A forgotten century marks the years between the Ming dynasty's (1368–1644) turbulent founding and its sixteenth-century age of exploration and economic transformation. In this period of social stability, retired scholar-official Lu Rong chronicled his observations of Chinese society in Miscellaneous Records from the Bean Garden (Shuyuan zaji). Openly expressing his admirations and frustrations, Lu provides a window into the quotidian that sets Bean Garden apart from other works of the biji genre of "informal notes." Mark Halperin organizes a translated selection of Lu's accounts from Miscellaneous Records from the Bean Garden to create a panorama of Ming life. A man of unusual curiosity, Lu describes multiple social classes, ethnicities, and locales in his accounts of political intrigues, farming techniques, religious practices, etiquette, crime, and family life. Centuries after their composition, Lu's words continue to provide a richly textured portrait of China on the cusp of the early modern era.
Lu Ming brillantissime jeune auteur pékinois nous parle du mal être des jeunes Chinois nés dans les années de la libéralisation. Plongés dans un monde sans repères ces jeunes goûtent à la nouvelle liberté toujours très encadrée dans une Chine livrée à la folie du business. Ce récit témoignage d’une génération déboussolée est mené tambour battant par un fabuleux dessinateur.
Focusing on two late-Ming or early-Qing plays central to the Chinese canon (Peony Pavilion and Peach Blossom Fan), this study explores crucial questions concerning personal identity.
A selection of life drawings from contemporary artist, Liang Guo, showcases his masterful artistic expressions that captured his passion and unique insight to features, characters and emotions of our time.
This book is an empirical study on the relationship between private enterprises, entrepreneurs and the government in P. R. China. The two authors conducted a detailed survey of enterprises and entrepreneurs in Liuzhou, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China. Although it was only conducted in a medium sized city, the survey provides a rare source of information on matched entrepreneur-enterprise pairs. It provides detailed information on management, performance, enterprise-government relationship, as well as entrepreneurs' personal information and measurements of various psychological parameters. With this first-hand information, the authors analyzed several interesting issues concerning enterprise-entrepreneur-government relationships. Readers will gain an understanding of the following topics: Why and how does China have such special enterprise-entrepreneur-government relationships? Do enterprises' political connections in the form of entrepreneurs' political status help improve the performances of these enterprises? Which of the surveyed entrepreneurs could become members of the People's Congress and the People's Political Consulting Conference? How do entrepreneurs feel when they are faced with greater government intervention? How will China move ahead in the ongoing reform and development in the light of the enterprise-entrepreneur-government relationship? This book examines the way in which China's enterprise-entrepreneur-government relationship helps enterprises develop in a transitional market. In the appendix to this book, one of the authors, Ming Lu, provides evidence, based on data from listed companies, that having political connections can help enterprises enter the markets of provinces other than their place of registration. However, this political connection also distorts the market by giving the entrepreneurs more opportunities to develop their business. At the same time, those entrepren eurs who face interventions from the government also shoulder greater costs in the form of loss of psychological happiness. The inference of this book is that at some point in the foreseeable future, China will gradually build its market system and integrate its domestic markets, so that private enterprises will no longer rely so heavily on their political connections.
A Brief History of Chinese Fiction grew out of the lecture notes Lu Hsun used when teaching a course on Chinese fiction at Peking University between 1920 and 1924. In December 1923 a first volume was printed and in June 1924 a second volume. In September 1925 these were reprinted as one book. In 1930 the author made certain changes, but all subsequent editions have remained the same.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a chronic progressive disease characterised by hyperglycaemia. It affects many people around the world and creates burden for the individual as well as the economy. Chinese medicine can be used to support the management of Type 2 diabetes mellitus symptoms. Chapter 1 of the book summarises the conventional understanding of Type 2 diabetes mellitus, including aetiology, diagnosis and current available treatments.This book uses the 'whole evidence' approach to give an overview of the available evidence for Chinese medicine treatment for Type 2 diabetes mellitus, from classical literature to clinical evidence. Evidence from clinical studies are evaluated using high-quality and rigorous scientific methodology. Clinical trial literature of Chinese medicine treatments for Type 2 diabetes mellitus are described, with treatment modalities including Chinese herbal medicine, acupuncture and other Chinese medicine therapies. The findings are analysed and potential implications for clinical practice and research are explored. Experimental studies that describe the potential mechanisms of action of key herbs are summarised. Current evidence of Chinese medicine for Type 2 diabetes mellitus is synthesised in the final chapter, and suggestions for contemporary clinical practice and future research are also offered.Targeted at clinicians and students of Chinese and integrative medicine, this book is a convenient reference that provides comprehensive synthesis of both classical and contemporary knowledge, which can support and be incorporated into their clinical practice.
