Malin Hu's Books

Sovereign Debt Composition in Advanced Economies

A Historical Perspective

By: S. M. Ali Abbas,Laura Blattner,Mark De Broeck,Ms.Asmaa ElGanainy,Malin Hu

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Sovereign Debt Composition in Advanced Economies

A Historical Perspective

By: S. M. Ali Abbas,Laura Blattner,Mark De Broeck,Ms.Asmaa ElGanainy,Malin Hu

We examine how the composition of public debt, broken down by currency, maturity, holder profile and marketability, has responded to major debt accumulation and consolidation episodes during 1900-2011. Covering thirteen advanced economies, we focus on debt structure shifts that occurred around the two World Wars and global economic downturns, and the subsequent debt consolidations. Notwithstanding data gaps, we are able to recover some broad common patterns. Episodes of large debt accumulation—essentially, large increases in debt supply— were typically absorbed by increases in short-term, foreign currency-denominated, and banking-system-held debt. However, this pattern did not hold during the debt build-ups starting in the 1980s and 1990s, which were compositionally skewed toward long-term local-currency debt. We attribute this change to higher structural demand for sovereign paper, linked to capital account liberalization in advanced economies, the emergence of a large contractual saving sector, and innovative sovereign debt products. With regard to debt consolidations, we find support for the financial repression-cum-inflation channel for post World War II debt reductions. However, the scope for a repeat of this strategy appears limited unless financial liberalization and globalization were materially rolled back or the current globally agreed monetary policy regime built around price stability abandoned. Neither are significant favorable structural demand shifts, as witnessed in the 1980s and 1990s, likely.

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International Monetary Fund

Published Date

ISBN 10

1498358780

ISBN 13

9781498358781

Natural Resources Utilization in China

Evaluation, Coordination, and Effects

By: Malin Song,Tao Ding,Jiandong Chen

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Natural Resources Utilization in China

Evaluation, Coordination, and Effects

By: Malin Song,Tao Ding,Jiandong Chen

This book focuses on the evaluation, coordination, and effects of China’s natural resource utilization. By adopting both quantitative and qualitative analyses, this book objectively evaluates the spatial distribution characteristics and coupling relationship of China’s natural resource utilization based on the status quo and prominent problems during resource utilization. Moreover, the environmental, economic, and price fluctuation effects of China’s natural resource utilization are discussed. Finally, current policy systems for efficient utilization of natural resources in China and abroad are provided, which suggest a way for China to achieve efficient utilization of natural resources through an appropriate policy mechanism. This book aims to seek the balance the utilization of natural resources and sustainable development in China. It puts forward a new paradigm of natural resource utilization by incorporating the efficiency evaluation, coordination measures, and effect mechanisms of different kinds of natural resources. The evaluation system and related research methods for the efficient utilization of natural resources are very mature, laying a foundation for the development of this book’s content. As the conservation of natural resources is widely accepted, this book helps readers understand how to achieve efficient natural resource utilization in China. Meanwhile, the study of resource utilization in China can provide insights for other countries.

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336

Publisher

Springer Nature

Published Date

ISBN 10

9819949815

ISBN 13

9789819949816

Future Nordic Diets:

Exploring ways for sustainably feeding the Nordics

By: Johan Karlsson,Elin Röös,Tove Sjunnestrand,Kajsa Pira,Malin Larsson,Bente Hessellund Andersen,Jacob Sørensen,Tapani Veistola,Jaana Rantakokko,Sirkku Manninen,Stein Brubæk

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Future Nordic Diets:

Exploring ways for sustainably feeding the Nordics

By: Johan Karlsson,Elin Röös,Tove Sjunnestrand,Kajsa Pira,Malin Larsson,Bente Hessellund Andersen,Jacob Sørensen,Tapani Veistola,Jaana Rantakokko,Sirkku Manninen,Stein Brubæk

Farming is the foundation of our food system. While the prerequisite for farming is a clean environment and a diverse nature, agriculture is currently the cause of major environmental problems, including greenhouse gas and nitrogen emissions. The challenge to protect our environment and feed the world sometimes seem insurmountable, but solutions might be just around the corner. This report describes two food system scenarios for Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden, where the majority of food is produced within the region using organic farming practices and where livestock is mainly fed on grass and by-products not suitable for human consumption. The results show that we could feed the projected Nordic population in 2030 on organic food, mostly grown within the region, while reducing the climate and nitrogen footprints of our food system.

