updates throughout the text, including new slides and anatomical variations. This edition reflects recent advances in technology as well as new understandings of anatomy, making it an invaluable resource for vascular interventional radiologists and fellows, as well as surgeons, cardiologists, residents, and medical students.
The first modern scholarly synthesis of animal domestication Across the globe and at different times in the past millennia, the evolutionary history of domesticated animals has been greatly affected by the myriad, complex, and diverse interactions humans have had with the animals closest to them. The Process of Animal Domestication presents a broad synthesis of this subject, from the rich biology behind the initial stages of domestication to how the creation of breeds reflects cultural and societal transformations that have impacted the biosphere. Marcelo Sánchez-Villagra draws from a wide range of fields, including evolutionary biology, zooarchaeology, ethnology, genetics, developmental biology, and evolutionary morphology to provide a fresh perspective to this classic topic. Relying on various conceptual and technical tools, he examines the natural history of phenotypes and their developmental origins. He presents case studies involving mammals, birds, fish, and insect species, and he highlights the importance of domestication for the comprehension of evolution, anatomy, ontogeny, and dozens of fundamental biological processes. Bringing together the most current developments, The Process of Animal Domestication will interest a wide range of readers, from evolutionary biologists, developmental biologists, and geneticists to anthropologists and archaeologists.
Transconstitutionalism is a concept used to describe what happens to constitutional law when it is emancipated from the state, in which can be found the origins of constitutional law. Transconstitutionalism does not exist because a multitude of new constitutions have appeared, but because other legal orders are now implicated in resolving basic constitutional problems. A transconstitutional problem entails a constitutional issue whose solution may involve national, international, supranational and transnational courts or arbitral tribunals, as well as native local legal institutions. Transconstitutionalism does not take any single legal order or type of order as a starting-point or ultima ratio. It rejects both nation-statism and internationalism, supranationalism, transnationalism and localism as privileged spaces for solving constitutional problems. The transconstitutional model avoids the dilemma of 'monism versus pluralism'. From the standpoint of transconstitutionalism, a plurality of legal orders entails a complementary and conflicting relationship between identity and alterity: constitutional identity is rearticulated on the basis of alterity. Rather than seeking a 'Herculean Constitution', transconstitutionalism tackles the many-headed Hydra of constitutionalism, always looking for the blind spot in one legal system and reflecting it back against the many others found in the world's legal orders.
This title tackles the dominant constitutional theories provided by Ronald Dworkin and Robert Alexy and presents a critical counterpoint. It considers the paradoxical relationship between principles and rules within constitutional theory. This is essential reading for those involved in constitutional adjudication involving rules and principles.
On 22 November 2000 Carlos Cardoso, arguably the finest of post-independence Mozambican journalists, was assassinated in Maputo while investigating the theft of $14 million from the country's largest bank.
This book offers a new conceptual framework for reflecting on the role of information and communication technology in mathematics education. Discussion focuses on how computers, writing and oral discourse transform education at an epistemological as well as a political level. Building on examples, research and theory, the authors propose that knowledge is not constructed solely by humans, but by collectives of humans and technologies of intelligence.
Mute Icons challenges fixed aesthetic notions of beauty in architecture as both, disciplinary discourse and a spatial practice within the public realm, by intersecting historic antecedents and present instances within contemporary projects wherein indeterminacy, monolithicity and defamiliarization play a speculative role in constructing withdrawn, irritant and yet engaging architectural images. No longer concerned with narrative excesses or with the "shock and awe" of sensation making; the mute icon becomes intriguing in its deceptive indifference towards context, perplexing in its unmitigated apathy towards the body. Object and building, absolute and unstable, anticipated and strange, manifest and withdrawn, such is the dichotomy of mute icons. Dwelling in the paradox between silence and sign and aiming to debunk a false dichotomy between critical discourse, a pursue of formal novelty and the attainment of social ethics, “Mute Icons” reaffirms the cultural need and socio-political relevance of the architectural image, suggesting a much-needed resolution to the present but incorrect antagonism between formal innovation, social responsibility and economic austerity. Intersecting relevant historical antecedents and polemic theoretical speculations with original design concepts and provocative representations of P-A-T-T-E-R-N-S recent work, the book aspires to stimulate authentic speculations on the real.
