Lucid and logical in structure, this new edition, previously entitled Sourcebook on Medical Law draws together a wide range of essential material, including extracts from statutes, cases and academic commentary from medical law; an area which is fast becoming an important part of undergraduate syllabuses.Fully updated to take account of recent developments in this dynamic area of law, it examines two major pieces of legislation: the Mental Capacity Act 2005 and the Human Tissue Act 2004 as well as a significant amount of new case law, including the House of Lords decisions in Chester v Afshar and Gregg v Scott and the Court of Appeal decision in R (on the application of Burke) v GMC and others.Divided into two parts, it covers:the general principles that permeate medical law, exploring illness and the ethics of care and healthcare in England and Wales and consent to treatment, confidentiality and medical malpracticeissues which arise in relation to specific areas of medical treatment, including infertility treatment and surrogacy, pregnancy and abortion, treating the incompetent, the mentally ill, medical research, organ transplants and euthanasia. This textbook is an invaluable reference tool for all those studying medical law as well as those studying medicine.
Text, Cases and Materials on Medical Law and Ethics presents a valuable collection of materials relating to often controversial areas of the law. Comprising extracts from statutes, cases and scholarly articles alongside expert author commentary and guidance which signposts the key issues and principles, this book is an ideal companion to this increasingly popular subject. Fully revised, this new edition incorporates expanded content, including: updated coverage of consent and decision making, including the the Montgomery v Lanarkshire Health Board (2015) judgment; the impacts of the EC directive for clinical trials and GDPR on the research use of patient data; and discussion of other recent developments in the case law, including the 2017 Charlie Gard litigation, the 2016 Privy Council decision in Williams v Bermuda on negligence causation, and the UK Supreme Court judgment in A & B v SS for Health (2017) on funding for patients from Northern Ireland seeking terminations elsewhere. Providing a comprehensive and up-to-date resource on this topical area of the law, this textbook is an invaluable reference tool for students of medical law as well as those studying medicine.
This book is a monography about perfusion cell cultures for the production of biopharmaceuticals, such as therapeutic proteins (i.e. biomolecules like monoclonal antibodies), and describes the fundamentals, design and operation of these processes. Context is given in the first chapters to understand the state-of-the-art of the technology. We then give an overview of the challenges and objectives in operating mammalian cell perfusion cultures and provide guidelines for the design and setup of lab-scale bioreactor systems, and the required control structure to achieve stable operation. Scale-down devices and PAT tools are described in the context of continuous manufacturing and guidelines for process optimization are given using a variety of case studies to illustrate different approaches. Scale-up is also adressed with a strong focus on bioreactor aeration and mixing, shear stress and cell retention device. Finally, a general introduction for the application of mechanistic and statistic models in bioreactor process development and optimization is given in the last chapter.
A popular claim in recent years is that a person only uses 10% of their brain, and while this is not remotely true, it is accurate that the human brain contains massive untapped capabilities. Brains remain the most magnificent biological machines, and the latest neurobiological research on nutrition, sleep, music and exercise aims to help people keep theirs in top shape. The human mind is more than just electrochemical signals--it's a fountain of consciousness, transcending physicality. This work, backed by decades of experience, includes the latest neuroscience research and vignettes based on the author's actual patients. Containing "mental hacks" to explain how to overcome mental limitations, it explores how simple changes like breaking bad habits, having a better work-life balance, and more could help the human mind go from being just "fine-tuned" to being enlightened and limitless. With these hacks, a designer brain is just around the corner.
This book provides informative, useful, and stimulating reading on the topic of organic sonochemistry – the core of ultrasound-based applications. Given the increasing interest in new and improved technologies, allied to their green and sustainable character (not always a valid premise), there is a great attraction for organic chemists to apply these protocols in synthesis and process chemistry. Unfortunately, as with other enabling technologies, many researchers new to the field have received a simple and dishonest message: just switch on! Therefore a significant portion of sonochemical syntheses lack reproducibility (surprisingly cavitation control and/or ultrasonic parameters are omitted) and the actual role of sonication remains uncertain. While this book does not provide a detailed description of fundamentals, the introductory remarks highlight the importance of cavitational effects and their experimental control. It presents a number of concepts of sonochemical reactivity and empirical rules with pertinent examples, often from classical and recent literature. It then focuses on scenarios of current interest where organic chemistry, and synthesis in particular, may benefit from sonication in terms of both chemical and mechanical activation. The “sustainable corner” of this field is largely exemplified through concepts like atom economy, renewable sources, wasteless syntheses, and benign solvents as reaction media. This book is useful for both researchers and graduate students, especially those familiar with the field of sonochemistry and applications of ultrasound in general. However, it is also of interest to a broader audience as it discusses the fundamentals, techniques, and experimental skills necessary for scientists wishing to initiate the use of ultrasound in their domain of expertise.
