As every golfer knows, hazards are the heart and soul of the game. This single-source reference is ideal if you're charged with caring for or overseeing the improvement of a golf course. Authors, and golf course designers, Forrest Richardson and Mark Fine trace the history, planning, psychology, design, construction, and maintenance associated with all forms of hazards, providing a comprehensive catalog of the world's most famous hazards.
After a sordid litany of recalls courtesy of the food industry, consumers are pointing the finger at companies that have failed to institute proper recall prevention techniques. While historical analysis shows no company is exempt from recall risk, most can be prevented with an efficient and verifiable quality control program.Authored by a 20-year
This undergraduate and graduate textbook provides a practical and comprehensive overview of reliability and risk analysis techniques. Written for engineering students and practicing engineers, the book is multi-disciplinary in scope. The new edition has new topics in classical confidence interval estimation; Bayesian uncertainty analysis; models for physics-of-failure approach to life estimation; extended discussions on the generalized renewal process and optimal maintenance; and further modifications, updates, and discussions. The book includes examples to clarify technical subjects and many end of chapter exercises. PowerPoint slides and a Solutions Manual are also available.
Data-Centric Safety presents core concepts and principles of system safety management, and then guides the reader through the application of these techniques and measures to Data-Centric Systems (DCS). The authors have compiled their decades of experience in industry and academia to provide guidance on the management of safety risk. Data Safety has become increasingly important as many solutions depend on data for their correct and safe operation and assurance. The book's content covers the definition and use of data. It recognises that data is frequently used as the basis of operational decisions and that DCS are often used to reduce user oversight. This data is often invisible, hidden. DCS analysis is based on a Data Safety Model (DSM). The DSM provides the basis for a toolkit leading to improvement recommendations. It also discusses operation and oversight of DCS and the organisations that use them. The content covers incident management, providing an outline for incident response. Incident investigation is explored to address evidence collection and management.Current standards do not adequately address how to manage data (and the errors it may contain) and this leads to incidents, possibly loss of life. The DSM toolset is based on Interface Agreements to create soft boundaries to help engineers facilitate proportionate analysis, rationalisation and management of data safety. Data-Centric Safety is ideal for engineers who are working in the field of data safety management.This book will help developers and safety engineers to: - Determine what data can be used in safety systems, and what it can be used for - Verify that the data being used is appropriate and has the right characteristics, illustrated through a set of application areas - Engineer their systems to ensure they are robust to data errors and failures
Traditionally, resources on terrorism and counterterrorism tend to focus on the social, behavioral, and legal aspects of the subject, with minimal emphasis on the scientific and technological aspects. Taking into account these practical considerations, the second edition of Science and Technology of Terrorism and Counterterrorism discusses the nature of terrorism and the materials used by terrorists. It describes how intelligence professionals and law enforcement personnel can detect and destroy these materials, and how they can deal with terrorist groups. This volume begins by introducing the shift in analysis of terrorist attacks after September 11, 2001 and summarizes selected case studies. It discusses the origin and nature of terrorism and the factors involved in diplomacy. Covering a broad range of topics, the book examines: Aerosol dispersion of toxic materials Bioterrorism and the manufacture, detection, and delivery of biological agents Agricultural terrorism Nuclear terrorism and nuclear weapons systems, threats, and safeguards Chemical terrorism, including manufacture, detection, delivery, and decontamination Cyber-terrorism Personal protective equipment The role of government at federal, state, and local levels The role of international agencies and their resources, capabilities, and responsibilities The National Infrastructure Protection Plan As terrorist activities increase globally, it is critical that those charged with protecting the public understand the myriad of ways in which terrorists operate. While we cannot predict where, when, and how terrorists will strike, our vigilance in staying abreast of the terrorist threat is the only way to have a fighting chance against those who seek to destroy our world.