Why did migrants from southern Portugal choose Argentina instead of following the traditional path to Brazil? Starting with this question, this book explores how, at the turn of the twentieth century, rural Europeans developed distinctive circuits of transatlantic labor migration linked to diverse immigrant communities in the Americas. It looks at transoceanic moves in the larger context of migration systems, examining their connections and the crucial role of social networks in migrants geographic mobility and adaptation. Combining regional and local perspectives on both sides of the Atlantic, Chains of Gold provides a vivid account of the trajectories of migrant men and women as they moved from rural Portugal to contrasting places of settlement in the Argentine pampas and Patagonia.
Carcara Photo Art's Brazilian Photography collection presents Marcelo Pallotta. Between Minimalism, Conceptualism and Expressionism, Pallotta's photos provide endless travel. There is no hard edge in his works. They have the luxury of extending through space and our gaze can follow them freely.
Brokers, Voters, and Clientelism studies distributive politics: how parties and governments use material resources to win elections. The authors develop a theory that explains why loyal supporters, rather than swing voters, tend to benefit from pork-barrel politics; why poverty encourages clientelism and vote buying; and why redistribution and voter participation do not justify non-programmatic distribution.
The esthetic harmony and effectiveness of occlusal function are integrated and are in constant movement in the search for balance. This book, written by a top expert in the field, is about the preservation and enhancement of smile esthetics. The richly illustrated content aims to enhance the clinician's understanding of the static and dynamic principles that act on a patient's stomatognathic system. The main themes of the book – treatment planning and occlusion – are inseparable factors for the success of every restorative treatment. It is only from a complete understanding of the varied and complex relationships between these aspects that the clinician can diagnose and treat a patient with a pragmatic and effective long-term approach. In a clear and uncomplicated manner, the book presents protocols containing all the relevant aspects related to the topic so that excellent results can be obtained with consistency and predictability. The content is based on an extensive literature review and contains the best-quality scientific evidence available at the time of publication, accompanied by the author's valuable commentary and notes.
Where presidents or members of affluent families were previously seen, it is increasingly the case that car manufacturers are owned by banks and investment funds which have taken control of the entire economic life of these firms. This has significant impact on the terms of employment and layoffs, wages and precarious work, growing inequalities in income strata, compensation levels for executives, and the implementation of short-termist strategies across business operations. This book explores this increasing financialisation – the predominance of the financial sector over the productive sector – in the automotive industry. In particular it is shown that the financial operations of these companies through leasing, insurance, loans and other financial instruments is now much more profitable than the manufacturing aspects of the business, which was originally the raison d’être for these fi rms. The chapters demonstrate how there are great demands to increase the return to shareholders as a main concern, despite other metrics and/ or other stakeholders. The work studies the impact of financialisation at the world’s five largest automakers which together represent almost 50% of car production, providing an exploratory analysis of profitability, shareholder composition, compensation to executives, workers’ salaries, dividend payments to shareholders and employment. Encouraging debate on contemporary economy, this book marks a significant addition to the literature on financialisation, contemporary forms of capitalism, labour and economic sociology more broadly.
