Here's a complete guide to building reliable component-based software systems. Written by world-renowned experts in the component-based software engineering field, this unique resource helps you manage complex software through the development, evaluation and integration of software components. You quickly develop a keen awareness of the benefits and risks to be considered when developing reliable systems using components. A strong software engineering perspective helps you gain a better understanding of software component design, to build systems with stronger requirements, and avoid typical errors throughout the process, leading to improved quality and time to market. From component definition, standards, objects and frameworks, to organizational development and support of the component-based life cycle, the book describes aspects of systems development using components and component development. It focuses on dependable and real-time systems, employing case studies from the process automation industry, software production, electronic consumer equipment and office software development.
Political parties are essential for the functioning of parliamentary democracy but how have parties adapted to the challenges created by the growth of a new layer of political decision-making at the supranational level, i.e. the EU? This comparative survey focuses on parties in four Nordic countries, including Norway, which remains outside the EU.
Adult Education and the Formation of Citizens turns attention towards normative claims about who adults should become through education, and what capacities and skills adults need to develop to become included in society as ‘full’ citizens. Through these debates, adults are construed as not yet citizens, despite already being citizens in a formal sense; this book problematises such regimes of truth and their related notions of the possibilities and impossibilities of adult education and citizenship. Drawing on empirical examples from the two main adult education institutions in Sweden, folk high schools and municipal adult education, it argues that, through current regimes of truth, these institutions become spaces for the re-shaping of the "abnormal" citizen. The book suggests that only certain futures of citizenship and its educational provision are made possible, while other futures are ignored or even made impossible to imagine. Offering a unique focus on critically problematising the role of adult education in relation to the fostering and shaping of citizens, the book addresses the important contemporary challenges of the role of adult education in a time of migration. Adult Education and the Formation of Citizens will be of great interest to academics, researchers and postgraduate students in the fields of adult education, lifelong learning and education.
The European Union was created for the purpose of encouraging peace on the continent, but today is increasingly active globally in areas such as diplomacy, development, humanitarian and consular aid, and civilian and military crisis management. Yet we know little about the forces that drive the Union to interact, influence and intervene outside its borders. This book offers a new theoretical perspective that explains how EU collective action is driven by practice, such as diplomatic routines and crisis management procedures. Using global case studies, Ekengren shows how the EU's representatives perform these routines, or transnational practices, across particular 'locales' around the globe, from Kosovo to Haiti. By connecting transnational and local forces in the explanation of EU foreign policy action, he presents an outline of a practice theory of translocal action. Scholars, policymakers and journalists will find this theoretically ground breaking book essential in understanding the European Union's foreign policy.
This open access book examines the challenges and issues caused by a move to a marketized education system in Sweden. Observing the introduction of the school voucher system and a postmodern social constructivist view of knowledge, the move away from objective knowledge is identified as the core reason for Sweden’s current education crisis. The impact of declining education standards on the labor market is also discussed. This book highlights the issues seen in Sweden and suggests policies that can improve education in the rest of the Western world as well. It will be relevant to students and researchers interested in education and labor economics.
A study of the impact of European governance on the time of national policymakers and institutions. A theoretical approach to the changing demands of policy-planning as the focus shifts to the present and new demands and rhythms influence European decision-making.
This book offers a systematic inquiry into how, why, and with what consequences media affects governments and the standing of prime ministers. It aims at an understanding of how media has caused institutional effects in government, as well as at advancing a unified theory of government communication. The author develops a logic of centralization and applies it to one case, Sweden. Government communication has been institutionalized, tightened and centralized with the prime minister and has changed irreversibly. Analysis of how the government communication system has evolved, mainly in its institutional structures, suggests that the shift to centralization arose more out of necessity than choice. For prime ministers most of this is about finding ways to ensure that the entire government respond to media uniformly. As governments face a set of functional demands from media, different kinds of media, uniformity has been a paramount objective. Nevertheless, this development involves shifting dynamics of intra-executive relations and a shift of power away from ministries to the prime minister’s office; the apex of political power. The prime minister has been empowered at the expense of ministers through the concentration of power and resources to the executive centre. That is partly because of media, which reinforces political hierarchies. That and the centralized control of government news in turn raises further questions about democratic governance and the nature of modern-day governing.