Traffic psychology is a rapidly expanding and broad field within applied psychology with a considerable volume of research activities and a growing network of academic strands of enquiry. The discipline primarily focuses on the behaviour of road users and the psychological processes underlying these behaviours, looking at issues such as cognition, distraction, fatigue, personality and social aspects, often delivering practical applications and educational interventions. Traffic psychology has been the focus of research for almost as long as the motor car has been in existence and was first recognised as a discipline in 1990 when the International Association of Applied Psychology formed Division 13: Traffic and Transportation Psychology. The benefits of understanding traffic psychology are being increasingly recognised by a whole host of organisations keen to improve road safety or minimise health and safety risks when travelling in vehicles. The objective of this volume is to describe and discuss recent advances in the study of traffic psychology, with a major focus on how the field contributes to the understanding of at-risk road-user behaviour. The intended readerships include road-safety researchers from a variety of different academic backgrounds, senior practitioners in the field including regulatory authorities, the private and public sector personnel, and vehicle manufacturers concerned with improving road safety.
Safety and Health Management Planning addresses new regulations and practices to help you achieve safety and health management success. Emphasizing the reduction of costs through cost/benefit analysis, this book covers practical material and real-world examples of common exercises, including safety measurement and benchmarking, economic design analysis, total quality management and planning, budgeting, and using audits and safety committees effectively.
Over the past decade there has been a gradual shift away from simply relying on engineering solutions to individual landslide problems, to the use of a variety of strategies to manage the problems over a broad area. Such alternative strategies include the use of building codes, land use planning controls, preventing water leakage, early warning systems and insurance schemes.This book addresses these developments and provides a multidisciplinary perspective on landslide management.
The statistics profession is at a unique point in history. The need for valid statistical tools is greater than ever; data sets are massive, often measuring hundreds of thousands of measurements for a single subject. The field is ready to move towards clear objective benchmarks under which tools can be evaluated. Targeted learning allows (1) the full generalization and utilization of cross-validation as an estimator selection tool so that the subjective choices made by humans are now made by the machine, and (2) targeting the fitting of the probability distribution of the data toward the target parameter representing the scientific question of interest. This book is aimed at both statisticians and applied researchers interested in causal inference and general effect estimation for observational and experimental data. Part I is an accessible introduction to super learning and the targeted maximum likelihood estimator, including related concepts necessary to understand and apply these methods. Parts II-IX handle complex data structures and topics applied researchers will immediately recognize from their own research, including time-to-event outcomes, direct and indirect effects, positivity violations, case-control studies, censored data, longitudinal data, and genomic studies.
Using the story of the “West and the world” as its backdrop, this book provides for beginning students a clear and concise introduction to Human Geography, including its key concepts, seminal thinkers and their theories, contemporary debates, and celebrated case studies. Introduces and applies the basic concepts of human geography in clear, concise, and engaging prose Explores the significance of the rise, reign, and faltering of the West from around the fifteenth century in the shaping of the key demographic, environmental, social, economic, political, and cultural processes active in the world today Addresses important thinkers, debates, and theories in an accessible manner with a focus on discerning the inherent Western bias in human geographical ideas Incorporates case studies that explore human geographies which are being made in both Western and non Western regions, including Latin America, Africa and Asia. Is written so as to be accessible to students and contains chapter learning objectives, checklists of key ideas, chapter essay questions, zoom in boxes, guidance for further reading and a book glossary. Accompanied by a website at www.wiley.com/go/boyle featuring, for students, tutorial exercises, bonus zoom in boxes, links to further learning resources and biographies of key thinkers, and for instructors, further essay questions, multiple choice exam questions, and ppt lecture slides for each chapter.