Transcortical aphasias is the term used for syndromes in which the ability to repeat language is relatively preserved despite marked disturbances in other linguistic domains. Although there are a number of well-known reference texts on language disturbances after acquired brain damage that uncover the classical syndromes of aphasia (e.g. conduction aphasia) in a comprehensive fashion, this monograph is unique in its coverage of the different clinical, linguistic, and neuroanatomical aspects of transcortical aphasias. This book offers a comprehensive, contemporary and scholarly account of transcortical aphasias by combining valuable information upon cognitive neuropsychology, neuroimaging and functional localization of residual repetition and other language functions among patients with transcortical aphasias. The book covers: historical aspects; assessment of language deficits from a clinical and psycholinguistic perspective; clinical phenomenology, aetiology, neural substrates, and linguistic mechanisms underlying each of the three clinically established variants of transcortical aphasias (motor, sensory, and mixed); associated phenomena such as echolalia, completion phenomenon, automatic speech, and prosody; and neuroanatomical correlates including structural and functional neuroimaging. Each chapter presents the description of original and published cases which illustrate the various clinical patterns of transcortical aphasias.
This book reviews Marx's contributions to the debate on the working class. The first part of the work presents the synthesis of the main contributions of Marx and Engels (and 20th century Marxist writers) to the understanding of social classes, the class struggle, and the working class. The remaining parts present exercises of dialogue between Marx's and Marxists’ discussions on the working class, presented in the first part, and empirical elements of class reality today, as well as debates in the social sciences and historiography on the same issues. The thesis defended in the book is simple: the "working class,” also called the "proletariat,” as it appears in the work of Karl Marx, had and has validity as an analytical category for the understanding of social life under capitalism. Nevertheless, Marx’s discussion on the issue is complex and the category “working class” in his approach is wider than many Marxists have presented it.
What will children educated through life be capable of in the future? Only an educational approach based on real experiences, when the students decide and learn through the achievement of their own enterprises, prepares them for the challenges brought by the future. It must be taught not only basic school content, but also how to deal with the life challenges and opportunities, preparing real independent, creative, self-confident and happy people.
This book reviews and summarizes the results and hypotheses raised by studies directly or indirectly dealing with the ecology of fronts and aims to identify the themes that connect them to produce a synthesis of this knowledge. Though not immediately perceived the ocean is highly structured and fronts are one of the most important components of its structural complexity. Marine fronts have been known since the early 20th Century, however, the more recent availability of high resolution satellite imagery, field measurements and numerical simulations have greatly advanced our understanding of their ecological impact. This work touches on topics such as front types, its biology and its comparisons with other bounderies at sea, as well as comparisons of fronts with terrestrial boundaries and the ‘ecotone’ concept. Furthermore, it also looks at the management and conservation of marine life.
The “duty to mitigate loss” doctrine has been the object of study in many jurisdictions, which have interpreted and applied it in a wide range of situations and in different ways. In Brazil, however, only recent discussions have brought light to this subject. Worldwide, researchers have debated its nature – whether a duty or a principle – and the most proper way to address it (e.g.: if duty to mitigate loss or damages; duty to rescue; avoidable consequences doctrine). Studies have also detailed its application in different situations, such as in contracts and torts, among suppliers, consumers and national and international commerce, for instance. Ultimately, responding to the shift for globalized relations involving parties from different jurisdictions, the development of the doctrine and its standardization by Common Law courts, Civil Law codifications and international rules have allowed emerging countries to take advantage of the lessons learnt in more experienced systems and helped them regulate their own in the most suitable form. The purpose of this book is to provide an in-depth study of the “duty to mitigate loss” – from its origin to its current application in selected jurisdictions – so as to comprehensively come up with a proposition that is sufficiently adequate to fill the Brazilian legal framework gap diagnosed with respect to its effective regulation.
The book provides an overview of how international law is today constructed through diverse macro and microprocesses that expand its traditional subjects and sources, with the attribution of sovereign capacity and power to the international plane (moving the international toward the national). Simultaneously, national laws approximate laws of other nations (moving among nations or moving the national toward the international) and new sources of legal norms emerge, independent of states and international organisations. This expansion occurs in many subject areas, with specific structures: commercial, environmental, human rights, humanitarian, financial, criminal and labor law contribute to the formation of post national law with different modes of functioning, different actors and different sources of law that should be understood as a new complexity of law.