This book analyses the increasing use of sport in European and Western welfare states as a tool of social policy and its promotion as a solution to social problems. Midnight Football is a sports-based intervention targeting social inclusion and crime prevention in young people aged 12–25 in Sweden. This book takes a close look at its organization, pedagogy and potential outcomes. Drawing on cutting-edge research into Midnight Football in Sweden, and exploring other community sport programmes including Midnight Basketball in the United States, this book shines new light on broader social transformations regarding urban segregation and social exclusion, social policy and the governing of welfare and social policy. This book also offers new perspectives on how sport and the lives of young people intersect with and shape broader shifts in welfare and social policy in Western states, shifts that are manifested in increased inequality, social polarization and profound changes in urban geographies. This is fascinating reading for anybody with an interest in the relationships between sport and wider society, or in sport development, sport policy, social policy, public policy or youth and social work.
This is the first overview of Performing Arts Collections in the Nordic Countries published in English from Nordisk Center for Teaterdokumentation. It is a register of archives, libraries, museums, theatres and institutions that hold performing arts records in their collections as well as a description of what the collections contain. Furthermore the main educational institutions are mentioned. As a foreigner to Nordic languages, it can be difficult to access Nordic performing arts archives and get an overview over the field. The ambition with this publication is to make the archives accessible to a larger group of scholars all over the world. For the first time in more than 40 years of publishing an overview over Performing Arts Collections in the Nordic countries (until now in Finnish, Norwegian, Swedish, and Danish) and Iceland, we have included Greenland and The Faroe Islands. The performing arts tradition in these two countries still lack broader research. It is my hope, as editor in chief, that this inclusion will strengthen scholarly awareness of the performing arts history of both Greenland and The Faroe Islands in a broader context. We live in a digital era, with access to a great deal of digital or digitized records. Unfortunately, web links die out quickly. Thus, the editorial choice has been to link to the main web page of each institution. Not all institutions have an English web site, but with the descriptions in this publication, it is our hope that it will be easier to access the collections listed in it. The editorial team from Nordisk Center for Teaterdokumentation consists of Marjaana Launonen (Finland) Sigríður Jónsdóttir (Iceland), Benedikte Berntzen (Norway), Magnus Blomkvist and Rikard Larsson (Sweden), Birgit Kleist Pedersen (Greenland), and Anna Lawaetz (Denmark and The Faroe Islands).
This is an open access book. Europe faces significant challenges in the coming decades: geopolitical, demographic, technological, increased competition, climate-related, and health issues due to an aging population, to mention a few. Given these challenges, technological progress and new ways of handling complex issues will be key to continued prosperity and growth. To accomplish a growth process driven by innovation and entrepreneurship, the institutional environment must take into account a multitude of different policy areas that interact to either strengthen or weaken an economy's innovative potential. Innovation is not only about R&D and higher education but is also intimately related to entrepreneurship. Similarly, entrepreneurship is not only about low start-up costs and favorable tax rates. Hence, a consistent and coordinated policy environment conducive to innovation and entrepreneurship is required to translate innovation into high-growth firms and macro-level growth. This book presents the basic cornerstones required to provide a policy regime that can nurture such dynamics. The authors draw extensively on empirical analysis of the development of the Swedish economy, which has been transformed from a so-called "sclerosis" state in the 1980s until the early 1990s to an economy characterized by successful entrepreneurship and innovation. This transformation resulted from a reform agenda that has been gradually rolled out, beginning in the mid-1980s. The authors argue that the Swedish experience provides useful lessons for other nations as well.
The global phenomenon of political consumerism is known through such diverse manifestations as corporate boycotts, increased preferences for organic and fairtrade products, and lifestyle choices such as veganism. It has also become an area of increasing research across a variety of disciplines. Political consumerism uses consumer power to change institutional or market practices that are found ethically, environmentally, or politically objectionable. Through such actions, the goods offered on the consumer market are problematized and politicized. Distinctions between consumers and citizens and between the economy and politics collapse. The Oxford Handbook of Political Consumerism offers the first comprehensive theoretical and comparative overview of the ways in which the market becomes a political arena. It maps the four major forms of political consumerism: boycotting, buycotting (spending to show support), lifestyle politics, and discursive actions, such as culture jamming. Chapters by leading scholars examine political consumerism in different locations and industry sectors, and in consideration of environmental and human rights problems, political events, and the ethics of production and manufacturing practices. This volume offers a thorough exploration of the phenomenon and its myriad dilemmas, involving religion, race, nationalism, gender relations, animals, and our common future. Moreover, the Handbook takes stock of political consumerism's effectiveness in solving complex global problems and its use to both promote and impede democracy.