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Nordic Council of Ministers

Published Date

ISBN 10

9289352574

ISBN 13

9789289352574

Clinical Cases in Orofacial Pain

By: Malin Ernberg,Per Alstergren

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Clinical Cases in Orofacial Pain

By: Malin Ernberg,Per Alstergren

Expand your knowledge and put it into practice with this unique, case-based guide Clinical Cases in Orofacial Pain is a valuable resource for undergraduate dental students as well as residents working towards board certification. Individual cases cover temporomandibular joint disorders, masticatory muscle disorders, headache, neuropathic pain, dental pain, tooth wear, and dystonia. Following the popular Clinical Cases series style, cases are presented with associated academic commentary, including background information, diagnostic criteria and fundamental points that might influence the diagnosis, treatment planning or management of the case. Well-illustrated throughout, each chapter features self-assessment study questions to help foster independent learning. Clinical Cases in Orofacial Pain is an excellent primer for undergraduate dental students and an invaluable study guide for postgraduate students and residents. Dental practitioners will also want to keep this unique, case-based guide as a ready reference in their working libraries.

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593

Publisher

John Wiley & Sons

Published Date

ISBN 10

1119194822

ISBN 13

9781119194828

Theoretical Foundations of Nanoscale Quantum Devices

By: Malin Premaratne,Govind P. Agrawal

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Theoretical Foundations of Nanoscale Quantum Devices

By: Malin Premaratne,Govind P. Agrawal

Nanooptics which describes the interaction of light with matter at the nanoscale, is a topic of great fundamental interest to physicists and engineers and allows the direct observation of quantum mechanical phenomena in action. This self-contained and extensively referenced text describes the underlying theory behind nanodevices operating in the quantum regime for use both in advanced courses and as a reference for researchers in physics, chemistry, electrical engineering, and materials science. Presenting an extensive theoretical toolset for design and analysis of nanodevices, the authors demonstrate the art of developing approximate quantum models of real nanodevices. The rudimentary mathematical knowledge required to master the material is carefully introduced, with detailed derivations and frequent worked examples allowing readers to gain a thorough understanding of the material. More advanced applications are gradually introduced alongside analytical approximations and simplifying assumptions often used to make such problems tractable while representative of the observed features.

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299

Publisher

Cambridge University Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

1108639364

ISBN 13

9781108639361

Black Light, White Shadows

Young People in the Nordic Countries Write about Racism

By: Malin Krutmeijer

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Black Light, White Shadows

Young People in the Nordic Countries Write about Racism

By: Malin Krutmeijer

Undertit.: - young people in the Nordic countries write about racism. 97 s., hf., 1998. (TemaNord 1998 ; 538)

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104

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Nordic Council of Ministers

Published Date

ISBN 10

9289301724

ISBN 13

9789289301725

Deliver Me

A Novel

By: Malin Persson Giolito

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Deliver Me

A Novel

By: Malin Persson Giolito

Scandinavian noir meets legal thriller in this brilliant, gut-wrenching story of childhood friends torn apart by gang violence and class differences in Stockholm—from the internationally bestselling author of Quicksand. Unlikely best friends since the age of 6, Billy and Dogge live in suburbs separated only by a highway, yet a world apart. From the outside, Dogge looks privileged: his family has a large home and plenty of money—at first. But his parents are addicts whose negligence becomes a form of abuse. Meanwhile, Billy’s family are poor first-generation immigrants unable to escape the no-go zone where they live, but their cramped apartment is nonetheless a bastion of love. A ruthless small-time crime boss seeks recruits, and both Dogge and Billy become runners by the time they’re 12. Fast cash, easy access to drugs, and dreams of gaining status draw them in. But when Billy wants to leave the gang and finds himself trapped, the boys must face the violent rules of the adult game they tried to play. When children commit horrible crimes, who bears the responsibility? With piercing prose and a breathless sense of urgency, Deliver Me is at once a poignant portrayal of the power of friendship and a shattering depiction of what happens when society fails to protect those that need it most. What does justice mean for these lost children, and is the law capable of delivering it?

