An account of how, in certain parts of sixteenth-century England, challenges to conventional piety anticipated the Reformation. Here is a richly detailed account of the relationship between Lollard heresy and orthodox religion before the English Reformation. Robert Lutton examines the pious practices and dispositions of families and individuals in relationto the orthodox institutions of parish, chapel and guild, and the beliefs and activities of Wycliffite heretics. He takes issue with portrayals of orthodox religion as buoyant and harmonious, and demonstrates that late medieval piety was increasingly diverse and the parish community far from stable or unified. By investigating the generation of family wealth and changing attitudes to its disposal through inheritance and pious giving in the important Lollard centre of Tenterden in Kent, he suggests that rapid economic development and social change created the conditions for a significant cultural shift. This study contends that in certain parts of England by the early sixteenth century piety was subject to dramatic changes which, in a number of important ways, anticipated the Reformation. Dr ROBERT LUTTON teaches in the Department of History at the University of Nottingham.
Researchers and practitioners in food science and technology routinely face several challenges, related to sparseness and heterogeneity of data, as well as to the uncertainty in the measurements and the introduction of expert knowledge in the models. Evolutionary algorithms (EAs), stochastic optimization techniques loosely inspired by natural selection, can be effectively used to tackle these issues. In this book, we present a selection of case studies where EAs are adopted in real-world food applications, ranging from model learning to sensitivity analysis.
It organizes the NAEYC position statements that describe what every early childhood professional should know and be able to do and presents them alongside NAEYC documents that support states as they build professional development systems."--Back cover.
The Cold War is over and CIA officer Cody Ballantine, exiled to the newly opened consulate in the Russian Far East, receives an unexpected visitor. In a conference room overlooking Golden Horn Bay, Andrei Danilov, a distinguished looking older gentleman, claims to be Captain Andrew Thompson, an American aviator, perhaps the lone survivor of a reconnaissance aircraft shot down by Soviet MiGs in 1954. A cautiously skeptical Ballantine sends Danilov's photograph, Air Force serial number, and fingerprints to CIA headquarters. But no official records--other than the shoot down near Cape Gamov--exist to verify Danilov's claim. With little documentation, Ballantine must resolve troublesome questions: How could an American MIA survive and prosper in Siberia for 38 years? On the other hand, might Danilov be an ex-MVD officer, perhaps one who interrogated the real Captain Thompson? Is this a scheme by a crafty opportunist to ressurect a man long presumed dead and thus lay claim to back pay, military retirement and U.S. citizenship?
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