This book integrates humanist approaches in enabling both spiritual growth and social science knowledge in advocating for the emancipation of exploited women, children and youth, based on critical realism. Through an autoethnographic account of the first author’s journey from being a secular Jew, through Anglicanism, to Quakerism and then Islam, a pacifist-based social science methodology is developed. This approach describes attempts to understand and liberate sexually exploited youths in Bangladesh; exploited women and girls in Pakistan; and struggling women in Gaza, Palestine. The model attempts to integrate moral goals of Judaism, Christianity and Islam in seeking peaceful co-operation. Secular humanism is added, creating a research model which seeks the enhancement of human welfare through the universal ethic of the social contract, in which humans and their welfare are both interesting and exciting. A review of research on child sexual exploitation elaborates the model of child-centred humanism.
Glimpses of Life After Death This book is for those who have come to realize that life is a journey to one certain destination, and wisely seek the knowledge necessary to arrive thoroughly prepared, with provision in hand for what lies beyond. The Final Messenger, Muhammad, peace be upon him, has left us a wealth of instructions on this subject, and in compiling this selection, Dr. Bah has made the essential hadith directly accessible to non-Arabic speakers, especially those who have recently discovered the teachings of Islam. In this selfless presentation, Dr. Bah has stepped aside and allowed the hadiths to speak for themselves. Readers may find themselves deeply moved, as if actually in the presence of the inspiring men and women whose example we humbly imitate, sharing their grief at the death of their loved ones, may Allah be pleased with them. -Abd un-Nur Anthony Brewer
A translation from the Sudanese of Taha’s major work in which he outlines the main features of his teachings. Mahmoud Mohamed Taha had long been known for his radical reinterpretation of Islam. His reputation, along with his vigorous opposition to the Islamization program, ultimately led to his demise.
The prevailing belief among Muslims is that, because the Qur'an is the Word of God and God is eternal, it follows that His Word is also eternal. The belief is based on the postulate that the Word of God must be of the same nature as God Himself. Mahmoud Hussein refutes this by showing that it contradicts the very teachings of the Qur'an. Whereas God transcends time, His Word is inscribed within time. It is not a monologue, but a living exchange, through which God reveals to His Prophet different orders of truth, weaving together the absolute and the relative, the general and the particular, the eternal and the contingent. An international bestseller, Understanding the Qur'an today offers a new perspective on one of the world's most influential texts and adds an invaluable contribution to the debate on Islam and modernity.
A highly influential Sudanese reformist thinker, Mahmud Muhammad Taha is regarded as a product of a dual legacy rooted in mystical Islam on the one hand and in the tradition of modernity on the other. Publicly executed in 1985 folowing his conviction of apostasy, Taha offered distinctly original interpretations of the Qur’an and a radical theory of Islamic prayer. In Quest for Divinity, Mohamed Mahmoud presents an in-depth and balanced treatment of Taha’s controversial yet significant thought. The author’s ability to provide access to relevant literature in both Arabic and English offers readers a rare view of the considerable nuance in Taha’s thought. With rich detail Mahmoud explores Taha’s theories of human freedom and his social message, referred to as "the second message of Islam" with its emphasis on political, economic, and social equality. Taha’s embrace of modernity is further assessed relative to his position on science, law, and art-areas that have always attracted Muslim modernists. Quest for Divinity will attract attention to Taha’s compelling but little-known intellectual contribution as a seminal modern reformer of Islam. Such recognition is long overdue and will enrich the current debates on Islam and modernity.
Professor Ayoub of Temple University, Pennsylvania, is one of the best known scholars of Islam in America today. He firmly believes that it is important to learn about Islam, its history, beliefs, and practices from believing Muslims. In this book, he combines his objective scholarship with the insights of an insider, to present a unique introduction to Islam as a living religion. From the starting point of his own spiritual journey, Ayoub explores all aspects of Islam: from its origins to the modern-day challenges of the world; from the Qur’an and Islamic law to the epic poetry of the Sufis; and from the spread of Islam worldwide to the present role of Islam in the US and Europe. A unique blend of personal understanding and scholarly endeavour, this digestible account will enable the reader to gain an insider’s perspective on Islam and experience its significance from within.