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545

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Other Press, LLC

Published Date

ISBN 10

1635423686

ISBN 13

9781635423686

Malware Forensics

Investigating and Analyzing Malicious Code

By: Eoghan Casey,Cameron H. Malin,James M. Aquilina

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Malware Forensics

Investigating and Analyzing Malicious Code

By: Eoghan Casey,Cameron H. Malin,James M. Aquilina

Malware Forensics: Investigating and Analyzing Malicious Code covers the complete process of responding to a malicious code incident. Written by authors who have investigated and prosecuted federal malware cases, this book deals with the emerging and evolving field of live forensics, where investigators examine a computer system to collect and preserve critical live data that may be lost if the system is shut down. Unlike other forensic texts that discuss live forensics on a particular operating system, or in a generic context, this book emphasizes a live forensics and evidence collection methodology on both Windows and Linux operating systems in the context of identifying and capturing malicious code and evidence of its effect on the compromised system. It is the first book detailing how to perform live forensic techniques on malicious code. The book gives deep coverage on the tools and techniques of conducting runtime behavioral malware analysis (such as file, registry, network and port monitoring) and static code analysis (such as file identification and profiling, strings discovery, armoring/packing detection, disassembling, debugging), and more. It explores over 150 different tools for malware incident response and analysis, including forensic tools for preserving and analyzing computer memory. Readers from all educational and technical backgrounds will benefit from the clear and concise explanations of the applicable legal case law and statutes covered in every chapter. In addition to the technical topics discussed, this book also offers critical legal considerations addressing the legal ramifications and requirements governing the subject matter. This book is intended for system administrators, information security professionals, network personnel, forensic examiners, attorneys, and law enforcement working with the inner-workings of computer memory and malicious code. - Winner of Best Book Bejtlich read in 2008! - http://taosecurity.blogspot.com/2008/12/best-book-bejtlich-read-in-2008.html - Authors have investigated and prosecuted federal malware cases, which allows them to provide unparalleled insight to the reader - First book to detail how to perform "live forensic" techniques on malicous code - In addition to the technical topics discussed, this book also offers critical legal considerations addressing the legal ramifications and requirements governing the subject matter

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713

Publisher

Syngress

Published Date

ISBN 10

0080560199

ISBN 13

9780080560199

Herspace

Women, Writing, and Solitude

By: J Dianne Garner,Victoria Boynton,Jo Malin

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Herspace

Women, Writing, and Solitude

By: J Dianne Garner,Victoria Boynton,Jo Malin

This collection delves deeply into the power of solitude in a richly detailed exploration of the lives of women writers! The essays in this fascinating volume combine literary theory, autobiography, performance, and criticism, while opening minds and expanding concepts of women's roles both in the home and within academia along the way. Herspace: Women, Writing, and Solitude begins with a discussion of the importance of solitude to the works of a variety of writers, including Margaret Atwood, May Sarton, Virginia Woolf, Marguerite Duras, and Zora Neale Hurston, and then moves on to an examination of the actual solitary spaces of women writers. The book concludes with the stories of modern women asserting their right to a space of their own. These essays, full of pain and new growth, lessons learned and battles fought, resound with the honesty and courage the authors have found in the process of truly making their own homes. Herspace examines: the stereotyped spinster solitude as a process and a journey women's prison literature cars, empty nests, kitchen counters, and other found spaces for writing the meaning of a home of one's own creating beauty in solitary settings Contributors to Herspace have made a conscious effort to integrate the personal with the academic, and the result is a volume of surprising intimacy, a window into the world of women writers past and present actively engaging solitude. From finding and defining the muse to the identity issues of home ownership, Herspace, which includes Jan Wellington's essay “What to Make of Missing Children (A Life Slipping into Fiction),” (winner of the 2003 NCTE Donald Murray Prize for “the best creative essay about teaching and/or writing published during the preceding year”) provides you with the perspectives of women who are living these issues. As the editors write: “The solitary space itself enables the writing process, protects it. And women, more than men, need this enabling protection. Women need to claim their own space, to bargain and plan and keep out of sight that solitary space in which to commune with their thoughts and feelings, to experience their creative process intimately.” Herspace explores these women's experiences, revealing the unique creativity that comes from solitude.