This unique text/reference presents an overview of the computational aspects of protein crystallization, describing how to build robotic high-throughput and crystallization analysis systems. The coverage encompasses the complete data analysis cycle, including the set-up of screens by analyzing prior crystallization trials, the classification of crystallization trial images by effective feature extraction, the analysis of crystal growth in time series images, the segmentation of crystal regions in images, the application of focal stacking methods for crystallization images, and the visualization of trials. Topics and features: describes the fundamentals of protein crystallization, and the scoring and categorization of crystallization image trials; introduces a selection of computational methods for protein crystallization screening, and the hardware and software architecture for a basic high-throughput system; presents an overview of the image features used in protein crystallization classification, and a spatio-temporal analysis of protein crystal growth; examines focal stacking techniques to avoid blurred crystallization images, and different thresholding methods for binarization or segmentation; discusses visualization methods and software for protein crystallization analysis, and reviews alternative methods to X-ray diffraction for obtaining structural information; provides an overview of the current challenges and potential future trends in protein crystallization. This interdisciplinary work serves as an essential reference on the computational and data analytics components of protein crystallization for the structural biology community, in addition to computer scientists wishing to enter the field of protein crystallization.
In this edited volume, the authors present rich case studies of place-based philanthropy in the United States and Canada that make a strong conceptual and empirical argument for the importance, and growing imperative, of place-based philanthropy in 2023 and beyond. Offering a multidisciplinary theoretical grounding in the connection between philanthropy and place, the case studies range from foundations engaged in disaster recovery, a First Nations UNESCO site, to a funder collaborative engaging seven philanthropies targeting 30 neighborhoods in Montreal, and a private foundation developing a model for holistic change that is being replicated in underserved communities throughout the U.S, among others. Collectively, the case studies bring into the conversation the meaning that individuals bring to their spaces as members of diverse communities, as public and private actors seeking to effect change in underserved communities, and the tension that may result as place is redefined through philanthropic work. The themes and lessons learned that emerge from the case studies offer insights for practitioners, scholars and students of philanthropy.
Divided into two parts, this text examines both the general principles that permeate medical law and issues which arise in relation to specific areas of medical treatment.
Text, Cases and Materials on Medical Law and Ethics presents a valuable collection of materials relating to often controversial areas of the law. Comprising extracts from statutes, cases and scholarly articles alongside expert author commentary and guidance which signposts the key issues and principles, this book is an ideal companion to this increasingly popular subject. Fully revised, this new edition incorporates expanded content, including: updated coverage of consent and decision making, including the the Montgomery v Lanarkshire Health Board (2015) judgment; the impacts of the EC directive for clinical trials and GDPR on the research use of patient data; and discussion of other recent developments in the case law, including the 2017 Charlie Gard litigation, the 2016 Privy Council decision in Williams v Bermuda on negligence causation, and the UK Supreme Court judgment in A & B v SS for Health (2017) on funding for patients from Northern Ireland seeking terminations elsewhere. Providing a comprehensive and up-to-date resource on this topical area of the law, this textbook is an invaluable reference tool for students of medical law as well as those studying medicine.
Lucid and logical in structure, this new edition, previously entitled Sourcebook on Medical Law draws together a wide range of essential material, including extracts from statutes, cases and academic commentary from medical law; an area which is fast becoming an important part of undergraduate syllabuses.Fully updated to take account of recent developments in this dynamic area of law, it examines two major pieces of legislation: the Mental Capacity Act 2005 and the Human Tissue Act 2004 as well as a significant amount of new case law, including the House of Lords decisions in Chester v Afshar and Gregg v Scott and the Court of Appeal decision in R (on the application of Burke) v GMC and others.Divided into two parts, it covers:the general principles that permeate medical law, exploring illness and the ethics of care and healthcare in England and Wales and consent to treatment, confidentiality and medical malpracticeissues which arise in relation to specific areas of medical treatment, including infertility treatment and surrogacy, pregnancy and abortion, treating the incompetent, the mentally ill, medical research, organ transplants and euthanasia. This textbook is an invaluable reference tool for all those studying medical law as well as those studying medicine.
This new work adds to the theoretical understanding and discussion of possible solutions to various conceptual and practical problems that arise within the field of medical negligence - an area whose legal treatment is perceived, both in England and Germany, as containing a number of special difficulties and shortcomings. In addition it seeks to make a contribution to the developing field of comparative law, by employing a detailed and closely focused analytical approach in a tightly defined subject area. These twin aims serve to reveal the similarities and differences between two legal cultures in a particularly clear and striking way. The book offers an analysis which is neutral as between the English and German approaches. The issues are dealt with thematically so far as possible, so that the respective treatments in each country of a given matter, eg the standard of care owed by medical practitioners, are discussed side-by-side. The book thus avoids the 'country-report' style, whereby the systems are presented largely separately from each other. What is of particular interest is how, notwithstanding their common starting point in terms of the application of the fault-principle under private law, the detailed rules in the two countries differ markedly. This is true both in the divergent way that claims are structured and argued, and also quite often as regards their substantive outcome. It will be of interest to comparative lawyers, tort and medical lawyers, and practising lawyers working in these areas.
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