Strategic Sourcing and Category Management examines how category management works in practice, drawing insight from IKEA. With over twenty-five years' experience of purchasing at IKEA, Magnus Carlsson shares the wisdom gained from devising and executing IKEA's highly successful purchasing strategies. The text is supported by insightful interviews and case studies, which are compared and contrasted with examples from other leading companies. Strategic Sourcing and Category Management answers three critical questions: -When is category management a profitable method and why? -How do category teams create real results? -How can category management be organized and implemented effectively? In answering these three questions, Magnus Carlsson not only presents the guiding principles behind category based sourcing, he also demonstrates how category based sourcing can effectively be implemented in practice and provides guidance on how to realise the benefits of this approach. Cleverly connecting theory and practice, the book draws upon existing and new tools, and applies them in a highly practical context. With application spanning far beyond IKEA, this book is an invaluable resource for procurement professionals in any industry. Strategic Sourcing and Category Management is the result of twenty five years' experience of Strategic Sourcing within IKEA and collaboration with several companies and the Stockholm School of Economics.
This open access book builds on the European Union’s (EU) Horizon 2020 project ‘Financial and Institutional Reforms for an Entrepreneurial Society’ (FIRES). The authors outline how Europe can move towards more inclusive, innovative and sustainable growth through reforms that will rekindle its entrepreneurial spirit. Based on decades of research and countless discussions with stakeholders, the book also features the FIRES project’s full list of policy interventions and institutional reforms that can help policymakers make that agenda a reality.
This book addresses the contemporary debate about the 'third way' in European social democracy, by analysing the exemplar case of social democracy - 'the Swedish model' - this book challenges the recent 'third way' perspective. The author argues strongly against the widely held belief that the nature of contemporary capitalist restructuring and globalisation has rendered traditional social democracy obsolete.
In 1948, the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea is founded by General Kim Il-sung. In 1978, North Korea celebrates the thirtieth anniversary of its founding, and Kim Jong-il, who at the time is the head of the Propaganda and Agitation Department, orders the kidnapping of the greatest South Korean movie star, the actress Madame Choi, and her ex-husband, the famous film director Shin Sang-ok. In 2008, North Korea celebrates its sixtieth anniversary, and Magnus Bärtås and Fredrik Ekman take a bizarre, heavily guided tour to the world’s most isolated country. In All Monster Must Die, authors Magnus Bärtås and Fredrik Ekman weave together these three stories to create a mosaic of North Korea, past and present: from the Japanese occupation to the demarcation of the border at the 38th parallel and the Korean War, the development of North Korean Juche ideology, the establishment of the Kim dynasty’s cult of personality, and the aggressive manufacturing of political propaganda, which motivated the kidnapping of South Korea’s most famous film couple. Intelligent and shocking, this book offers a rare and fascinating window into the “hermit kingdom,” and includes an updated chapter on the passing of Kim Jong-il and the declaration of his son, Kim Jong-un, as supreme leader.