This groundbreaking work examines Latin America's prison crisis and the failure of mass incarceration policies. As crime rates rose over the past few decades, policy makers adopted incarceration as the primary response to public outcry. Yet, as the number of inmates increased, crime rates only continued to grow. Presenting new cross-national data based on extensive surveys of inmates throughout the region, this book explains the transformation of prisons from instruments of incapacitation, deterrence, and rehabilitation to drivers of violence and criminality. Bergman and Fondevila highlight the impacts of internal drug markets and the dramatic increase in the number of imprisoned women. Furthermore, they show how prisons are not isolated from society - they are sites of active criminal networks, with many inmates maintaining fluid criminal connections with the outside world. Rather than reducing crime, prisons have become an integral part of the crime problem in Latin America.
From a painful childhood to the irresistible ascension to halls of great kings; from a hopeless beginning to the awakening of unparalleled power, envied and feared, Merlin is destined to become the most influent man of the Dark Ages. King Arthur's supreme confident and greatest advisor of Camelot's court. Mysterious and enigmatic. Beloved and hated. Druid, monk, and wizard, changing forever not only the fate of Britain, but of all humanity. The saga of a man determined to build a civilization of peace and justice in a land devastated by war in an epic and brutal adventure that balances harsh realism with bitter doses of magic.
It is known that the applications of a material are totally dependent on their characteristics. In the particular case of the manufacture of bone tissues from polymer sources, high molecular weights are necessary to ensure optimum mechanical and optical properties. However, exothermic reactions and strong nonlinearities, which are peculiarities of such reaction systems, require rigorous control in order to achieve to the desired objectives. In this paper, an optimal control policy applied to a batch methyl methacrylate polymerization reactor is presented. The proposed methodology determines the optimal time profile of reactor temperature; if the temperature is maintained along the calculated profiles, a polymer product with desired molecular weight distribution could be obtained at the pre-specified final monomer conversion rate. The good agreement with experimental results reveals that the described control procedure is suitable to ensure that the polymer product satisfies the specifications.
This book will address the discussion on online distance education, teacher education, and how the mathematics is transformed with the Internet, based on examples that illustrate the possibilities of different course models and on the theoretical construct humans-with-media.
Ra, the Sun God, had the Universe at his command. He inherited the extreme power of his father, Atum, the deity that created itself. From Ra's incandescent rays are born his brother-children, from whom he takes the most graceful of beauties to wife - Nut, Goddess of the Sky. Nut, however, would be the harbinger of doom. Dominated by an irrepressible passion, she surrenders to Geb, the God of the Earth, also the brother-son of Ra. Taken by fury, Ra condemns Geb to eternal darkness. With the seclusion of Geb, the great protector of the land, the world becomes dark, a place of barbarism and chaos. Osiris is one of the children of Geb and Nut, cast into the desolate land, cursed to suffer in frail human form and taste the evils and pains of the flesh. But the misfortune of the lovers Nut and Geb would propitiate the coming of the Messiah, the noble Osiris, king of Egypt. In this adventure about the history of the first kingdom on Earth, Marcelo Hipólito rescues the legends and traditions of Ancient Egypt.
HUGH JOHNSON said *Marcelo is right: wine is not really about bottles and barrels and grape varieties. They are just the technical background. Wine is about life: a glorious adjunct to life well-lived, with all its interests, all its passions. In this highly original book, Marcelo explores a host of wine-connected topics, from music to sex to post- -modernism. His musings are stream-of-consciousness considered, researched and documented; a rare recipe, seasoned with wit and even a little wisdom. 'Music doesn't say everything' he quotes from José Miguel Wisnik, "but it somehow implies the whole'. Wine, too, in a way*. Hugh Johnson Some of the subjects related to Wine: Music, Women, Celebrations, Poetry, Color, Aroma Sweetness, Choreography, Collections, Humbleness, Art , Carnival, Dogs, Diets, Word, Marriage, Cheese, Chocolate, Passion, Religion, Aphrodisiacs, Nature, Cockroaches, Eroticism
This book is an introductory text in General Relativity, while also focusing some solutions to the cosmological constant problem, which consists in an amazing 100 orders of magnitude discrepancy between the value of this constant in the present Universe, and its estimated value in the very early epoch. The author suggests that the constant is in fact, a time-varying function of the age of the Universe. The book offers a wealth of cosmological models, treats up to date findings, like the verification of the Lense-Thirring effect in the year 2004, and the recently published research by Cooperstock and Tieu (2005) suggesting that "dark" matter is not a necessary concept in order to explain the rotational velocities of stars around galaxies' nuclei. This is a mathematical cosmology textbook that may lead undergraduates, and graduate students to one of the frontiers of research, while keeping the prerequisites to a minimum, because most of the theory in the book requires only prior knowledge of Calculus and a University Physics course.