Using commentaries from the classical period through the medieval and modern periods to the present, this book presents the Qur'an as Muslims have understood it and interiorized it throughout its rich exegetical history. Sources have been carefully chosen to represent all of the major schools and trends in Islamic thought. This book has been written, not primarily for scholars, but for interested western readers, for students of Islam, and for non-Arabic-speaking Muslims. For almost fourteen centuries the Qur'an has been a source of inspiration and solace and, above all, a guide along the way of life toward eternity. It is presented as such here. This work is one of several volumes, each a reference to a particular part of the Qur'an. The entire collection will comprise an encyclopedia of Qur'an commentary.
The Qur'an and Its Interpreters introduces the Western reader to the Qur'an as Muslims have understood it. The record of the Qur'an in the community as a force shaping the life of Muslims can be most clearly discerned through the vast literature of interpretation known as tafsir. This multivolume work is based on a large number of tafsir sources, representing all the major religious schools and stages of Muslim history for the last one thousand years. It will cover the entire Qur'an. This first volume consists of an introduction to the science and sources of interpretation of the Qur'an and the first two surahs of the Qur'an. The treatment is comprehensive and thorough. While the work is based entirely on primary sources, this volume includes a substantial bibliography of works on the Qur'an in Western languages. The Qur'an is the word of God as it was revealed to the prophet Muhammad, interiorized by the community, then shaped into an earthly book whose original archetype is with God. Dr. Ayoub concerns himself not with the history of the Qur'an, but with the way it was collected and fixed into an official codex, the recension of which has voiced the community's prayers and devotions, set its legal norms and moral standards, and occupied its best minds for more than thirteen hundred years.
The series Religion and Society (RS) contributes to the exploration of religions as social systems– both in Western and non-Western societies; in particular, it examines religions in their differentiation from, and intersection with, other cultural systems, such as art, economy, law and politics. Due attention is given to paradigmatic case or comparative studies that exhibit a clear theoretical orientation with the empirical and historical data of religion and such aspects of religion as ritual, the religious imagination, constructions of tradition, iconography, or media. In addition, the formation of religious communities, their construction of identity, and their relation to society and the wider public are key issues of this series.
Astro Boy was developed by Dr. Osamu Tezuka, acknowledged as the father of narrative manga. Tezuka was inspired to become a comic artist upon seeing an animation war propaganda film, titled 'Momotarou Uminokaihei'. Tezuka introduced episodic storytelling and character development in comic format, in which each story is part of larger story arc. The only text in Tezuka's comics was the characters' dialogue, this gave his comics a cinematic quality. Tezuka's work generated new interest in the 'ukiyo-e' tradition, in which the image is a representation of an idea, rather than a depiction of reality."--Wikapedia.
For almost fourteen centuries the Qur’an has been a source of inspiration and solace and, above all, a guide along the way of life toward eternity. Using commentaries from the classical period through the medieval and modern periods to the present, this series presents the Qur’anic explanation as Muslims have understood it and interiorized it throughout its rich exegetical history, and has been written not primarily for scholars but for those interested readers and non-Arabic speaking students of Islam, both Muslim and non-Muslim. This volume is the second in the series containing the third surah, Al Imran. The first volume contains the first and the second surahs. The entire collection will comprise an encyclopedia of the Qur’an commentary.
For almost fourteen centuries the Qur’an has been a source of inspiration and solace and, above all, a guide along the way of life toward eternity. Using commentaries from the classical period through the medieval and modern periods to the present, this series presents the Qur’anic explanation as Muslims have understood it and interiorized it throughout its rich exegetical history. This series has been written not primarily for scholars, but for interested readers and non-Arabic speaking students of Islam, both Muslim and non-Muslim. This volume contains the first and second surahs of the Qur’an, al-Fatihah and al-Baqarah, and is the first of several volumes yet to be published. The second volume containing the third surah, Al Imran, has been published simultaneously. The entire collection will comprise an encyclopedia of the Qur’an commentary.