A Practical Guide to Using the Balanced Scorecard performance drivers Nils-Goran Olve, Jan Roy and Magnus Wetter Since the groundbreaking work of Robert S. Kaplan and David P. Norton, the concept of the Balanced Scorecard has achieved increasing popularity in the business world. Previously, many organizations had built their business objectives around financial targets and goals that bore little relation to a long-term strategic vision. Typically, this leaves a gap between the development of a company's strategy and its implementation. The business scorecard, however, provides a more 'balanced view' by looking at not just-financial concerns, but also customers, internal business processes, and learning and growth. But it is not just a system of performance measurement - by focusing on future potential success it can be used as a dynamic management system that reinforces, implements and drives corporate strategy forward. In this book, the authors draw on their extensive experience with scorecard projects to provide a step-by-step method for introducing the Balanced Scorecard into an organization. This is done through the use of some of the most important practical examples in existence, with case studies from ABB, Coca Cola, Electrolux, British Telecom, Nat West, Skandia and Volvo. The desired strategic control system using scorecards that is presented focuses on creating and communicating a total comprehensive picture to all members of the organization from the top down, a long-term view of what the company's strategic objectives really are, how to make use of knowledge gained through experience and the required flexibility of such a system to cope with the fast-changing business environment. This book will provide senior and operational managers, consultants and business academics with a comprehensive view of emerging Balanced Scorecard practice supported by both business advice and a theoretical foundation. Reflections on the relations between the Balanced Scorecard and other areas, such as TQM, information systems and intellectual capital and knowledge management are also made. Business Strategy
Revel in the bright lights of ABBA’s show-stopping musical career, and hear the whispers from the shadows that lurked behind. Bright Lights Dark Shadows: The Real Story of Abba is the first true, full-scale biography ever written about the band. With lucid prose and an inquisitive eye, author, Carl Palm, covers all aspects of the band’s lives and careers. The period before the group formed; their global domination throughout the 1970s; their marriages and divorces; their business empire and; their eventual, inevitable split.
This book is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license. The authors of this book advise the economies of the European Union to become more entrepreneurial in promoting innovation and economic growth. The authors propose a reform strategy with respect to several aspects to achieve this goal. Starting with the rule of law and the protection of property rights; the tax system; the authors deal with regulations governing savings, capital and finance, and the organization of labor markets and social insurance systems. Framework strategies related to the regulations governing goods and service markets, bankruptcy and insolvency are also put forward. A core understanding and future path is also provided towards R&D, commercialization and knowledge spillovers; human capital investments; and informal institutions.
The Social Life of Unsustainable Mass Consumption draws on a variety of theories and research to contribute to our understanding of unsustainable mass consumption. It addresses the role of identities, social relations, interactions, belonging, and status comparison, and how perceived time scarcity is both a cause and an effect of consumption. It examines the power of consumer norms and how overconsumption is normalized and shows how consumption is embedded in the time-space arrangements of everyday life. Magnus Boström contextualizes such drivers within the larger institutional and infrastructural forces underlying mass consumption, including the economy, growth politics, and the problematic promises of consumer culture. Boström further draws on lessons from lived experiments of consuming less and discuss how insights about the flaws of consumer culture can help shape a growing critique and countermovement – a collective detox from consumerism.
Introduction to Industrial Energy Efficiency: Energy Auditing, Energy Management, and Policy Issues offers a systemic overview of all key-aspects involved in improving industrial energy efficiency in various industry sectors. It is organized in three parts, each dealing with a particular perspective needed to form a complete view of related issues. Sections focus on energy auditing and improved energy efficiency of companies from a predominantly technical perspective, shed light on energy management and factors that hinder or drive the adoption of energy efficiency practices in the manufacturing industry, and explore energy efficiency policy instruments and how they are designed, implemented and evaluated. Practicing engineers in the field of energy efficiency, engineering and energy researchers coming into the field, and graduate students will find this book to be an invaluable reference on the fundamental knowledge they need to get started in this area. - Provides, in one volume, a comprehensive overview of energy systems efficiency and management that is applied to various industrial processes - Explores operational measures for improvement, including case studies from varying countries and sectors - Discusses the barriers to, and driving forces for, improving energy efficiency in industrial settings, including technical, behavioral, organizational and policy aspects
Obstetrician and gynecologist Magnus Murphy, MD, and journalist/advocate Pauline McDonagh Hull offer a compelling case for surgical delivery as a legitimate birth choice for informed women. By offering a wealth of medical evidence from around the world and thoughtfully countering the many objections detractors have lodged against it, the authors convincingly demonstrate that a planned cesarean birth at thirty-nine- plus weeks is a safe and often preferred alternative to a planned vaginal delivery. An indispensable guide for women, their families, and medical professionals.