Written by distinguished Chinese academics, this book provides a unique and rare insight into the development of the modern Chinese economy. The authors identify three major factors in the growth of the Chinese economy: economic decentralization and political centralization; the urbanÐrural divide; and relational society. These are explored in depth via analyses of factors including urban and rural economic development and their political and social foundations, industrial agglomeration, transitions of public services and governmental responsibilities towards them and developmental imbalances and mechanisms. It is illustrated that whilst contemporary China has obviously made great economic strides, a wide variety of problems are accumulating over time. The book concludes that following three decades of high economic growth, China now faces great challenges for sustainable growth, and the institutions of ChinaÕs economy have reached a critical point. Strategies for dealing with these challenges and requirements for the successful future development of China are thus prescribed. This fascinating book will provide a stimulating read for scholars, students and researchers in the fields of Asian studies, economics and development.
This unique book covers the fundamental principle of electron diffraction, basic instrumentation of RHEED, definitions of textures in thin films and nanostructures, mechanisms and control of texture formation, and examples of RHEED transmission mode measurements of texture and texture evolution of thin films and nanostructures. Also presented is a new application of RHEED in the transmission mode called RHEED pole figure technique that can be used to monitor the texture evolution in thin film growth and nanostructures and is not limited to single crystal epitaxial film growth. Details of the construction of RHEED pole figures and the interpretation of observed pole figures are presented. Materials covered include metals, semiconductors, and thin insulators. This book also: Presents a new application of RHEED in the transmission mode Introduces a variety of textures from metals, semiconductors, compound semiconductors, and their characteristics in RHEED pole figures Provides examples of RHEED measurements of texture and texture evolution, construction of RHEED pole figures, and interpretation of observed pole figures RHEED Transmission Mode and Pole Figures: Thin Film and Nanostructure Texture Analysis is ideal for researchers in materials science and engineering and nanotechnology.
Diffusion Barrier Stack - 5 nm -3 nm -2 nm :. . . -. . . . : . . O. 21-lm Figure 2: Schematic representing a cross-sectional view of the topography that is encountered in the processing of integrated circuits. (Not to scale) these sub-micron sized features is depicted in Fig. 2. The role of the diffusion barrier is to prevent the diffusion of metallic ions into the interlayer dielectric (lLD). Depending on the technology, in particular the choice of the ILD and the metal interconnect, the diffusion barrier may be Ti, Ta, TiN, TaN, or a multi-layered structure of these materials. The adhesion of the barrier to the dielectric, the conformality of the barrier to the feature, the physical structure of the film, and the chemical composition of the film are key issues that are determined in part by the nature of the deposition process. Likewise, after the growth of the barrier, a conducting layer (the seed layer) is needed for subsequent filling of the trench by electrochemical deposition. Again, the growth process must be able to deposit a film that is continuous along the topography of the sub-micron sized features. Other factors of concern are the purity and the texture of the seed layer, as both of these factors influence the final resistivity of the metallic interconnect. Sputter-deposited coatings are also commonly employed for their electro-optical properties. For example, an electrochromic glazing is used to control the flux of light that is transmitted through a glazed material.
The focus of this book is on modeling and simulations used in research on the morphological evolution during film growth. The authors emphasize the detailed mathematical formulation of the problem. The book will enable readers themselves to set up a computational program to investigate specific topics of interest in thin film deposition. It will benefit those working in any discipline that requires an understanding of thin film growth processes.
Lossless Information Hiding in Images introduces many state-of-the-art lossless hiding schemes, most of which come from the authors' publications in the past five years. After reading this book, readers will be able to immediately grasp the status, the typical algorithms, and the trend of the field of lossless information hiding. Lossless information hiding is a technique that enables images to be authenticated and then restored to their original forms by removing the watermark and replacing overridden images. This book focuses on the lossless information hiding in our most popular media, images, classifying them in three categories, i.e., spatial domain based, transform domain based, and compressed domain based. Furthermore, the compressed domain based methods are classified into VQ based, BTC based, and JPEG/JPEG2000 based. Focuses specifically on lossless information hiding for images Covers the most common visual medium, images, and the most common compression schemes, JPEG and JPEG 2000 Includes recent state-of-the-art techniques in the field of lossless image watermarking Presents many lossless hiding schemes, most of which come from the authors' publications in the past five years
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