Guidelines for Mine Waste Dump and Stockpile Design is a comprehensive, practical guide to the investigation, design, operation and monitoring of mine waste dumps, dragline spoils and major stockpiles associated with large open pit mines. These facilities are some of the largest man-made structures on Earth, and while most have performed very well, there are cases where instabilities have occurred with severe consequences, including loss of life and extensive environmental and economic damage. Developed and written by industry experts with extensive knowledge and experience, this book is an initiative of the Large Open Pit (LOP) Project. It comprises 16 chapters that follow the life cycle of a mine waste dump, dragline spoil or stockpile from site selection to closure and reclamation. It describes the investigation and design process, introduces a comprehensive stability rating and hazard classification system, provides guidance on acceptability criteria, and sets out the key elements of stability and runout analysis. Chapters on site and material characterisation, surface water and groundwater characterisation and management, risk assessment, operations and monitoring, management of ARD, emerging technologies and closure are included. A chapter is also dedicated to the analysis and design of dragline spoils. Guidelines for Mine Waste Dump and Stockpile Design summarises the current state of practice and provides insight and guidance to mine operators, geotechnical engineers, mining engineers, hydrogeologists, geologists and other individuals that are responsible at the mine site level for ensuring the stability and performance of these structures. Readership includes mining engineers, geotechnical engineers, civil engineers, engineering geologists, hydrogeologists, environmental scientists, and other professionals involved in the site selection, investigation, design, permitting, construction, operation, monitoring, closure and reclamation of mine waste dumps and stockpiles.
The management of risk and safety is not simply a matter of trying to remove risks, but is necessary and vital to these industries. Sensible risk management is concerned with making the most of the positive opportunities or reducing the negative risks. This books shows how the absence of explicit risk practices is not necessarily an absence of risk management, and how many existing operational and strategic practices can be understood as part of a process of risk and safety management. Its main objective is to develop greater clarity in the communication of risks and the development of safety programmes, illustrating how organisations can use a single language of risk, relevant for all levels of management and areas of operation.
This much anticipated new edition provides employers and employees with a day-to-day guide to reducing accidents and injuries, ensuring compliance, avoiding fines and penalties, and controlling workers' compensation costs. You'll not only find comprehensive discussions on all of the construction safety regulations found in the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Title 29 Chapter 1926, but you'll also find the actual legal text of the regulations and overviews for each sub Chapter for easier reference. This Construction Safety Handbook covers both the obvious and the hidden dangers of construction and addresses the latest changes in OSHA standards, including new recordkeeping requirements, new ergonomic guidelines, new requirements in the Steel Erection standard, and new additions to signs, signals, and barricades requirements. Written in plain English, this comprehensive handbook provides you with the legal background, practical advice, and ready-to-use written compliance programs you need to ensure your sites meet workplace safety requirements, protect workers, and comply with the standards. Each Chapter provides a description of the requirements of the standard, and a sample written compliance program, checklists, and the appropriate citations from the 29 CFRs. The latest changes in enforcement and inspection policy are also detailed, and a list of OSHA's most frequently cited construction standards is given.
A guide for backpackers, hikers, and other wilderness buffs offers information on equipment and techniques, search and rescue methods, cooking, and safety.
