Tantrasangraha, composed by the renowned Kerala astronomer Nīlakantha Somayājī (c.1444-1545 AD) ranks along with Āryabhatīya of Āryabhata and Siddhāntaśiromani of Bhāskarācārya as one of the major works which significantly influenced further work on astronomy in India. One of the distinguishing features is the introduction of a major revision of the traditional Indian planetary model. Nīlakantha arrived at a unified theory of planetary latitudes and a better formulation of the equation of centre for the interior planets (Mercury and Venus) than was previously available. In preparing the translation and explanatory notes, K. Ramasubramanian and M. S. Sriram have used authentic Sanskrit editions of Tantrasangraha by Surand Kunjan Pillai and K V Sarma. All verses have been translated into English, which have been supplemented with detailed explanations including all necessary mathematical relations, illustrative examples, figures and tables using modern mathematical notation.
This book is an important text of the Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics, probably composed in the 16th century. In the Indian astronomical tradition, the karaṇa texts are essentially computational manuals, and they often display a high level of ingenuity in coming up with simplified algorithms for computing planetary longitudes and other related quantities. Karaṇapaddhati, however, is not a karaṇa text. Rather, it discusses the paddhati or the rationale for arriving at suitable algorithms that are needed while preparing a karaṇa text for a given epoch. Thus the work is addressed not to the almanac maker but to the manual maker. Karaṇapaddhati presents the theoretical basis for the vākya system, where the true longitudes of the planet are calculated directly by making use of certain auxiliary notions such as the khaṇḍa, maṇḍala and dhruva along with tabulated values of changes in the true longitude over certain regular intervals which are expressed in the form of vākyas or mnemonic phrases. The text also discusses the method of vallyupasaṃhāra, which is essentially a technique of continued fraction expansion for obtaining optimal approximations to the rates of motion of planets and their anomalies, involving ratios of smaller numbers. It also presents a new fast convergent series for π which is not mentioned in the earlier works of the Kerala school. As this is a unique text presenting the rationale behind the vākya system and the computational procedures used in the karaṇa texts, it would serve as a useful companion for all those interested in the history of astronomy. The authors have provided a translation of the text followed by detailed notes which explain all the computational procedures, along with their rationale, by means of diagrams and equations.
Against the backdrop of consistent and continuous failure of the formal rural financial system to fulfill the goals and aspirations of government policy and poor masses, on the one hand, and the resilience of the traditional rural informal credit system, on the other, this study has applied the tools of institutional economics—especially those pertaining to information asymmetry and transaction costs to develop a conceptual framework to capture the broad features of the current rural credit scenario in India. Using a fairly large size data from 700 borrower households and 94 lending organizations across the country and over a period of three years, supplemented by case studies of several new generation credit organizations, it has evolved both demand and supply side perspective and action points to resolve the observed problems of rural credit—especially those pertaining to small farmers and other vulnerable (mostly landless) groups.
Karmayogi is the dramatic and inspiring story of E. Sreedharan, the much-admired engineer and technocrat who won accolades for finishing the Delhi Metro project within budget and on time, in the face of severe constraints. Known for his efficiency and discipline and regarded the world over for his productivity standards, Sreedharan has, surprisingly, never spent more than the eight-hour workday in office. This fascinating book looks back on an extraordinary career full of sterling achievements-Sreedharan's years with the Railways, the building of the Kolkata Metro and the Konkan Railway, followed by the Delhi Metro, and the many metro projects he is involved with now. Translated from a bestselling biography in Malayalam, this is the uplifting story of a very private person who has become an icon of modern India because of his uncompromising work ethic.