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306

Publisher

Routledge

Published Date

ISBN 10

1317719034

ISBN 13

9781317719038

Light Propagation in Gain Media

Optical Amplifiers

By: Malin Premaratne,Govind P. Agrawal

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Light Propagation in Gain Media

Optical Amplifiers

By: Malin Premaratne,Govind P. Agrawal

Over the past two decades, optical amplifiers have become of key importance in modern communications. In addition to this, the technology has applications in cutting-edge research such as biophotonics and lab-on-a-chip devices. This book provides a comprehensive treatment of the fundamental concepts, theory and analytical techniques behind the modern optical amplifier technology. The book covers all major optical amplification schemes in conventional materials, including the Raman and parametric gain processes. The final chapter is devoted to optical gain in metamaterials, a topic that has been attracting considerable attention in recent years. The authors emphasize analytical insights to give a deeper, more intuitive understanding of various amplification schemes. The book assumes background knowledge of electrical engineering or applied physics, including exposure to electrodynamics and wave motion, and is ideal for graduate students and researchers in physics, optics, bio-optics and communications.

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285

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Cambridge University Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

1139496255

ISBN 13

9781139496254

Malware Forensics Field Guide for Linux Systems

Digital Forensics Field Guides

By: Eoghan Casey,Cameron H. Malin,James M. Aquilina

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Malware Forensics Field Guide for Linux Systems

Digital Forensics Field Guides

By: Eoghan Casey,Cameron H. Malin,James M. Aquilina

Malware Forensics Field Guide for Linux Systems is a handy reference that shows students the essential tools needed to do computer forensics analysis at the crime scene. It is part of Syngress Digital Forensics Field Guides, a series of companions for any digital and computer forensic student, investigator or analyst. Each Guide is a toolkit, with checklists for specific tasks, case studies of difficult situations, and expert analyst tips that will aid in recovering data from digital media that will be used in criminal prosecution. This book collects data from all methods of electronic data storage and transfer devices, including computers, laptops, PDAs and the images, spreadsheets and other types of files stored on these devices. It is specific for Linux-based systems, where new malware is developed every day. The authors are world-renowned leaders in investigating and analyzing malicious code. Chapters cover malware incident response - volatile data collection and examination on a live Linux system; analysis of physical and process memory dumps for malware artifacts; post-mortem forensics - discovering and extracting malware and associated artifacts from Linux systems; legal considerations; file identification and profiling initial analysis of a suspect file on a Linux system; and analysis of a suspect program. This book will appeal to computer forensic investigators, analysts, and specialists. - A compendium of on-the-job tasks and checklists - Specific for Linux-based systems in which new malware is developed every day - Authors are world-renowned leaders in investigating and analyzing malicious code

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615

Publisher

Newnes

Published Date

ISBN 10

1597494712

ISBN 13

9781597494717

Everyone's Guide to Cancer Therapy; 4th Edition

How Cancer Is Diagnosed, Treated, and Managed Day to Day

By: Malin Dollinger

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Everyone's Guide to Cancer Therapy; 4th Edition

How Cancer Is Diagnosed, Treated, and Managed Day to Day

By: Malin Dollinger

Every chapter of this comprehensive guide has been updated and revised to include the latest medical breakthroughs and advice about cancer treatment. Line drawings.

