Exploring ethical approaches to inclusive development, this book navigates challenges and strategies, empowering readers to foster resilient, equitable communities in the ever evolving 21st century.
Marine organisms have been increasingly regarded as excellent sources of new drugs for human therapeutics due to their remarkable chemistry, which, in turn, is reflected in their wide range of biological applications, including cancer, inflammation, infection, and pain. In the past 20 years, several new drugs have been discovered, some of them with novel pharmacological targets and the first sea-derived approved medicines are now paving their way into the market. In this chapter, we will focus on small-molecule drugs obtained from marine animals (sponges, gorgonians, mollusks, echinoderms) for the treatment of inflammation. The distribution of these compounds by different taxonomical families will be discussed, as well as the state-of-the-art regarding their structure–activity relationship. The most important chemical classes will be presented, such as terpenes, alkaloids, among others. The most important molecular targets, including phospholipase A2 (PLA2), cyclooxygenases (COXs), nitric oxide synthase (NOS), and NF-κB will be discussed.
This book explores how the World Social Forum has developed in response to the current period of profound crisis and transition in the history of Western capitalist modernity. Based on ten years of field work on three continents, this book examines social movements as knowledge producers and its arguments are grounded in sustained empirical attention to what movements are doing and saying on the terrain of the WSF over time and from place to place.
There are several difficulties in developing algal biofuels that can fully replace fossil fuels; the main challenges relate to lower environmental impact (including the possibility of CO2 sequestering and wastewater treatment) and economic feasibility. To date, most studies have focused on selection of species, coupled with optimization of cultivation, biomass harvest and fuel extraction; efforts on enhancing environmental benefits and upgrading spent biomass are thus in order. Industry should indeed adopt an integrated strategy inspired by algal-based biorefineries – toward maximizing the economic return of all products present in algal biomass, by recovering high value compounds prior to biofuel manufacture, and using the remainder for aquaculture/land animal feed and production of other biofuels via supplementary fermentation.
Democratic institutions should promote accountability of government officials to the needs of citizens. Civil society plays a role in exposing corruption as well as in communicating the needs of low-income residents to officials. Neither the institutions of representative democracy nor the presence of civil society, however, appears to automatically guarantee adoption of social benefits for the poor. Can democratic institutions be created to address social challenges? Scholars, development practitioners, donors, and activists propose participatory governance institutions as mechanisms to create accountability and responsiveness through a public forum incorporating civil society. To date, however, little comparative research exists to confirm whether these institutions do influence adoption of social policies. Maureen M. Donaghy remedies this gap by combining data from Brazil’s 5,564 municipalities with extensive fieldwork from five Brazilian cities to test whether participatory municipal housing councils are associated with an increase in adoption of social housing programs to benefit the poor. Housing represents an issue of critical importance in Brazil and other developing countries where large populations reside in informal settlements in unsafe and insecure conditions. Civil Society and Participatory Governance is the first book of its kind to move the conversation beyond budgeting to other social policy areas, providing fresh theoretical and empirical insights to demonstrate that participatory governance institutions are effective mechanisms to coordinate government officials and civil society to alter policy-making.
The impact of Christopher Columbus's first transatlantic voyage launched an unprecedented explosion of European exploration. Throughout the last 500 years, scholars have recognized this transforming event, and they have written extensively on the subject. To date, no American author has dedicated a book to Columbus's life before 1492. This biography does so, with a focus on geographical experiences that affected his formulation of a transatlantic concept. Incorporating extensive research from American and European scholars (historians, geographers, anthropologists, and cartographers), the author proposes that Columbus systematically built a transatlantic voyage proposal from knowledge gained on previous voyages in the Mediterranean Sea and Eastern Atlantic Ocean. The book's extensive use of maps place Columbus's actions on specific land and ocean locations. Persons interested in gleaning more information about Columbus's maritime background will find a plethora of maps to visualize the extent of his early travels.
Minimize the risks and maximize your surgical success with Current Surgical Therapy! Hundreds of preeminent general surgeons present you with today’s best treatment and management advice for a number of diseases and associated surgeries, discussing which approach to take, how to avoid or minimize complications, and what outcomes to expect. Current Surgical Therapy is indispensable for quick, efficient review prior to surgery, as well as when preparing for surgical boards and ABSITEs! Find the answers you need quickly inside the user-friendly book. Obtain dependable advice on patient selection, contraindications, techniques, pitfalls, and more from this best-selling surgical resource, trusted by generations of surgeons for decades as the definitive source on the most current surgical approaches.