Comprehensibly structured, this guidebook is intended for scholars of various fields, especially Muslims. Alongside specific applications in Islamics, it first clarifies the notion of scientific research and scholarly writing. It then addresses the processes of collecting data and writing a research paper, section by section, from the Title to the Acknowledgments; emphasis is laid on documenting sources both in the text and the References section, with illustrations ranging from multivolume books to on-line documents. The book finally explores the publication process and debates on misconceptions from the religious viewpoint and on ungrammatical and other criticizable English uses.
Forgetfulness is one of the Maladies of Lucifer. When he was priest of angels, he forgot to pray to God to protect him from deviating from the straight path. It is written in the Laws of God: Be sure we shall test you with something of fear and Lucifer was most afraid of Adam in his clay form. When finally God commanded the angels Let each one that holds Me for his Lord straightway do reverence to this earth many that loves God bowed themselves but Lucifer with them that were of his mind disobeyed. They said: O Lord, we are spirit and therefore it is not just that we should do reverence to this clay. That was the day Lucifer fell from grace to grass. If he had remembered that he had just failed in his trial, he should have long stopped blaming his fall on the just judgment of God and repent. Again, he forgot he had no wings, and was not created with light like the angels, and yet was elevated and made Priest among angels. Who is he then, to question God what He should and should not do? I wonder. Lucifer boasted that he would give God trouble on Judgement Day. O poor Lucifer! He has again forgotten that God has no need: It is man and Jinn that have need. If God wills, He could blot out present creation for another creation. Lucifer is indeed a confused man-Iblis.
This is the seventh category, Impact of Financial Intermediation Transactions on Iraq’s Gross Domestic Product (2003–2017); the conclusion of the study shows that there is no significant effect between the financial intermediation and the growth of the domestic product in Iraq due to the inefficiency of the Iraqi financial market as well as its size, which is therefore reflected negatively on the desired results.
The Routledge Course on Media, Legal and Technical Translation: English-Arabic-English is an indispensable and engaging coursebook for university students wishing to develop their English-Arabic-English translation skills in these three text types. Taking a practical approach, the book introduces Arab translation students to common translation strategies in addition to the linguistic, syntactic, and stylistic features of media, legal, and technical texts. This book features texts carefully selected for their technical relevance. The key features include: • comprehensive four chapters covering media, legal, and technical texts, which are of immense importance to Arab translation students; • detailed and clear explanations of the lexical, syntactic, and stylistic features of English and Arabic media, legal, and technical texts; • up-to-date and practical translation examples in both directions offering students actual experiences of professional translators; • authentic texts extracted from various sources to promote students’ familiarity with language features and use; • extensive range of exercises following each section of the book to enable students to test and practice the knowledge and skills they developed from reading previous sections; • glossaries following most exercises containing the translation of difficult words; and • a list of recommended readings following each chapter. The easy, practical, and comprehensive approach adopted in the book makes it a must-have coursebook for intermediate and advanced students studying translation between English and Arabic. University instructors and professional translators working on translation between English and Arabic will find this book particularly useful.
Most histories of nineteenth-century Afghanistan argue that the country remained immune to the colonialism emanating from British India because, militarily, Afghan defenders were successful in keeping out British imperial invaders. However, despite these military victories, colonial influences still made their way into Afghanistan. Looking closely at commerce in and between Kabul, Peshawar, and Qandahar, this book reveals how local Afghan nomads and Indian bankers responded to state policies on trade. British colonial political emphasis on Kabul had significant commercial consequences both for the city itself and for the cities it displaced to become the capital of the emerging Afghan state. Focused on routing between three key markets, Connecting Histories in Afghanistan challenges the overtly political tone and Orientalist bias that characterize classic colonialism and much contemporary discussion of Afghanistan.