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964

Publisher

Andrews McMeel Publishing

Published Date

ISBN 10

0740718568

ISBN 13

9780740718564

Molecular and serological tools for clinical diagnostics of Lyme borreliosis - can the laboratory analysis be improved?

By: Malin Lager

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Molecular and serological tools for clinical diagnostics of Lyme borreliosis - can the laboratory analysis be improved?

By: Malin Lager

Lyme borreliosis (LB) is caused by spirochetes within the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex and is the most common tick-transmitted disease in the northern hemisphere. The transmission of the spirochetes to humans in Europe is done by the Ixodes ricinus ticks, which can also transmit the relapsing fever species Borrelia miyamotoi. LB may cause clinical manifestations in the skin, in the central nervous system, in joints, and in the heart. Diagnosis of LB is mainly based on the patient´s medical history, self-described symptoms, and clinical signs in combination with the detection of Borrelia-specific antibodies (serological methods). In some cases/issues, detection of Borrelia-specific deoxyribonucleic acid (molecular methods) may be used as a complement to serology. All diagnosed LB infections are treated with antibiotics to prevent disease progression, and most patients fully recover without further sequelae. The overall aims of this thesis were to evaluate molecular and serological tools for laboratory diagnosis of LB, with a special focus on Lyme neuroborreliosis (LNB), and to identify potential improvements. The results presented in this thesis showed that the immunoglobulin (Ig) G assays, currently in use in northern Europe for detection of antibodies in serum, had high diagnostic sensitivity (88 %) together with comparable results both between and within assays. For the IgM assays, the diagnostic sensitivity was lower (59 %) with more heterogeneous results. Small variations in diagnostic performance for IgM and IgG were mainly presented for samples within the borderline zone. These results support the theory that separate testing of IgM antibodies in serum has low diagnostic value. However, simultaneous detection in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for both IgM and IgG antibodies was essential for the diagnosis of LNB, at least for certain assays. So far (to our knowledge), no systematic evaluation and optimisation of the pre-analytical handling of CSF samples before molecular testing has been performed. By use of the precipitate concentrated by moderate centrifugation, extraction of total nucleic acid followed by reversetranscription to complementary deoxyribonucleic acid, in combination with the absence of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) inhibitors, detection of Borrelia garinii, Borrelia afzelii, Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, and B. miyamotoi was possible. These four species are all known to be pathogenic to humans. The results revealed a high analytical sensitivity and specificity for the optimised pre-analytical conditions. The thesis also presents results showing that the real-time PCR protocols currently used in Scandinavia have high analytical sensitivity, specificity, and concordance. This indicates that the low diagnostic sensitivity for detection of Borrelia in CSF was not a result of poorly designed and evaluated PCR protocols, but was possibly due to the low number of spirochetes in the samples. However, to further evaluate the diagnostic performance for detection of Borrelia in CSF by PCR, clinical samples need to be evaluated based on our new recommendations for the pre-analytical handling of CSF samples. In conclusion, this thesis presents results revealing that both molecular and serological tools for detection of Borrelia have, in general high sensitivity and specificity with results comparable between different protocols and different laboratories. It also presents recommendations for pre-analytical handling of CSF samples before PCR-analysis, and shows the benefits in diagnostic performance by simultaneous detection of IgM and IgG antibodies in serum and CSF for accurate diagnosis of LNB. Even though the techniques mentioned above have high analytical performance, the ability to discriminate an active infection from a previous one is limited and further studies need to be carried out. These studies need to focus on finding diagnostic tools that can help