Advances in Pediatrics reviews the most current practices in pediatrics. A distinguished editorial board, led by Dr. Carol Berkowitz, identifies key areas of major progress and controversy and invites expert pediatricians to contribute original articles devoted to these topics. These insightful overviews bring concepts to a clinical level and explore their everyday impact on patient care. Topics such as fetal diagnosis and surgical intervention, updates in pharmacology, and fatty liver disease are represented, highlighting the most current and relevant information in the field.
This title is the product of an initiative of the World Small Animal Veterinary Association (WSAVA). The aim is to describe a world standard of guidelines for diagnosis of liver diseases in dogs and cats, using both histological and clinical criteria. - standard reference for pathologists and specialists, as well as general vets in practice - only available standard for making well defined diagnosis based on histological and clinical criteria for liver diseases in small animals - describes world standardization of guidelines for diagnosis of liver diseases in dogs and cats, using both histological and clinical criteria. - supported by WSAVA giving it a worldwide appeal
Media ownership and concentration has major implications for politics, business, culture, regulation, and innovation. It is also a highly contentious subject of public debate in many countries around the world. In Italy, Silvio Berlusconi's companies have dominated Italian politics. Televisa has been accused of taking cash for positive coverage of politicians in Mexico. Even in tiny Iceland, the regulation of media concentration led to that country's first and only public referendum. Who Owns the World's Media? moves beyond the rhetoric of free media and free markets to provide a dispassionate and data-driven analysis of global media ownership trends and their drivers. Based on an extensive data collection effort from scholars around the world, the book covers thirteen media industries, including television, newspapers, book publishing, film, search engines, ISPs, wireless telecommunication and others, across a ten to twenty-five year period in thirty countries. In many countries--like Egypt, China, or Russia--little to no data exists and the publication of these chapters will become authoritative resources on the subject in those regions. After examining each country, Noam and his collaborators offer comparisons and analysis across industries, regions, and development levels. They also calculate overall national concentration trends beyond specific media industries, the market share of individual companies in the overall national media sector, and the size and trends of transnational companies in overall global media. This definitive global study of the extent and impact of media concentration will be an invaluable resource for communications, public policy, law, and business scholars in doing research and also for media, telecom, and IT companies and financial institutions in the private sector.
This is the story of the Spanish-American War, told not from the perspective of generals, policy makers, or politicians, but from that of the soldiers, sailors and marines in the field and the reporters who covered their efforts. Concentration on the daily lives of these people provides insight into the often overlooked facets of a soldier's life, detailing their training and interaction with weaponry, their food, clothing, and medical supplies, and their personal interactions and daily struggles. While the Spanish-American War set the stage for America's emergence as a global power, this is its history on an individual scale, as seen through the eyes of those upon whom the war had the most immediate impact.
Pilgrimages can be analysed as acts of conflict - such as the Crusades - or also as platforms for relationship building and rapprochement between religions. With a set of contributions from leading experts in the field, this book explores the concept of pilgrimage in Christianity, Judaism and Islam. Some specific examples of pilgrimages that helped to strengthen links between different religions or civilisations are explored, ranging from Europe to Asia and from the Middle Ages to the twentieth century. Even though every pilgrimage that is investigated here has helped to link different worlds, the case studies show that this relationship rarely led to a better in inter-understanding. Nowadays, peaceful coexistence seems to be its greatest achievement.
Front-matter : Table of Abbreviations; Introduction; Chapter I : The Geneva Company of Pastors : Internal Developments, 1564-1572; Chapter II : The Geneva Company of Pastors : Its Mission to France, 1563-1572; Chapter III : Arguments over French Reformed Church Organization; A. The Institutional Background; B. The Internal Attack : Jean Morély and his Treatise on Christian Discipline; C. The Internal Quarrel : 1. First Reactions to Morély’s Proposal; 2. Morély in the Ile-de-France; 3. The Official Reply to Morély; 4. Morély at the Court of Navarre; 5. Ramus Enters the Quarrel; 6. The St. Bartholomew’s Massacres End the Quarrel; 7. Epilogue; D. The External Attack : Charles du Moulin; Chapter IV : Geneva and the French Wars of Religion, 1563-1572; A. The Peace of Amboise : 1. Immédiate Protestant Reactions; 2. Continuing Rumors of Sedition; B. {p. 8} The Renewal of War : Geneva and the Conspiracy of Meaux; C. Geneva’s Support For War : 1. Diplomatic Background; 2. The Second War of Religion; 3. The Third War of Religion; D. The Return of Peace; Conclusion; Back-matter : Appendixes; Annotated Bibliography; Index