This new textbook on remote sensing and digital image processing of natural resources includes numerous, practical problem-solving exercises and applications of sensors and satellite systems using remote sensing data collection resources, and emphasizes the free and open-source platform R. It explains basic concepts of remote sensing and multidisciplinary applications using R language and R packages, by engaging students in learning theory through hands-on, real-life projects. All chapters are structured with learning objectives, computation, questions, solved exercises, resources, and research suggestions. Features Explains the theory of passive and active remote sensing and its applications in water, soil, vegetation, and atmosphere. Covers data analysis in the free and open-source R platform, which makes remote sensing accessible to anyone with a computer. Includes case studies from different environments with free software algorithms and an R toolset for active learning and a learn-by-doing approach. Provides hands-on exercises at the end of each chapter and encourages readers to understand the potential and the limitations of the environments, remote sensing targets, and process. Explores current trends and developments in remote sensing in homework assignments with data to further explore the use of free multispectral remote sensing data, including very high spatial resolution data sources for target recognition with image processing techniques. While the focus of the book is on environmental and agriculture engineering, it can be applied widely to a variety of subjects such as physical, natural, and social sciences. Students in upper-level undergraduate or graduate programs, taking courses in remote sensing, geoprocessing, civil and environmental engineering, geosciences, environmental sciences, electrical engineering, biology, and hydrology will also benefit from the learning objectives in the book. Professionals who use remote sensing and digital processing will also find this text enlightening.
In mid-twentieth-century Latin America there was a strong consensus between Left and Right—Communists working under the directives of the Third International, nationalists within the military interested in fostering industrialization, and populists—about the need to break away from the colonial legacies of the past and to escape from the constraints of the international capitalist system. Even though they disagreed about the desired end state, Argentines of all political stripes could agree on the need for economic independence and national sovereignty, which would be brought about through the efforts of a national bourgeoisie. James Brennan and Marcelo Rougier aim to provide a political history of this national bourgeoisie in this book. Deploying an eclectic methodology combining aspects of the “new institutionalism,” the “new economic history,” Marxist political economy, and deep research in numerous, rarely consulted archives into what they dub the “new business history,” the authors offer the first thorough, empirically based history of the national bourgeoisie’s peak association, the Confederación General Económica (CGE), and of the Argentine bourgeoisie’s relationship with the state. They also investigate the relationship of the bourgeoisie to Perón and the Peronist movement by studying the history of one industrial sector, the metalworking industry, and two regional economies—one primarily industrial, Córdoba, and another mostly agrarian, Chaco—with some attention to a third, Tucumán, a cane-cultivating and sugar-refining region sharing some features of both. While spanning three decades, the book concentrates most on the years of Peronist government, 1946–55 and 1973–76.
(...) People have a very distorted view of science, religion, and the relationship between them. They immediately put science and faith as antipodes in constant confrontation. My vision is a little more historical and cultural. I see science as a manifestation of human effort to engage in the mystery of existence. And religion is also a manifestation of human effort to engage in the mystery of existence. In a certain way, both come from the same source. Refusing to talk is refusing to look at one side of our life, human existence, which is part of who we are. It's a perfectly natural conversation. Marcelo Gleiser Dossier Courtyard of the Gentiles
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