physicians to determine ongoing infection to ensure adequate treatment. It is also desirable to improve the standardisation of the diagnostic tools and to find methods that can discriminate between different Borrelia species. Borrelios är den vanligaste fästingöverförda sjukdomen på norra halvklotet och orsakas av bakterier inom Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato gruppen. Överföringen av bakterier till människa i Europa sker via Ixodes ricinus fästingar, vilka även överför bakterien Borrelia miyamotoi som ger återfallsfeber. Borreliainfektioner uppvisar kliniska uttryck i huden, i det centrala nervsystemet och i leder. En borrelia-diagnos baseras främst på patientens medicinska historia i kombination med kliniska tecken, egenbeskrivna symptom samt påvisning av Borrelia-specifika antikroppar (serologiska metoder). Vid vissa frågeställningar kan påvisning av Borrelia-bakteriens arvsmassa (molekylärbiologiska metoder) användas som komplement till antikroppstester. Alla diagnostiserade borreliainfektioner behandlas med antibiotika för att förhindra utveckling av sjukdomen och merparten av patienterna blir fullt återställda. Det övergripande syftet med avhandlingen var att utvärdera metoder för påvisning av Borrelia-specifika antikroppar samt Borrelia-specifik arvsmassa, men fokus på neuroborrelios, samt identifiera potentiella förbättringar. De metoder som används för påvisning av immunoglobulin (IgG)-antikroppar (uppträder sent i en infektion) i serum i norra Europa uppvisar hög känslighet (88 %) med jämförbara resultat både mellan och inom en analysmetod. Vid påvisning av IgM-antikroppar (uppträder tidigt i en infektion) i serum uppvisas lägre känslighet (59 %) och mer olikartade resultat. Små variationer i den diagnostiska förmågan att påvisa IgM och IgG-antikroppar beror till stor del på att flera prover erhållit gränsvärden d v s ett värde som inte kan anses som positivt men inte heller som negativt. Resultaten från denna studie indikerar att påvisning av IgM-antikroppar i serum har lågt värde vid diagnostik av Borrelia. Dock bör parallell analys av både IgM och IgG-antikroppar i serum och ryggmärgsvätska utföras vid påvisning av neuroborrelios. I dagsläget (till vår kännedom) har ingen systematisk utvärdering och optimering av det preanalytiska tillvägagångssättet vid påvisning av Borrelia-specifik arvsmassa i ryggmärgsvätska genomförts. Genom att använda pelleten (bottensatsen som erhålls genom måttlig centrifugering), framrening av total nukleinsyra i kombination med frånvaro av material som kan påverka PCR-reaktionen på ett negativt sätt (inhibitorer), kan påvisning av Borreliaarterna Borrelia garinii, Borrelia afzelii, Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto och B. miyamotoi ske. Dessa Borrelia-arter är alla patogena för människa. De realtids-PCR protokoll som i dagsläget används i Skandinavien har hög analytisk känslighet, tillförlitlighet och överensstämmelse. Detta tyder på att den låga känslighet som uppvisas vid påvisning av Borrelia-specifik arvsmassa i ryggmärgsvätska inte beror på dåligt utvärderade och designade PCR-protokoll, utan är troligtvis orsakad av låg bakteriemängd i proverna. För vidare utvärdering av den diagnostiska förmågan att påvisa Borrelia-specifik arvsmassa i ryggmärgsvätska med PCR, bör kliniska prover samlas in och analyseras utifrån de nya rekommendationerna för pre-analytiskt tillvägagångssätt vid analys av ryggmärgsprover. Sammanfattningsvis visar resultaten i denna avhandling på generellt hög känslighet och tillförlitlighet samt överensstämmelse mellan olika protokoll/test vid påvisningar av Borreliaspecifika antikroppar och Borrelia-specifik arvsmassa. I avhandlingen presenteras även rekommendationer för pre-analytiskt tillvägagångssätt vid omhändertagande och transport av ryggmärgsvätska till laboratoriet. Resultaten visar även på nyttan i att analysera ryggmärgsvätska och serum parallellt för både IgM och IgG-antikroppar för att erhålla rätt diagnos vid frågeställningen neuroborrelios. Ovan nämnda metoder har trots god prestanda svårt att i alla lägen särskilja en aktiv infektion från en tidigare genomgången, varpå vidare studier krävs. Framtida studier bör fokusera på att finna diagnostiska verktyg som hjälper läkarna att urskilja en pågående infektion så att patienten erhåller passande behandling. Det är också mycket viktigt att arbeta vidare mot en standardisering av de diagnostiska metoderna samt finna metoder som har möjlighet att särskilja mellan olika Borrelia-arter.

