Many "nudges" aim to make life simpler, safer, or easier for people to navigate, but what do members of the public really think about these policies? Drawing on surveys from numerous nations around the world, Sunstein and Reisch explore whether citizens approve of nudge policies. Their most important finding is simple and striking. In diverse countries, both democratic and nondemocratic, strong majorities approve of nudges designed to promote health, safety, and environmental protection—and their approval cuts across political divisions. In recent years, many governments have implemented behaviorally informed policies, focusing on nudges—understood as interventions that preserve freedom of choice, but that also steer people in certain directions. In some circles, nudges have become controversial, with questions raised about whether they amount to forms of manipulation. This fascinating book carefully considers these criticisms and answers important questions. What do citizens actually think about behaviorally informed policies? Do citizens have identifiable principles in mind when they approve or disapprove of the policies? Do citizens of different nations agree with each other? From the answers to these questions, the authors identify six principles of legitimacy—a "bill of rights" for nudging that build on strong public support for nudging policies around the world, while also recognizing what citizens disapprove of. Their bill of rights is designed to capture citizens’ central concerns, reflecting widespread commitments to freedom and welfare that transcend national boundaries.
This book explores time use, time policy, well-being and sustainable development using concepts and findings from time policy research, socio-ecological sustainability research, behavioral economics, consumer research, and research into prosperity and "the good life". Because any change in time structures, whether opening or working hours, school or travel times, has large scale impacts on other times that should ideally be recognized, the political and social restructure and negotiations for more effective time policy must include cross-cutting issues in the relevant sector policies – family, health, consumer, diet, environment, education, technology, transport, urban and labor market policy – and develop time policy strategies and instruments specific to each sector. This book is an interdisciplinary look into how society and government structure time policy, the procedural component of and possibility of a transformation or improvement in time-use, i.e. the "how" of change, what are transformation processes, how can they be explained, and how can change processes be ideally shaped? This book outlines the possibility of a transformation to sustainability in time policy. It will be of interest to researchers in economics, social and political science, social policy, government, quality of life studies, and education.
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