Highly praised for its broad, practical coverage, the second edition of this popular text incorporated the major statistical models and issues relevant to epidemiological studies. Epidemiology: Study Design and Data Analysis, Third Edition continues to focus on the quantitative aspects of epidemiological research. Updated and expanded, this edition shows students how statistical principles and techniques can help solve epidemiological problems. New to the Third Edition New chapter on risk scores and clinical decision rules New chapter on computer-intensive methods, including the bootstrap, permutation tests, and missing value imputation New sections on binomial regression models, competing risk, information criteria, propensity scoring, and splines Many more exercises and examples using both Stata and SAS More than 60 new figures After introducing study design and reviewing all the standard methods, this self-contained book takes students through analytical methods for both general and specific epidemiological study designs, including cohort, case-control, and intervention studies. In addition to classical methods, it now covers modern methods that exploit the enormous power of contemporary computers. The book also addresses the problem of determining the appropriate size for a study, discusses statistical modeling in epidemiology, covers methods for comparing and summarizing the evidence from several studies, and explains how to use statistical models in risk forecasting and assessing new biomarkers. The author illustrates the techniques with numerous real-world examples and interprets results in a practical way. He also includes an extensive list of references for further reading along with exercises to reinforce understanding. Web Resource A wealth of supporting material can be downloaded from the book’s CRC Press web page, including: Real-life data sets used in the text SAS and Stata programs used for examples in the text SAS and Stata programs for special techniques covered Sample size spreadsheet
This reference serves construction businesses and managers who want quick answers to complicated questions. It makes the difficult task of complying with the 29 CFR 1926 regulations easier to manage. From General Safety Provisions to Fall Protection to Toxic and Hazardous Substance, it examines the standards of 29 CFR 1926 one-by-one with non-technical, implementor-friendly explanations of the requirements and how to fulfill them. It provides a breakdown, subpart by subpart, of the training standards for the construction industry. In addition, the book shows how to prevent the four leading causes of fatal accidents, which ten OSHA standards construction sites violate most often, and how non-Spanish-speaking managers can effectively communicate safety requirements with Spanish-speaking employees. It provides answers to a broad range of compliance questions, including who is obligated to observe the law, what the law requires, what OSHA compliance obligations are, and how state OSHA standards compare to federal OSHA standards.
The increased use of non-inferiority analysis has been accompanied by a proliferation of research on the design and analysis of non-inferiority studies. Using examples from real clinical trials, Design and Analysis of Non-Inferiority Trials brings together this body of research and confronts the issues involved in the design of a non-inferiority tr
The fourth edition of this popular handbook provides a thorough and up-to-date overview of the occupational safety and health field and the issues safety professionals face today. An excellent introductory reference for both students and professionals, this comprehensive book provides practical information regarding technology, management, and regulatory compliance issues, covering crucial topics like organizing, staffing, directing, and evaluating the system. This book also covers the required written programs for general industry, identifying when they are needed and which major points must be addressed for each. All major topics are addressed in this comprehensive volume, from safety-related laws and regulations to hazardous materials and workplace violence. Fundamentals of Occupational Safety and Health includes a chapter covering the issues and concerns raised by the threat of terrorism. This Fourth Edition also examines OSHA's recordkeeping standard so readers will know which industries are covered and what they must do to comply. It also covers the required written programs for general industry, identifying when they are needed and which major points must be addressed for each. A handy directory of resources including safety and health associations, First Responder organizations, as well as state and federal agencies, puts a wealth of information at the readers' fingertips.
The fifth edition of this popular handbook provides a thorough and up-to-date overview of the occupational safety and health field and the issues safety professionals face today, and does so in an accessible and engaging manner.
This text is listed on the Course of Reading for SOA Exam P, and for the CAS Exam ST. Probability and Statistics with Applications: A Problem Solving Text is an introductory textbook designed to make the subject accessible to college freshmen and sophomores concurrent with their study of calculus. The book provides the content to serve as the primary text for a standard two-semester advanced undergraduate course in mathematical probability and statistics. It is organized specifically to meet the needs of students who are preparing for the Society of Actuaries and Casualty Actuarial Society qualifying examination P/1 and the statistics component of CAS Exam 3L. Sample actuarial exam problems are integrated throughout the text along with an abundance of illustrative examples and 799 exercises. The chapters on mathematical statistics cover all of the learning objectives for the statistics portion of the Casualty Actuarial Society Exam ST syllabus. Here again, liberal use is made of past exam problems from CAS Exams 3 and 3L. A separate solutions manual for the text exercises is also available.