Improved conditions of care for premature infants have led to markedly increased survival rates over the last few decades, particularly in very low and extremely low birth weight infants. Nutritional measures play a central role in the long-term outcome, health, and quality of life of these premature infants. In this updated and extended edition, leading experts from all over the world present the most recent evidence and critical analyses of nutrient requirements and the practice of nutritional care (with the focus on very low birth weight infants) to provide guidance for clinical application. The chapters of this publication show how growth and development can be nutritionally supported, which nutrients and non-nutrients can be supplied, and how nutritional care can get implemented. Approaches to nutritional care in various disease conditions are also addressed. The compilation of current information and recommendations should support the daily work of health care professionals such as neonatologists, paediatricians, other physicians involved in the care of preterm infants, nurses, nutritionists/dieticians, and others. The current book is also of interest for researchers who wish to keep up to date in this moving field.
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Hybrid Systems: Computation and Control, HSCC 2008, held in St. Louis, MO, USA, in April 2008. The 42 revised full papers and 20 revised short papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from numerous submissions for inclusion in the book. The papers focus on research in embedded, reactive systems involving the interplay between symbolic/switching and continuous dynamical behaviors and feature the latest developments of applications and theoretical advancements in the design, analysis, control, optimization, and implementation of hybrid systems, with particular attention to embedded and networked control systems.
Few national bodies carrying out archaeology ever attempt to synthesise their work which is a shame if this book is in any way typical of this type of approach. Published by the Excavations Department at the Swedish National Heritage Board, this book represents a synthesis of up-to-date research and re-evaluation of studies focusing on the Stone Age in Scania. Beyond its reconstruction of the cultural history of this period, it also addresses many issues concerned with the methodology of contract archaeology and how it differs from university-based research. Covering a long period from the first settlers in Scania c.12,000 BP to the end of the Middle Neolithic c.4300 BP, each chapter is written by a different author(s) and contains lots of photographs, drawings and maps. A well written and well presented study which makes you look forward to the next volume on the Bronze Age.
Apply microservices patterns to build resilient and scalable distributed systems Key Features Understand the challenges of building large-scale microservice landscapes Build cloud-native production-ready microservices with this comprehensive guide Discover how to get the best out of Spring Cloud, Kubernetes, and Istio when used together Book DescriptionMicroservices architecture allows developers to build and maintain applications with ease, and enterprises are rapidly adopting it to build software using Spring Boot as their default framework. With this book, you’ll learn how to efficiently build and deploy microservices using Spring Boot. This microservices book will take you through tried and tested approaches to building distributed systems and implementing microservices architecture in your organization. Starting with a set of simple cooperating microservices developed using Spring Boot, you’ll learn how you can add functionalities such as persistence, make your microservices reactive, and describe their APIs using Swagger/OpenAPI. As you advance, you’ll understand how to add different services from Spring Cloud to your microservice system. The book also demonstrates how to deploy your microservices using Kubernetes and manage them with Istio for improved security and traffic management. Finally, you’ll explore centralized log management using the EFK stack and monitor microservices using Prometheus and Grafana. By the end of this book, you’ll be able to build microservices that are scalable and robust using Spring Boot and Spring Cloud.What you will learn Build reactive microservices using Spring Boot Develop resilient and scalable microservices using Spring Cloud Use OAuth 2.0/OIDC and Spring Security to protect public APIs Implement Docker to bridge the gap between development, testing, and production Deploy and manage microservices using Kubernetes Apply Istio for improved security, observability, and traffic management Who this book is for This book is for Java and Spring developers and architects who want to learn how to break up their existing monoliths into microservices and deploy them either on-premises or in the cloud using Kubernetes as a container orchestrator and Istio as a service Mesh. No familiarity with microservices architecture is required to get started with this book.
As Moore's Law and Dennard scaling trends have slowed, the challenges of building high-performance computer architectures while maintaining acceptable power efficiency levels have heightened. Over the past ten years, architecture techniques for power efficiency have shifted from primarily focusing on module-level efficiencies, toward more holistic design styles based on parallelism and heterogeneity. This work highlights and synthesizes recent techniques and trends in power-efficient computer architecture. Table of Contents: Introduction / Voltage and Frequency Management / Heterogeneity and Specialization / Communication and Memory Systems / Conclusions / Bibliography / Authors' Biographies
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