Modeling Multiphase Materials Processes: Gas-Liquid Systems describes the methodology and application of physical and mathematical modeling to multi-phase flow phenomena in materials processing. The book focuses on systems involving gas-liquid interaction, the most prevalent in current metallurgical processes. The performance characteristics of these processes are largely dependent on transport phenomena. This volume covers the inherent characteristics that complicate the modeling of transport phenomena in such systems, including complex multiphase structure, intense turbulence, opacity of fluid, high temperature, coupled heat and mass transfer, chemical reactions in some cases, and poor wettability of the reactor walls. Also discussed are: solutions based on experimental and numerical modeling of bubbling jet systems, recent advances in the modeling of nanoscale multi-phase phenomena and multiphase flows in micro-scale and nano-scale channels and reactors. Modeling Multiphase Materials Processes: Gas-Liquid Systems will prove a valuable reference for researchers and engineers working in mathematical modeling and materials processing.
This book presents the basic theory and experimental techniques of transport phenomena in materials processing operations. Such fundamental knowledge is highly useful for researchers and engineers in the field to improve the efficiency of conventional processes or develop novel technology. Divided into four parts, the book comprises 11 chapters describing the principles of momentum transfer, heat transfer, and mass transfer in single phase and multiphase systems. Each chapter includes examples with solutions and exercises to facilitate students’ learning. Diagnostic problems are also provided at the end of each part to assess students’ comprehension of the material. The book is aimed primarily at students in materials science and engineering. However, it can also serve as a useful reference text in chemical engineering as well as an introductory transport phenomena text in mechanical engineering. In addition, researchers and engineers engaged in materials processing operations will find the material useful for the design of experiments and mathematical models in transport phenomena. This volume contains unique features not usually found in traditional transport phenomena texts. It integrates experimental techniques and theory, both of which are required to adequately solve the inherently complex problems in materials processing operations. It takes a holistic approach by considering both single and multiphase systems, augmented with specific practical examples. There is a discussion of flow and heat transfer in microscale systems, which is relevant to the design of modern processes such as fuel cells and compact heat exchangers. Also described are auxiliary relationships including turbulence modeling, interfacial phenomena, rheology, and particulate systems, which are critical to many materials processing operations.
The past few decades have brought significant advances in the computational methods and in the experimental techniques used to study transport phenomena in materials processing operations. However, the advances have been made independently and with competition between the two approaches. Mathematical models are easier and less costly to implement, but experiments are essential for verifying theoretical models. In Mathematical and Physical Modeling of Materials Processing Operations, the authors bridge the gap between mathematical modelers and experimentalists. They combine mathematical and physical modeling principles for materials processing operations simulation and use numerous examples to compare theoretical and experimental results. The modeling of transport processes is multi-disciplinary, involving concepts and principles not all of which can be associated with just one field of study. Therefore, the authors have taken care to ensure that the text is self-sustaining through the variety and breadth of topics covered. Beyond the usual topics associated with transport phenomena, the authors also include detailed discussion of numerical methods and implementation of process models, software and hardware selection and application, and representation of auxiliary relationships, including turbulence modeling, chemical kinetics, magnetohydrodynamics, and multi-phase flow. They also provide several correlations for representing the boundary conditions of fluid flow, heat transfer, and mass transfer phenomena. Mathematical and Physical Modeling of Materials Processing Operations is ideal for introducing these tools to materials engineers and researchers. Although the book emphasizes materials, some of the topics will prove interesting and useful to researchers in other fields of chemical and mechanical engineering.
This book presents a comprehensive review of particle image velocimetry (PIV) and particle tracking velocimetry (PTV) as tools for experimental fluid dynamics (EFD). It shares practical techniques for high-speed photography to accurately analyze multi-phase flows; in particular, it addresses the practical know-how involved in high-speed photography, including e.g. the proper setup for lights and illumination; optical systems to remove perspective distortion; and the density of tracer particles and their fluorescence in the context of PIV and PTV. In this regard, using the correct photographic technique plays a key role in the accurate analysis of the respective flow. Practical applications include bubble and liquid flow dynamics in materials processes agitated by gas injection at high temperatures, mixing phenomena due to jet-induced rotary sloshing, and wettability effects on the efficiency of the processes.