There is much specialist material written about different elements of managing risks of hazardous industries, such as hazard identification, risk analysis, and risk management. Managing Risk and Reliability of Process Plants provides a systematic and integrated coverage of all these elements in sufficient detail for the reader to be able to pursue more detailed study of particular elements or topics from a good appreciation of the whole field. The reader would use this book to keep up to date with new developments and, if they are new to the job, to learn more about the subject. The text includes a chapter of case studies and worked examples - including examples of risk assessments, which is consistent with the approach taken throughout the book of applying real-life scenarios and approaches.* Provides a source for reasonable understanding across the whole field of risk management and risk assessment. * Focuses on the how, what, and why of risk management using a consistent and well organized writing style interspersed with case studies, examples, exercises, as well as end matter.* Fills a need in the area of risk assessment and risk management in the process and chemical engineering industry as an essential multi-audience reference/resource tool, useful to managers and students.
More than two million child abuse reports are filed annually on behalf of children in the United States. Each of the reported children becomes a concern, at least temporarily, of the professional who files the report, and each family is assessed by additional professionals. A substantial number of children in these families will subsequently enter foster care. Until now, the relationships between the performance of our child welfare system and the growth and outcomes of foster care have not been understood. In an effort to clarify them, Barth and his colleagues have synthesized the results of their longitudinal study in California of the paths taken by children after the initial abuse report: foster care, a return to their homes, or placement for adoption. Because of the outcomes of child welfare services in California have national significance, this is far more than a regional study. It provides a comprehensive picture of children's experiences in the child welfare system and a gauge of the effectiveness of that system. The policy implications of the California study have bearing on major federal and state initiatives to prevent child abuse and reduce unnecessary foster and group home care.
Product safety begins with design or formulation whether it is for a complex engineering product or a simple household article. Those who suffer damage from a design defect can win compensation without having to prove negligence. Manufacturers, suppliers and importers can all be responsible for ensuring that their products are safe. To help protect them against prosecution, customer dissatisfaction and commercial loss requires a programme of risk reduction, which begins with the management of design. Design and product development require a balanced approach to the new realities of the legal situation, both for companies and individual designers. Part One reviews the strategy needed to manage design in the fresh legal climate and includes guidance on techniques that can be used. Part Two is a jargon-free guide through the difficult area of international product liability law. It has been entirely rewritten to reflect the many recent changes to influence European law and a designer's personal liability. Part Three brings home vividly the physical, legal and commercial risks of product defects and demonstrates ways in which they could be prevented. There are over 20 real life, fascinating and instructive case histories, many of them new, ranging from exploding office chairs to ro-ro ferries and from washing powder to aircraft. Safer by Design is exceptional in providing management and risk assessment advice, coupled with legal guidance and actual practical lessons.
An introduction to the theory and practice of optometry in one succinct volume. From the fundamental science of vision to clinical techniques and the management of common ocular conditions, this book encompasses the essence of contemporary optometric practice. Now in full colour and featuring over 400 new illustrations, this popular text which will appeal to both students and practitioners wishing to keep up to date has been revised significantly. The new edition incorporates recent advances in technology and a complete overview of clinical procedures to improve and update everyday patient care. Contributions from well-known international experts deliver a broad perspective and understanding of current optometric practice. A useful aid for students and the newly qualified practitioner, while providing a rapid reference guide for the more experienced clinician. Comprehensive and logical coverage detailing the full spectrum of optometric practice in one volume. Succinctly covers the basics of anatomy, physiology, pharmacology, investigative techniques and clinical management of common eye conditions to provide key topics likely to be met in clinical practice. Discusses the full range of refractive correction, from spectacles and contact lenses to surgical treatment. Includes chapters on the management of special populations, including paediatric, elderly, low vision and special needs patients. Heavily illustrated throughout with key diagrams and images to support the text. Complete restructuring of contents into three sections: basic sciences, clinical techniques and patient management. Full colour throughout with over 400 illustrations. Many new chapters reflecting the changes in optometric practice and technology over the last 20 years, including new imaging and diagnostic procedures and methods of ocular treatment and refractive correction. Now includes internationally renowned authors from around the world. Details a full range of refractive and management approaches for patient care.