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114

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Linköping University Electronic Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

9179298338

ISBN 13

9789179298333

Everyone's Guide to Cancer Therapy

How Cancer Is Diagnosed, Treated, and Managed Day to Day

By: Andrew Ko,Malin Dollinger,Ernest H. Rosenbaum

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Everyone's Guide to Cancer Therapy

How Cancer Is Diagnosed, Treated, and Managed Day to Day

By: Andrew Ko,Malin Dollinger,Ernest H. Rosenbaum

“Written by two oncologists . . . this authoritative but readable reference stands out . . . as a uniquely comprehensive, thorough source of up-to-date information” (Library Journal). For more than thirty years, Everyone’s Guide to Cancer Therapy has been the definitive resource for anyone confronting a cancer diagnosis. The revised and updated fifth edition draws on the latest research, information, and advice from more than 100 top oncology specialists. Equally informative and accessible, this comprehensive book helps cancer patients and their caregivers navigate through diagnosis, treatment, and supportive care. Topics include: * Information on recently approved targeted therapies for various cancer types * The newest strategies in cancer diagnosis and prevention * Cancer biology: translating scientific discoveries into meaningful advances for patients * Supportive care and complementary approaches

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1165

Publisher

Andrews McMeel Publishing

Published Date

ISBN 10

0740786318

ISBN 13

9780740786310

Tendon Healing

Mechanical Loading, Microdamage and Gene Expression

By: Malin Hammerman

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Tendon Healing

Mechanical Loading, Microdamage and Gene Expression

By: Malin Hammerman

Mechanical loading and the inflammatory response during tendon healing might be important for the healing process. Mechanical loading can improve the healing tendon but the mechanism is not fully understood. The aim of this thesis was to further clarify the effect of mechanical loading on tendon healing and how mechanical loading affects the inflammatory response during the healing process. We used a rat Achilles tendon model to study healing. The rats were exposed to different degrees of loading by unloading methods such as paralysis of the calf muscles with Botox, tail suspension, and an orthosis (a boot). Full loading was achieved by free cage activity or treadmill walking. Microdamage in tendons, unloaded with Botox, was also investigated by needling. The healing tendons were evaluated in a materials testing machine (to analyze the mechanical properties), by gene expression analysis (microarray and PCR), or histology. Our results show that moderate loading (unloading with Botox) improves the mechanical properties of healing tendons compared to minimal loading (unloading with Botox in combination with tail suspension or a boot), especially the material properties. In accordance to these findings, expression of extracellular matrix genes were also increased by moderate compared to minimal loading. Full loading improved all mechanical properties and the expression of extracellular matrix genes was further increased compared to moderate loading. However, structural properties, such as the strength and the size of the healing tendon, were more affected by full loading. Full loading also affected the expression of inflammation-related genes during the early healing phase, 3 and 5 days after tendon injury, and increased the number of immune cells in the healing tendon tissue. Also microdamage of the healing tendon (detected by blood leakage) was increased by full loading compared to moderate loading during the early healing phase. Induced microdamage by repeated needling in the healing tendon tissue increased the structural properties of the healing tendon. The gene expression after needling was similar to the gene expression after full loading. The improvement of mechanical properties by loading in healing tendons was decreased by an anti-inflammatory drug called parecoxib, which decreases the production of prostaglandins by inhibiting COX-2 activity. The effect of parecoxib was reduced when loading was reduced but we could not confirm that the effect of parecoxib was related to the degree of loading. However, parecoxib abolished the stimulatory effect of microdamage. In conclusion, these studies show that moderate loading improves the quality of the healing tendon whereas full loading also increases the quantity of the healing tendon tissue. Full loading creates microdamage and increases inflammation during the early healing phase. The strong effect of full loading on the structural properties might be due to microdamage. Indeed, the anti-inflammatory drug parecoxib seems to impair mechanical stimulation of healing tendons by reducing the response to microdamage.