Selected Topics in Superconductivity, reflects the high level of activity in the discovery of high-Tc superconductivity. Out of the 19 articles that it has, a fairly good number of them discuss several important and fundamental aspects of the high-Tc superconductivity. Some of the issues related to the phenomenon of superconductivity in general are discussed in a few of the manuscripts. The remaining articles deal with superconductivity in unconventional and highly correlated metals
Love, Affection and Respect is a book that makes you pick up the phone and call your favourite teacher. A simple but beautifully written memoir, the narrative takes you down the memory lane with Neelakantan, a teacher at an Institute in New Delhi. The bonds he built with his students, while he was a teacher remained with him beyond the confines of the Institute. As the students graduated and left the portals of the campus, Neelakantan thought he would be forgotten, only to be proven wrong. His influence resulted in two students naming their son Neil in his honor. His students were always there for him no matter where they landed up: some as high flying professionals in the hotel industry, some as lawyers, journalists, humanitarian workers, and some in the middle of personal tragedies. They always rose to the occasion, and went out of their way to be there for a teacher they loved and respected when he needed their support the most in the midst of a personal tragedy. Replete with nostalgic reminiscence and a writing style and eloquence that takes you back to the nineties. He walks on the path as a real teacher would-mentoring, caring and unconditionally supporting his students. These memoirs are a must-read for any reader, of any age and inclination.
Contents: The Knowledge Economy and its Requirements, Technical Education, Status of Technical Manpower in North-Eastern States, Technical Manpower Employment Potential in India, Technical Manpower and Self-Employment in Jammu and Kashmir, Profile of Technical Manpower in Karnataka State, Technical Manpower and its Utilisation in Jammu and Kashmir, Perspective of Technical Manpower Requirements and Demands, Employment Status of Engineering Students Belonging to Socially Backward Categories, Engineering Manpower Challenges in Light of New Millennium Changes, Planning of Technical Students Migration in Orissa, Technical Manpower Planning in India, Technical Education in Kerala, Technical Manpower in Engineering Institutions in India, Technical Manpower Planning and Development, Technical Manpower, Gibbs Phenomenon, Technology Development and Technical Education in India, Technology Induced Manpower Downsizing VRS-2000: An Experience in Public Sector Banks, An Approach to Assess the Quality of Technical Institutions, Forecast on Needed Growth of Technical Education in India, Window-Model, MET s Thrust of Building IT Manpower, Effective Approach and Models in Manpower Planning for Drawing Manpower Balances During 10th Plan, Impact of Programme on Technical Institutions, The Collaborative Role of Technical Institutions and Manufacturing Sectors in the Challenging Scenario of Technical Manpower Planning, Mechanical Engineering Education and Employment Scenario in M.P., Planning for Higher Technical Education in Changed Scenario, Technical Manpower Planning in India, Effective Implementation of the Scheme of Apprenticeship Training in India Issues, Prospects and Solutions, Withering Polytechnic, Low Enrolment of Women in Engineering and Polytechnic Colleges, Innovative Futuristic Impacts of Technical Education in India, Role of Knowledge Management in Technical Manpower Development, Building Technical Manpower, Technical Manpower.
Multidisciplinary Research / Approach /Subject/Education is a unique part of education. By this education students learn and collect knowledge/ideas from different disciplines. The present Book volume is based on the Multidisciplinary Research and introduces on different important topics by research paper contributors like: The National Education Policy 2020: Transforming Curriculum and Pedagogy, IMPACTS OF GLOBALIZATION FOR WOMEN'S BUSINESS IN COVID 19, ChatGPT: A Look at the Past, Present, and Future of Language Models, THE IMPACT OF AI AND ROBOTICS ON MANUFACTURING: A MULTIDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH APPROACH, Artificial Intelligence based E Learning Trends, A STUDY ON CONCEPTS AND IMPLICATIONS OF DIGITAL INDIA, CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES IN INDIAN AGRICULTURE: AN OVERVIEW, Preparing Pre-Service Teachers for Inclusive Education Shifts Reformsin Teacher Education: A Review Study, Development of thermal Insulated semi ceramic Mats for avoiding thermal destruction on dining Table, “THE RISE AND EVOLUTION OF FINTECH COMPANIES IN INDIA: A COMPREHENSIVE STUDY”, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN RECRUITMENT PROCESS IN THE BANKING SECTOR IN INDIA, INNOVATION IN ACADEMIC LIBRARIES AND LIBRARIANSHIP, A state-of-the-art analysis of Covid-19's effects on slum areas, Cybersecurity Threats and Solutions, TRACING THE OBLIVION HISTORY OF TRIBES: PAUCITY OF TRIBAL LITERATURE, Introduction to the Philosophy of Sant Tukaram Maharaj, The Impact of Gamification on Consumer Brand Engagement, HALAL ORGANIC COSMETICS USING PROPHETIC MEDICINE WITH REFERENCE TO SHASHA NATURALS, AN APPROACH OF RELIABILITY MODELLING OF THE PROBABILITY FOR AN EARTHQUAKE. Thanks to The Hill Publication, all Editors and all Research Paper Contributors of this Book {Innovation of Multidisciplinary Research in Present and Future Time (Volume-3)}.