Interlingua, som offentliggjordes år 1951 som resultatet av ett 25-årigt vetenskapligt lagarbete under ledning av framstående språkmän, kan sägas vara ett moderniserat latin och har efter detta språks tillbakagång alla förutsättningar att spela en viktig roll som framtidens internationella språk. Interlinguas ordförråd är helt internationellt. Språket förstås därför utan svårighet av varje kultiverad person efter en stunds studium av dess grammatik. Interlinguas grammatik är mycket enkel och naturlig. Språket är därför flera gånger lättare att lära än något nationellt språk. Med interlingua kan man utan svårighet göra sig förstådd i alla länder med spanska, italienska eller portugisiska som modersmål. Mer upplysningar samt adresser finns på www.interlingua.nu
Following the Second Punic War in 202 B.C. when the Carthaginians were finally ousted from Iberia, Rome thought that they were now in control of the region. Soon, however, they found themselves pitted against an unexpected foe: the native Iberio-Celts, the Lusitanians. With one occupier gone, the Lusitanians took the opportunity to oppose their replacement, the Romans, in an effort to establish their own nation. Led by the charismatic Viriathus, whose example instilled the same kind of fury and devotion as the future Celtic warrior queen Boudica, the Lusitanians began a bitter war with the Romans in 155 B.C. that would rage on and off for the next twenty-five years. Despite their military advantage, the Romans could not at first defeat the Lusitanians, so they offered a peace treaty. A large number of Lusitanians and their key leaders arrived at the designated meeting point, only to be massacred. Viriathus managed to escape the deadly trap and rallied his people to continue the fight. Knowing that they did not have the numbers of trained soldiers to oppose the Roman Army, Viriathus developed a guerrilla campaign of hit-and-run tactics and attrition. After years of stalemate, the Romans once again sued for peace. Following a short truce, however, the war resumed but the Romans still could not subdue the Lusitanians. Finally, they resorted to paying assassins to do what their army could not: kill Viriathus. With his death, the Lusitanian resistance collapsed and Rome secured Iberia as a province of the empire. Based on classical sources and Portuguese and Spanish language archival material, The Lusitanian War: Viriathus the Iberian Against Rome is the first booklength study of this fascinating leader and the important campaign he waged. His style of warfare had a profound influence on future Roman Army tactics when fighting native troops.
With detailed coverage of surgical procedures, Veterinary Surgery: Small Animal is an authoritative, two-volume reference on the art and science of small animal surgery. Expert contributors discuss surgical principles and procedures for topics ranging from surgical biology and perioperative care, to neurosurgery orthopedic surgery, and soft tissue surgery, always supported by evidence-based research and complete surgical instructions. More procedures are covered with greater detail than in comparable books, and a greater emphasis on pathophysiology shows how it relates to diagnosis, treatment, and overall case management. Experienced Coeditors Karen Tobias and Spencer Johnston provide the definitive reference for veterinary surgery, invaluable preparation for the ACVS and ECVS board examinations. Blend of clinical and basic science information provides the best possible understanding of clinical issues surrounding operative situations. Specific procedures are covered in great detail and are brought to life with full-color drawings and photographs. Highly recognized contributors provide authoritative coverage that is useful for surgical specialists as well as practicing veterinarians who perform surgery or refer cases for surgery. Detailed coverage of small animal surgery provides excellent preparation for the written examination of the American College of Veterinary Surgeons, and the European College of Veterinary Surgeons. Comprehensive coverage includes surgical biology, surgical methods and perioperative care, neurosurgery, and orthopedics in Volume I; soft tissue surgery is covered in Volume II. Coverage of anatomy, physiology, and pathophysiology in chapters on specific organs includes information critical to operative procedures and patient management. In-depth chapters on anesthesia and pain provide indispensable resources for practicing surgeons. Treatment of cancers in small animals is covered in chapters on surgical oncology, tumors of the spine, and musculoskeletal neoplasia. Extensive references to published studies show the factual basis for the material. The companion website includes all of the images in the book for convenient access, plus references linked to original abstracts on PubMed.
The southwestern Amazon basin, centering on the Territory of Rondönia and the State of Acre, is symbolically if not exactly geographically, the Wild Wild West of Brazil's northern rainforest fron tier. In Brazil the name Rondönia evokes exaggerated images of lawlessness, land feuding, and indigent peasants in search of a homestead. Despite the problems and the perception, the region has pushed ahead, in the view of the govern ment, with large-scale deforestation and the establishment of cattle ranches and agricultural farms raising manioc, rice, bananas, and other cash crops. The mining industry has been launched with the exploitation oftin stone, and the recent gold rush has attracted thousands of miners that are sifting alluvial deposits along the rivers for the precious ore. In an energy-short world, the region boasts of its large hydroelectric potential waiting development in the rivers falling off the Brazilian Shield and draining into the Rio Madeira. Planners are optimistic that Rondönia's resources, once developed, will more than justify, at least in this corner of the rainforest frontier, the Economic Conquest ofthe Amazon. Sandwiched between the economic take-off and the dream, however, are the biological resources - the plants and animals - that must serve as sources of energy and food until human dominated ecosystems replace naturaiones. These resources are, ofnecessity, being heavily attacked to support the shaky economy of the region, but they are very poorly understood in terms of potential productivity and proper management.