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Linköping University Electronic Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

9176853616

ISBN 13

9789176853610

Rita Dove's Cosmopolitanism

By: Malin Pereira

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Rita Dove's Cosmopolitanism

By: Malin Pereira

Pulitzer Prize-winner and former poet laureate of the United States, Rita Dove has written prolifically since the early 1970s. In this, the first full-length critical study of her entire body of work by an American scholar, Malin Pereira traces the development of Dove's literary voice, looking at the ways she combines racial specificity with the perspective of the unraced universal. Pereira examines Dove's poetry, fiction, drama, and literary criticism closely and chronologically, charting her path through the racially charged culture wars of the 1970s and 1980s. She demonstrates how Dove eventually transcended racial protocols that threaten to define her work and moves into a nomadic poetic articulation of her cosmopolitan identity. As Pereira addresses Rita Dove's cosmopolitanism, she also examines the thematic concerns that reoccur in Dove's work - themes, such as incest, miscegenation, nomadism, the blues, and patriarchal oppression.

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Page Count

232

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University of Illinois Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0252028376

ISBN 13

9780252028373

Building Global Infrastructure

By: Dale S. Rothman,Mohammod T. Irfan,Barry B. Hughes,Eli Margolese-Malin,Jonathan D. Moyer

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Building Global Infrastructure

By: Dale S. Rothman,Mohammod T. Irfan,Barry B. Hughes,Eli Margolese-Malin,Jonathan D. Moyer

Building Global Infrastructure is the fourth in a series of volumes-Patterns of Potential Human Progress-that uses the International Futures (IFs) simulation model to explore prospects for human development: how development appears to be unfolding globally and locally, how we would like it to evolve, and how better to assure that we move it in desired directions. Earlier volumes addressed the reduction of global poverty, the advance of global education, and the improvement of global health. Volume 4 sets out to tell the story of the future of global infrastructure. The approach used in this book focuses on the question of whether individual societies will be able to meet future infrastructure demands. Related questions include the following: * What is the range of realistically conceivable futures for infrastructure, considering both demand and supply? * How are the demands for infrastructure balanced with the ability to meet these demands, thereby linking the physical and financial treatment of infrastructure? * What are the effects of providing for infrastructure on issues such as economic productivity and health?

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507

Publisher

Routledge

Published Date

ISBN 10

1317262948

ISBN 13

9781317262947

American Masculinity Under Clinton

Popular Media and the Nineties "crisis of Masculinity"

By: Brenton J. Malin

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American Masculinity Under Clinton

Popular Media and the Nineties "crisis of Masculinity"

By: Brenton J. Malin

Whereas many of the men of Reagan's '80s seemed stereotypically hypermasculine, a host of '90s images suggest a new phase of more sensitive manhood. In the Clinton era, both academic and popular writers suggested that a «crisis of masculinity» had taken root - one that had men questioning traditional male ideas and seeking new identities. This book explores the conflicted ways in which this seemingly new climate of masculinity was negotiated. From Bill Clinton to The Promise Keepers and Titanic to Friends, a host of '90s heroes put this rhetoric of crisis to work to win elections, audience members, and ratings.

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Page Count

220

Publisher

Peter Lang

Published Date

ISBN 10

0820468061

ISBN 13

9780820468068

The Voice of the Mother

Embedded Maternal Narratives in Twentieth-century Women's Autobiographies

By: Jo Malin

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The Voice of the Mother

Embedded Maternal Narratives in Twentieth-century Women's Autobiographies

By: Jo Malin

Analyzing this narrative practice, Malin examines ten texts by women who seem particularly compelled to tell their mothers' stories. Each author is, in fact, able to write her own autobiography only by using a narrative form that contains her mother's story at its core. These texts raise interesting questions about autobiography as a genre and about a feminist writing practice that resists and subverts the dominant literary tradition.".

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