This handbook is fully updated to the 2018 Body of Knowledge for the Certified Reliability Engineer (CRE), including the new sections on leadership, performance monitoring, root cause analysis, and quality triangles. Its purpose is to assist individuals preparing for the examination and to provide a reference for the practitioner. Several typical examples are provided throughout based on the collective experience and knowledge of the authors and editor. The chapters and sections are numbered by the same format used in the Body of Knowledge (BoK) for the CRE examination. It also includes a comprehensive glossary of reliability-related terms and appendices with, among other things, various useful distribution tables.
An excellent introductory reference for both students and professionals, this completely updated eighth edition of Fundamentals of Occupational Safety and Health provides practical information on technology, management, and regulatory compliance issues, covering crucial topics like organizing, staffing, directing, and evaluating occupational safety programs and procedures. The book includes a handy directory of resources such as safety and health associations, First Responder organizations, and state and federal agencies. The eighth edition of this go-to reference work is easily comprehensible and is well-organized, giving readers a wealth of occupational safety and health information right at their fingertips.
The definitive guide to the effect of alcohol on people, families, communities, and society, written by two of America's leading experts on alcoholism and its impact. Throughout history, and across cultures, alcohol has affected the fabric of society through abuse and addiction, contributed to violence and accidents, and caused injuries and health issues. In Alcohol: Its History, Pharmacology, and Treatment, part of Hazelden's Library of Addictive Drugs Series, Cheryl Cherpitel, DrPH, and Mark Rose, MA, examine the nature and extent of alcohol use in the United States, current treatment models and demographics, and the biology of alcohol, addiction, and treatment.In separating fact from fiction, Cherpitel and Rose give context for understanding the alcohol problem by tracing its history and different uses over time, then offer an in-depth look atthe latest scientific findings on alcohol's effects on individualsthe myths and realities of alcohol's impact on the mindthe societal impacts of alcohol abuse as a factor in violence and accidentsthe pharmacology of pharmaceutical treatments for alcoholismthe history of treatment and current therapeutic treatment modelsThoroughly researched and highly readable, Alcohol offers a comprehensive understanding of medical, social, and political issues concerning this legal, yet potentially dangerous, drug.
This is the third book of the series that has documented best practice within the building industry, detailing the many processes required to procure buildings. The first book, titled City of Layers: Reconfiguring the Built Environment for Sustainability, outlines how buildings can be procured sustainably. The second book, titled The Project Managers Checklist for Building Projects, Delivery Strategies and Processes, details how design and procurement processes should be planned and managed. This third book focuses on construction, post-design, and procurement. It outlines how the planned and desired outcome in terms of quality can be achieved safely whilst minimising harm to the environment. Each book was formatted for operational use for specific projects, providing a roadmap of information with checklists that also doubles as a valuable and portable paper trail, adding value to the projects quality assurance processes. On completion of project, this book, complete with project notes, can provide a historical record of what was considered and what was done at each phase of the project life. This third book, titled Construction Supervision: QC + HSE Management in Practice, details the in-practice monitoring and controlling aspects of construction works. It outlines what should be considered as the supervision process is planned and what should be actioned as construction works proceeds. In writing this book, the hope is such knowledge will enable practitioners to focus on doing the required things and ensuring the things are done as right so construction liabilities and risks are minimised/mitigated, and thereby, substantial value is added to what is done, benefiting both the project and society at large.