This paper explores the Indian adjustment program of 1991/92 and its initial results. The contents include long-term growth trends for output, investment, and macroeconomic condition; education, labor employment, and poverty; growth, accumulation, and productivity; results of India-specific studies; the stabilization and adjustment strategy; the response to the reforms; the impact on unemployment and poverty; the behavior of private investment; fiscal adjustment and reform; recent experience with a surge in capital inflows: overall trends, the investor base, comparison with other countries, and factors behind the flows; the impact on the economy; the sustainability of capital flows; and structural reforms and the implications for investment and growth; trade reform; the investment regime; public enterprise reform; and financial market reform.
Dislocations are lines of irregularity in the structure of a solid analogous to the bumps in a badly laid carpet. Like these bumps, they can be easily moved, and they provide the most important mechanism by which the solid can be deformed. They also have a strong influence on crystal growth and on the electronic properties of semiconductors.
Today, many economically important agricultural, horticultural and ornamental crop plants are attacked by various soil borne and foliar diseases, resulting in billions of dollars in crop losses. Currently, the most widely used disease management strategy is the use of chemical fungicides. However, the use of these fungicides has encountered problems, such as development of resistance by pathogen to fungicides and rapid degradation of the chemicals. Other factors leading to increased interest in alternatives include the increasing cost of soil fumigation, lack of suitable replacements for methyl bromide and public concerns over exposure to fungicides. Both the agriculture and agri-food sector are now expected to move toward environmentally sustainable development, while maintaining productivity. These concerns and expectations have led to renewed interest on the use of “biologically based pest management strategies”. The green revolution of agriculture brought an enormous increase in food production. It not only made the world self sufficient in food but also gave the world’s scientists and farmers an immense amount of self-respect. Though the green revolution did increase food production, the productivity levels have remained low and increase was achieved at a cost of intensive use of water, fertilizer and other inputs which have caused problems of soil salinity, ground water pollution, nutrient imbalances, emergence of new pest and diseases and environmental degradation.
Welcome to the second volume of "Medicinal Chemistry Theory," a comprehensive exploration of the principles and practices that underpin the fascinating field of medicinal chemistry. This volume, Medicinal Chemistry Theory-II, builds upon the foundation laid in the first volume and delves deeper into the intricate world of drug discovery and design. When chemistry, biology, and pharmacology come together, you get medicinal chemistry, a vibrant and interdisciplinary field. Its main purpose is to create new medicines that can be used to treat illnesses and boost people's health. In this volume, we continue our investigation of the molecular interactions that determine the pharmacological activity of substances and its application in drug creation. The discovery of potentially life-saving medications has been greatly aided by the insights gained from medicinal chemistry studies. The work of medicinal chemists is essential in the development of new therapeutics, from small molecule inhibitors to biologics and gene therapies. Structure of the Book: Medicinal Chemistry Theory-II comprises several chapters, each dedicated to a specific aspect of the drug discovery process. We begin with a recap of key concepts from the first volume, providing a seamless transition for readers who may be new to this book series. However, each chapter can also be read independently for those seeking indepth knowledge on particular topics. The chapters in this volume cover a wide range of subjects, including: 1. Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics: Understanding how drugs are metabolized and how their concentration in the body changes over time. 2. Structure-Activity Relationship (SAR) Studies: Exploring the relationship between the chemical structure of compounds and their biological activity. 3. Drug Design Strategies: Examining various approaches employed by medicinal chemists to design novel drugs with enhanced potency and selectivity. 4. Enzyme Inhibitors: Investigating the design and mechanisms of enzyme inhibitors as potential therapeutics
This book brings together the experience of central banks and national statistical agencies in countries that focus their monetary policy on inflation targets. Inflation targeting has led to a close interface between these two sets of institutions. When the performance of a central bank is measured in terms of specified price indices, which are usually compiled and disseminated by the national statistical agency, the role of national statistical agencies becomes central to the credibility of monetary policy. Data needs and uses have also shifted, with implications for national and international statistics compilation: market data have gained in importance; less emphasis is placed on traditional monetary aggregates; and greater attention is paid to timeliness, adherence to sound economic accounting standards, and other aspects of data quality.
