This comprehensive compendium highlights the practical side in the design of the coastal rubble mound structures. All basic rubble mound structural elements with various special features or arrangements are discussed and presented with guidelines to the best practices.A unique feature of this book offers insight into practical constraints and problems. A variety of practical designs and construction examples are elucidated to most common issues faced in the design with extensive discussions on what influences the selection of the proper solution. It is an essential aid to take the design a step further, from basic to a professional level.This useful reference benefits coastal engineers in general, design consultants, construction engineers or anyone carrying out supervision and inspection work.Related Link(s)
This book examines in detail the concept of "abrogation" in the Qur’an, which has played a major role in the development of Islamic law and has implications for understanding the history and integrity of the Qur’anic text. The term has gained popularity in recent years, as Muslim groups and individuals claim that many passages about tolerance in the Qur’an have been abrogated by others that call on Muslims to fight their enemies. Author Louay Fatoohi argues that this could not have been derived from the Qur’an, and that its implications contradict Qur’anic principles. He also reveals conceptual flaws in the principle of abrogation as well as serious problems with the way it was applied by different scholars. Abrogation in the Qur’an and Islamic Law traces the development of the concept from its most basic form to the complex and multi-faceted doctrine it has become. The book shows what specific problems the three modes of abrogation were introduced to solve, and how this concept has shaped Islamic law. The book also critiques the role of abrogation in rationalizing the view that not all of the Qur’anic revelation has survived in the "mushaf", or the written record of the Qur’an. This role makes understanding abrogation an essential prerequisite for studying the history of the Qur’anic text.
The book examines the growing tension between social movements that embrace egalitarian and inclusivist views of national and global politics, most notably classical liberalism, and those that advance social hierarchy and national exclusivism, such as neoliberalism, neoconservatism, and national populism. In exploring issues relating to tensions and conflicts around globalization, the book identifies historical patterns of convergence and divergence rooted in the monotheistic traditions, beginning with the ancient Israelites that dominated the Near East during the Axial age, through Islamic civilization, and finally by considering the idealism-realism tensions in modern times. One thing remained constant throughout the various historical stages that preceded our current moment of global convergence: a recurring tension between transcendental idealism and various forms of realism. Transcendental idealism, which prioritize egalitarian and universal values, pushed periodically against the forces of realism that privilege established law and power structure. Equipped with the idealism-realism framework, the book examines the consequences of European realism that justified the imperialistic venture into Africa, the Middle East, and Latin America in the name of liberation and liberalization. The ill-conceived strategy has, ironically, engendered the very dysfunctional societies that produce the waves of immigrants in constant motion from the South to the North, simultaneously as it fostered the social hierarchy that transfer external tensions into identity politics within the countries of the North. The book focuses particularly on the role played historically by Islamic rationalism in translating the monotheistic egalitarian outlook into the institutions of religious pluralism, legislative and legal autonomy, and scientific enterprise at the foundation of modern society. It concludes by shedding light on the significance of the Muslim presence in Western cultures as humanity draws slowly but consistently towards what we may come to recognize as the Global Age. The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/e/9781003203360, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.
Thts study has two primary pufposes. The first is to critically examine those regearch methods, and methodological approaches, which are assqciated wlth mainstream scholarship, both in the classical Muslim and modern Western scientific üaditions. The examination aims not only at understandlng methods which influenced tþe development of Muslim and Western Fa-
Describes the education and labor market initiatives implemented or under way in four countries in the Arab region--Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, and the United Arab Emirates--to address the human resource issues they each face as they prepare their countries for a place in the 21st century global economy. Together, these countries highlight the variety of challenges faced by countries in the region and responses to those challenges.
This reports document research that was performed to (1) determine causes of variability and tolerances for volumetric and mechanical properties of dense-graded asphalt mixtures measured within and among the three specimen types; and (2) propose a practice for state departments of transportation to incorporate these results in specifications and criteria for quality assurance, mix design verification or validation, and structural design and forensic studies. The research was conducted in two phases. In Phase I, datasets of laboratory and field test data were collected and pooled in a meta-analysis in an attempt to determine levels of variability in asphalt mixtures and the factors causing variability among and between the three specimen types. Despite the inclusion of 25 extensive datasets representing roughly 8,000 individual mixtures in the meta-analysis, the results of the analysis were inconclusive. Phase II was then undertaken--a program testing specimens from paving projects across the United States to quantify the effects of process-based factors on the variability of volumetric and mechanical properties of the specimen types. The key outcome of the research is a proposed practice for evaluating the cause and magnitude of variability within and among the three specimen types. In addition, tolerances of volumetric and conversion factors between the three specimen types of mechanical properties evaluated are proposed based on the average difference between specimen comparisons for the mixtures evaluated in Phase II. Agencies may use these proposed values to evaluate and adjust their current tolerances.
TRB’s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report 712: Optimization of Tack Coat for HMA Placement presents proposed test methods for measuring the quality and performance characteristics of tack coat in the laboratory and the field, and includes a training manual presenting proposed construction and testing procedures for tack coat materials.
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