Throughout the nineteenth century the idyllic island of Fernando de Noronha, which lies two hundred miles off Brazil's northeastern coast, was home to Brazil's largest forced labor penal colony. In Punishment in Paradise Peter M. Beattie uses Noronha as a case study to understand nineteenth-century Brazil's varied social and cultural values, especially in relation to justice, class, color, civil condition, human rights and labor. As Brazil’s slave population declined after 1850, the use of colonial-era disciplinary practices at Noronha—such as flogging and forced labor—stoked anxieties about human rights and Brazil’s international image. Beattie contends that the treatment of slaves, convicts, and other social categories subject to coercive labor extraction were interconnected and that reforms that benefitted one of these categories made them harder to deny to others. In detailing Noronha's history and the end of slavery as part of an international expansion of human rights, Beattie places Brazil firmly in the purview of Atlantic history.
This report was developed under the Korean-funded “Sustainable Fish Value Chains for Small Island Developing States” project. [Author] The project aims to contribute to economic growth, job creation, and food and nutrition security. [Author] This publication summarizes a much more detailed report focusing on the semi-industrial value chains of mackerel scad and tuna-like species in Cabo Verde. [Author] It reveals that the artisanal and semi-industrial fleets represent 97 percent of total catches. [Author] The semi-industrial fleet is concentrated mainly on Santiago, São Vicente, and São Nicolau islands, with the associated value chains generating almost 9110 direct jobs. [Author] Most landings of the target species are processed into canned products, which in turn make up most exports especially to the European Union. [Author] The remainder, notably on other islands, supply the local market. [Author] The business environment is favourable, with ongoing improvements. [Author] The sustainability analysis contained in this publication assesses the economic performance, environmental impact, social aspects, and resilience to climate change. [Author] The report identifies strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats and formulates a 10-year upgrading strategy to achieve environmental sustainability, and socioeconomic development through improved financing and investment opportunities, and enhanced economic performance of micro, small and medium-sized enterprises. [Author]
As Felix Frankfurter and James Landis write in their preface to The Business of the Supreme Court, "To an extraordinary degree legal thinking dominates the United States. Every act of government, every law passed by Congress, every treaty ratified by the Senate, every executive order issued by the President is tested by legal considerations and may be subjected to the hazards of litigation. Other Nations, too, have a written Constitution. But no other country in the world leaves to the judiciary the powers which it exercises over us." This classic volume, first published in 1928, originated in a series of articles written by Frankfurter, then a professor of law at Harvard University, and his student, Landis, for the Harvard Law Review. These articles chronicled and analyzed the many judiciary acts that were passed between 1789 and 1925, and illuminated the intimate connection between form and substance in the life of American law. For instance: When a community first decided to enact zoning laws--the Supreme Court had to approve. When the United States made a treaty with Germany following World War I--the Supreme Court had to define the limits and meaning of the treaty. Newly reissued with an introduction by constitutional expert Richard G. Stevens, The Business of the Supreme Court is still as fresh and relevant today as it was when first published. It is a work that will aid the student of the law to both love the law and remain true to its purposes.
This work describes the key results of the European research project called PROVERBS to develop and implement probability-based methods for the design of monolithic coastal structures and breakwaters subject to sea wave attacks. The issues treated include the hydrodynamic, geotechnical and structural processes involved in the wave-structure-foundation interactions and in the associated failure mechanisms.
In recent years, semigroups and languages have seen huge developments and found their motivation in other fields of mathematics as well as in computer science. This book is a collection of original contributions in those fields. The proceedings have been selected for coverage in: . OCo Index to Scientific & Technical Proceedings- (ISTP- / ISI Proceedings). OCo Index to Scientific & Technical Proceedings (ISTP CDROM version / ISI Proceedings). OCo CC Proceedings OCo Engineering & Physical Sciences.
“The first time I witnessed a Spiritist surgery, a young man named Jose Carlos Ribeiro inserted a used scalpel taken from a tray that I was holding, and plunged it into the eye of an elderly man. The patient did not move....” Decades of fieldwork later, Sidney Greenfield presents a riveting ethnography of the complex world of religious healing in Brazil that challenges readers to grapple with the most fundamental concepts of anthropology and cross-cultural experience. In a major contribution to cultural biology, he analyses the complex social, economic, and political landscape of Brazil to understand dramatic healing practices that seem to defy medical explanation. This engrossing and provocative book will put students and scholars alike on the edge of their seats.
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