The developing economies of the Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) have been the recipients of a considerable volume of capital inflows in the 1990s. Given the increased integration of capital markets, it is not surprising that monetary control became more difficult for many developing APEC economies. Formulating an appropriate policy response has naturally been important. The three papers that make up this Occasional Paper each examine different aspects of these issues.
Combinatorial Engineering of Decomposable Systems presents a morphological approach to the combinatorial design/synthesis of decomposable systems. Applications involve the following: design (e.g., information systems; user's interfaces; educational courses); planning (e.g., problem-solving strategies; product life cycles; investment); metaheuristics for combinatorial optimization; information retrieval; etc.
It is also called as nosocomial infection. Hospital acquired infection is the infection which is acquired by the patient during hospital stay. It is more common in Diabetic patients, immunosuppressed patients, patients on steroid therapy and critically ill patients, patients on instrumentation like indwelling catheters, intravenous cannulation, tracheostomy tube. Sources Contaminated infection wound Infections of urinary tract Infections of respiratory tract Opportunistic infections Wounds with severe sepsis The spread can occur from patient to another patient, through Nurses to patient, through Hospital staff to patient .it occurs from health care staff when strict and proper asepsis and aseptic techniques are not followed. Causative Agents The organisms responsible for nosocomial infections are – staphylococcus aureus, Pesudomonas, Klebsiella, E.coli .The most common pathogen involved in hospital acquired infection of respiratory tract are Streptococcus pneumoiae, Haemophillus, Herpes, Varicella, Aspergillus, Pneumocystis carinni. The most common pathogen which is involved in hospital acquired infection of urinary tract which is highly drug resistant is Klebsiella.
There is a relatively high use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), especially dietary supplements, among people with multiple sclerosis (MS). Health professionals with CAM information can improve the quality of patient care by guiding patients away from possibly harmful therapies and, if appropriate, towards low-risk, possibly effective therapies. Dietary Supplements and Multiple Sclerosis is meant to be referred to when people with MS ask a question about a particular dietary supplement. Supplements are arranged in alphabetical order under the most commonly used name. In addition, the index contains a listing of these common names as well as less common names that may be encountered. The main information about the supplements is written in a concise summary form that usually discusses only the MS relevance of the supplement. The supplements selected for inclusion are those with specific MS relevance, such as those that are known to be used by people with MS, have claimed efficacy for slowing disease progression or relieving MS symptoms, interact with drugs commonly used to treat MS, and potentially worsen MS or its symptoms. Also, supplements are reviewed that are popular in the general population or are known to have serious adverse effects.
This first of a kind textbook provides computational tools in Fortran 90 that are fundamental to quantum information, quantum computing, linear algebra and one dimensional spin half condensed matter systems. Over 160 subroutines are included, and the numerical recipes are aided by detailed flowcharts. Suitable for beginner and advanced readers alike, students and researchers will find this textbook to be a helpful guide and a compendium. Key Features: Includes 160 subroutines all of which can be used either as a standalone program or integrated with any other main program without any issues. Every parameter in the input, output and execution has been provided while keeping both beginner and advanced users in mind. The output of every program is explained thoroughly with detailed examples. A detailed dependency chart is provided for every recipe.
