Bone disorders have a major impact on general population and cover a broad spectrum of diseases. At one end of the spectrum are the common disorders that are featured with age related progressive degeneration, and at the other end are the rare but serious congenital abnormities. Deeper understanding of the underlying mechanisms is a key to ensure the timely diagnosis, cost-effective prevention and treatment of these disorders. Animal models that could mimic the human pathologic conditions are tremendous helpers to achieve these goals, since clinical relevant animal models are essential to investigate disease states, test hypothesis, and screen drugs. This chapter tries to provide an overall view of the numerous animal models of important bone diseases, including osteoarthritis, osteoporosis and osteogenesis imperfecta, because these disorders are clinically important and also reflect the salient features of both extremes of bone disorders.
Containing many results that are new or exist only in recent research articles, Interest Rate Modeling: Theory and Practice portrays the theory of interest rate modeling as a three-dimensional object of finance, mathematics, and computation. It introduces all models with financial-economical justifications, develops options along the martingale app
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