This book presents the basic theory and experimental techniques of transport phenomena in materials processing operations. Such fundamental knowledge is highly useful for researchers and engineers in the field to improve the efficiency of conventional processes or develop novel technology. Divided into four parts, the book comprises 11 chapters describing the principles of momentum transfer, heat transfer, and mass transfer in single phase and multiphase systems. Each chapter includes examples with solutions and exercises to facilitate students’ learning. Diagnostic problems are also provided at the end of each part to assess students’ comprehension of the material. The book is aimed primarily at students in materials science and engineering. However, it can also serve as a useful reference text in chemical engineering as well as an introductory transport phenomena text in mechanical engineering. In addition, researchers and engineers engaged in materials processing operations will find the material useful for the design of experiments and mathematical models in transport phenomena. This volume contains unique features not usually found in traditional transport phenomena texts. It integrates experimental techniques and theory, both of which are required to adequately solve the inherently complex problems in materials processing operations. It takes a holistic approach by considering both single and multiphase systems, augmented with specific practical examples. There is a discussion of flow and heat transfer in microscale systems, which is relevant to the design of modern processes such as fuel cells and compact heat exchangers. Also described are auxiliary relationships including turbulence modeling, interfacial phenomena, rheology, and particulate systems, which are critical to many materials processing operations.
Modeling Multiphase Materials Processes: Gas-Liquid Systems describes the methodology and application of physical and mathematical modeling to multi-phase flow phenomena in materials processing. The book focuses on systems involving gas-liquid interaction, the most prevalent in current metallurgical processes. The performance characteristics of these processes are largely dependent on transport phenomena. This volume covers the inherent characteristics that complicate the modeling of transport phenomena in such systems, including complex multiphase structure, intense turbulence, opacity of fluid, high temperature, coupled heat and mass transfer, chemical reactions in some cases, and poor wettability of the reactor walls. Also discussed are: solutions based on experimental and numerical modeling of bubbling jet systems, recent advances in the modeling of nanoscale multi-phase phenomena and multiphase flows in micro-scale and nano-scale channels and reactors. Modeling Multiphase Materials Processes: Gas-Liquid Systems will prove a valuable reference for researchers and engineers working in mathematical modeling and materials processing.
The past few decades have brought significant advances in the computational methods and in the experimental techniques used to study transport phenomena in materials processing operations. However, the advances have been made independently and with competition between the two approaches. Mathematical models are easier and less costly to implement, but experiments are essential for verifying theoretical models. In Mathematical and Physical Modeling of Materials Processing Operations, the authors bridge the gap between mathematical modelers and experimentalists. They combine mathematical and physical modeling principles for materials processing operations simulation and use numerous examples to compare theoretical and experimental results. The modeling of transport processes is multi-disciplinary, involving concepts and principles not all of which can be associated with just one field of study. Therefore, the authors have taken care to ensure that the text is self-sustaining through the variety and breadth of topics covered. Beyond the usual topics associated with transport phenomena, the authors also include detailed discussion of numerical methods and implementation of process models, software and hardware selection and application, and representation of auxiliary relationships, including turbulence modeling, chemical kinetics, magnetohydrodynamics, and multi-phase flow. They also provide several correlations for representing the boundary conditions of fluid flow, heat transfer, and mass transfer phenomena. Mathematical and Physical Modeling of Materials Processing Operations is ideal for introducing these tools to materials engineers and researchers. Although the book emphasizes materials, some of the topics will prove interesting and useful to researchers in other fields of chemical and mechanical engineering.
This book presents a comprehensive review of particle image velocimetry (PIV) and particle tracking velocimetry (PTV) as tools for experimental fluid dynamics (EFD). It shares practical techniques for high-speed photography to accurately analyze multi-phase flows; in particular, it addresses the practical know-how involved in high-speed photography, including e.g. the proper setup for lights and illumination; optical systems to remove perspective distortion; and the density of tracer particles and their fluorescence in the context of PIV and PTV. In this regard, using the correct photographic technique plays a key role in the accurate analysis of the respective flow. Practical applications include bubble and liquid flow dynamics in materials processes agitated by gas injection at high temperatures, mixing phenomena due to jet-induced rotary sloshing, and wettability effects on the efficiency of the processes.
This title explores fundamental concepts of interfacial tension and wetting behavior from a dynamic viewpoint. It provides new ideas to discuss the behavior of droplet, capillarity or meniscus actually observed in practical engineering problems.
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