Mr.Neeraj Kumar Research Scholar School of Information Technology, University Teaching Department, Rajiv Gandhi Proudyogiki Vishwavidyalaya, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India. Pin Code:462033 Dr.Vijendra Pratap Singh Assistant Professor Department of Computer Science and Applications, Mahatma Gandhi Kashi Vidyapith, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India. Pin Code:221002 Dr. Murali Dhar M S Associate Professor School of Computing, Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology, Vel Nagar, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. Pin Code:600062 Mr.Chandra Sekhar Pedada Assistant Professor Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Chaitanya Bharathi Institute of Technology (A), Gandipet, Hyderabad, Telangana, India. Pin Code:500075
Dislocations are lines of irregularity in the structure of a solid analogous to the bumps in a badly laid carpet. Like these bumps, they can be easily moved, and they provide the most important mechanism by which the solid can be deformed. They also have a strong influence on crystal growth and on the electronic properties of semiconductors.
• Each chapter will provide PowerPoint slides for the faculties to use as a preliminary version for their UG classes. They can edit as needed and use them • Handy supplementary forms have been included for a few chapters, namely Case history, Protective stabilization, which students and practitioners can use to diagnose the problems and manage a child properly. It regularly allows excellent documentation at the department and clinic level to systematically collect data and write research papers • All the related and integrated specialties of Pediatric Dentistry is extensively covered with the experts in the field under "Interdisciplinary Pediatric Dentistry" • The terminologies and sections divisions are updated with the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (AAPD) and the International Association of Paediatric Dentistry (IAPD) guidelines • Clinician's Corner – Handy, clinical tips were provided at the end of each relevant chapter to understand better the topic for the students and the Practicing Dentists and Pediatric dentists • Chapters on exceptional and innovative topics such as Research Methodology for beginners, Dental Photography, Psychological ownership, Ethics, Ergonomics, which are often expected, have been included • Administering LA to children - one of the most challenging things in Pediatric Dentistry is addressed through a dedicated chapter on The "TeDiE Technique • Flowcharts have been included in many chapters to understand the subject or procedures better. • Stepwise clinical images have been provided for specific clinical procedures (viz. ART, Strip crown)
By reviewing the experiences of Latin American countries with the restructuring of their financial sectors since 1982, this paper derives lessons regarding the most effective ways to deal with banking difficulties in developing countries. It then discusses whether these lessons have been put into practice during the latest crisis. A sample of five countries - Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, and Peru - is used for this purpose.
Providing a comprehensive overview of developments to both the academic and industrial communities, Compound Semiconductors 1996 covers all types of compound semiconducting materials and devices. The book includes results on blue and green lasers, heterostructure devices, nanoelectronics, and novel wide band gap semiconductors. With invited review papers and research results in current topics of interest, this volume is part of a well-known series of conferences for the dissemination of research results in the field.
Take the best possible care of adult critical care patients with Critical Care Medicine: Principles of Diagnosis and Management in the Adult! Editors Dr. Joseph Parrillo and Dr. Phillip Dellinger, two of the most respected names in critical care medicine, combine their extensive knowledge with that of hundreds of top authorities in the field to bring you expert, state-of-the-art answers to any clinical question you may face in the intensive care unit. Offer your adult critical care patients the most effective care with practical, evidence-based guidance from many of the most trusted experts in critical care medicine. Learn from the best ICU specialists worldwide with contributions from an increased number of international authorities. Effectively manage common complications in the ICU with updated coverage of severe sepsis, septic shock, surgical infections, neurogenic and anaphylactic shock, severe heart failure, acute coronary syndromes, and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Access the complete contents online at Expert Consult, along with an image bank and instructional videos!
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