This is truly an outstanding book. [It] brings together all of the latest research in clinical trials methodology and how it can be applied to drug development.... Chang et al provide applications to industry-supported trials. This will allow statisticians in the industry community to take these methods seriously." Jay Herson, Johns Hopkins University The pharmaceutical industry's approach to drug discovery and development has rapidly transformed in the last decade from the more traditional Research and Development (R & D) approach to a more innovative approach in which strategies are employed to compress and optimize the clinical development plan and associated timelines. However, these strategies are generally being considered on an individual trial basis and not as part of a fully integrated overall development program. Such optimization at the trial level is somewhat near-sighted and does not ensure cost, time, or development efficiency of the overall program. This book seeks to address this imbalance by establishing a statistical framework for overall/global clinical development optimization and providing tactics and techniques to support such optimization, including clinical trial simulations. Provides a statistical framework for achieve global optimization in each phase of the drug development process. Describes specific techniques to support optimization including adaptive designs, precision medicine, survival-endpoints, dose finding and multiple testing. Gives practical approaches to handling missing data in clinical trials using SAS. Looks at key controversial issues from both a clinical and statistical perspective. Presents a generous number of case studies from multiple therapeutic areas that help motivate and illustrate the statistical methods introduced in the book. Puts great emphasis on software implementation of the statistical methods with multiple examples of software code (both SAS and R). It is important for statisticians to possess a deep knowledge of the drug development process beyond statistical considerations. For these reasons, this book incorporates both statistical and "clinical/medical" perspectives.
Get plain talk for fighting fire in the NFPA Guide to Portable Fire Extinguishers! Fire extinguishers can stop fire in its tracks, especially if you know the ins and outs of proper fire extinguisher selection, placement, and use. Ideal for building owners, company managers, and safety trainers, this guide helps you choose the right extinguishers for any environment, plus understand exactly how extinguishers work so you can teach anyone how to take expert aim! Comprehensive, loaded with photographs, Quick Tips, FAQs, worksheets, tables, and written in everyday language, the NFPA Guide to Portable Fire Extinguishers lets you put the power to stop fire into the right hands.
The ASQ Certified Pharmaceutical GMP Professional Handbook assists candidates preparing for the Certified Pharmaceutical Good Manufacturing Practices Professional (CPGP) examination and serves as a handy reference guide for practitioners in the field. This handbook covers compliance with good manufacturing practices (GMPs) as regulated and guided by national and international agencies for the pharmaceutical industry.
Once a normal monitor lizard, Gojiro was transformed into a giant lizard by an atomic test after WWII. Meanwhile, in an Okinawa hospital, Komodo--the world famous coma boy--reawakens for the first time since the Hiroshima blast nine years before. Together, the lizard and orphan venture forth to discover their identities in a world in which neither belongs. The story of their journey is geek love on a truly epic scale.
The aim of this book is to provide the scientific background to using the formation of chemical categories, or groups, of molecules to allow for read-across i.e. the prediction of toxicity from chemical structure. It covers the scientific basis for this approach to toxicity prediction including the methods to group compounds (structural analogues and / or similarity, mechanism of action) and the tools to achieve this. The approaches to perform read-across within a chemical category are also described. Chemical Toxicity Prediction provides concise practical guidance for those wishing to apply these methods (in risk / hazard assessment) and will be illustrated with case studies. This is the first book that addresses the concept of category formation and read-across for toxicity prediction specifically. This topic has really taken off in the past few years due to concerns over dealing with the REACH legislation and also due to the availability of the OECD (Q)SAR Toolbox. Much (lengthy and complex) guidance is available on category formation e.g. from the OECD and, to a lesser extent, the European Chemicals Agency but there is no one single source of information that covers all techniques in a concise user-friendly format.
When policymakers have little option but to consider a sizable fiscal adjustment, they are confronted by the following questions: Can a large fiscal adjustment be implemented succesfully? How is a large adjustment best designed and implemented? What will be its impact on the economy? This Occasional Paper addresses these questions by describing the experience of countries that have undertaken large fiscal adjustments in the last three decades. It provides operational guidance to policymakers by identifying preconditions, common policy approaches, and institutional arrangements underlying successful and unsuccessful adjustment episodes.
The "Heinemann Science Scheme" offers an approach to the QCA's Scheme of Work. Teacher's resource packs provide support with lesson planning, with each chapter matching the Scheme of Work, and in-built assessment.
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