It is no secret that women fought for their rights and freedom throughout history in all the land. It was commonplace anywhere on Earth in ancient times that men earned the living and women stayed at home. Today, women have come a very along way. They are, however, viewed by a majority in the West as oppressed in eastern Muslim countries. In turn, many in eastern Muslim countries view women in the West as ill-treated. This book sheds a shining light on the 1400 year-old Islamic view of women. Even better, it examines the modern status of women in both societies, and unlike many Muslim- written books, high lights the shortcomings of both. For anyone interested in a Muslim perspective on women, this book will be very valuable. The book examines the ancient and modern status of women in different societies and provides a clear description of the 1400 year-old Islamic teachings on women
The dominant narrative of Iranian society and politics heralds the reformist movement as the epitome of Iran's transition to secularity, while conservative political forces are positioned as advocates of Islamization and a bulwark against secularization. Examining all the presidential elections since the revolution, Mahmoud Pargoo and Shahram Akbarzadeh argue that in contrast, political and cultural imagination and expectations in Iran have actually secularized regardless of the reformist/conservative divide. Exploring the evolution of campaign discourses from the 1980s elections which brought Abolhassan Banisadr, Mohammad-Ali Rajai and Ali Khamenei to power, to the more recent campaigns of Mohamad Khatami, Mahmoud Ahmadinejad and Hassan Rouhani, this book suggests that current debates in Iranian domestic politics are not between secularists and their opponents, but rather, between different kinds of secular forces.
Shortlisted for the International Prize for Arabic Fiction 2016. In the wake of resettlement from the desert to the hills overlooking Jerusalem, aging Bedouin patriarch Mannan wants his son Muhammad al-Asghar (the Youngest) to take on leadership and hold the clan together. But the youngest of eighteen sons is unable to follow in his father’s footsteps. Like others in the al-Abd al-Lat clan, he is torn between old customs and new choices. Muhammad al-Asghar is married—with affection and loyalty—to open-minded Sanaa, a childless divorcee. He works as a clerk in a sharia court, recording marriage contracts and divorce papers. But he wants to become a writer and gets drawn into stories: of his mate, of unhappy co-wives in the sharia court, of his storytelling mother Wadha (his father’s sixth wife), of his brothers and relatives. Listening to them, he becomes aware of the impossibility of equality for women in a clan culture caught in the grip of a suffocating foreign occupation, following the Palestinian exodus of 1948. And while he fails to bring the clan together, as his father had hoped, he manages to honor Mannan’s legacy request and record the life of the clan. A family album imbued with disaster, warmth and humor, Praise for the Women of the Family captures vivid snapshots of shifting intimate bonds, taken in the shadow of the patriarch by a youngest son, in search of his people’s story. The Al-Abd al-Lat clan has left the desert and is preparing to leave its Bedouin customs behind. Some of the women of the clan are drawn to the allure of modern life, while others scorn it and fear the loss of their traditional lifestyle and values. When Rasmia accompanies her husband to a party, Najma wears a dress and Sana gets a tan on her white legs, they set malicious tongues wagging. Meanwhile, Wadha, the sixth wife of Mannan, the chief of the clan, still believes that the washing machine and television are inhabited by evil spirits. Set in the tumultuous time after the nakba (the Palestinian exodus from what is now Israel), Praise for the Women in the Family portrays the rapid advance of modernity and the growing conflict in 1950s Palestine. It also reveals the impossibility of political equality in a society that treats its women unjustly and denies them the right to dignity and equality with men.
This open access book is unique in its contents. No other title in the book market has tackled this important subject. It introduces innovation as a way of practice for world-class universities. It, then, discusses the criteria for being innovative in the academic world. The book selects some of the top innovative world-class universities to study the factors that qualified them to be innovative, so that any other university can follow their steps to become innovative. The final chapter of the book presents some recommendations in this regard.
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