Recent decades have seen China�s domestic consumption in sectors such as food, housing, health care, education and travel greatly increase. This important book assesses China�s current food consumption trends and the outlook for its future needs of suc
Exotic methods refer to specific functions within general soft computing methods such as genetic algorithms, neural networks and rough sets theory. They are applied to ordinary shares for a variety of financial purposes, such as portfolio selection and optimization, classification of market states, forecasting of market states and data mining. This is in contrast to the wide spectrum of work done on exotic financial instruments, wherein advanced mathematics is used to construct financial instruments for hedging risks and for investment.In this book, particular aspects of the general method are used to create interesting applications. For instance, genetic niching produces a family of portfolios for the trader to choose from. Support vector machines, a special form of neural networks, forecast the financial markets; such a forecast is on market states, of which there are three — uptrending, mean reverting and downtrending. A self-organizing map displays in a vivid manner the states of the market. Rough sets with a new discretization method extract information from stock prices.
Through the use of archaeology, anthropology, sociology, and iconography, this book utilizes a multidisciplinary approach to research Chinese sports. A unique aspect of this book is that it documents the history and culture of Chinese sports through relics of mythology, rock paintings, painted pottery, oracle bones, bronzes, tomb bricks, paintings, porcelain, copper mirrors, and ancient books and literature. Through illustrations and text, the book traces the origin, development, evolution, and dissemination of ancient Chinese sports through various historical periods.
Testing the immunogenicity, protective efficacy and safety in animal models is a crucial step in vaccine development. Pigs raised in germ-free environments, called gnotobiotic (Gn) pigs, are one of the most useful animal models for testing vaccines. The Gn pig model is a widely accepted model for studying pathogenesis and immunity and an ideal model for pre-clinical testing for the safety and efficacy of enteric viral vaccines. Through these studies and others, the Gn pig model has been established as the most reliable animal model for pre-clinical evaluation of human rotavirus and norovirus vaccines. This book provides detailed information on establishing Gn pig models, determining a proper virus inoculum pool and challenge dose, measuring protection and calculating efficacy, and delineating intestinal and systemic immune responses associated with the protection. Key Features Provides a natural history of human rotavirus and norovirus infection in Gn pigs Establishes the optimal virus challenge doses in Gn pigs for vaccine evaluation Evaluates various candidate rotavirus and norovirus vaccines Discusses human gut microbiota transplanted Gn pig models Documents the role of probiotics and rice bran as prophylactics and vaccine adjuvants
This book systematically and integrally introduces the new security management theories and methods in the e-commerce environment. Based on the perspective of dynamic governance of the whole process, starting from the theoretical framework, this book analyzes the gap between the current situation and requirements of security management, defines its nature, function, object and system, and designs and constructs the whole process security management organization and operation system of e-commerce. It focuses on the core and most prominent risk control links (i.e. security impact factors) in e-commerce security, including e-commerce information and network security risk, e-commerce transaction risk, e-commerce credit risk, e-commerce personnel risk, etc. Then, the tools and methods for identifying and controlling various risks are described in detail, at the same time, management decision-making and coordination are integrated into the risk management. Finally, a closed loop of self-optimization is established by a continuous optimization evolution path of e-commerce security management.
Civil engineering structures such as buildings, bridges, stadiums, and offshore structures play an import role in our daily life. However, constructing these structures requires lots of budget. Thus, how to cost-efficiently design structures satisfying all required design constraints is an important factor to structural engineers. Traditionally, mathematical gradient-based optimal techniques have been applied to the design of optimal structures. While, many practical engineering optimal problems are very complex and hard to solve by traditional method. In the past few decades, swarm intelligence algorithms, which were inspired by the social behaviour of natural animals such as fish schooling and bird flocking, were developed because they do not require conventional mathematical assumptions and thus possess better global search abilities than the traditional optimization algorithms and have attracted more and more attention. These intelligent based algorithms are very suitable for continuous and discrete design variable problems such as ready-made structural members and have been vigorously applied to various structural design problems and obtained good results. This book gathers the authors’ latest research work related with particle swarm optimizer algorithm and group search optimizer algorithm as well as their application to structural optimal design. The readers can understand the full spectrum of the algorithms and apply the algorithms to their own research problems.
This book collects and studies the colourful sports and history of countries along the historical Silk Road from Chang'an to Athens, including a wide range of sports ranging from polo and chess to archery and lion dance. It will examine, research and analyse a large number of sports cultural relics and documentary materials unearthed by archaeology in recent years, and comprehensively collects and classifies these sports materials which belong to different countries along the Silk Road. In doing so, it aims to promote the sports forms of these countries and set the context of sports development, so as to raise awareness about the exchange and dissemination of sports culture between ancient China and Western countries.
The book investigates the impact of the market-oriented economic reform in China on a unique aspect of the labor market outcomes — individuals' access to different employment sectors, that is, the state and collective sector, the private sector, and the sector of family contract farming in the 1990s. Using the longitudinal data of China Health and Nutrition Survey, the author finds that the access to different employment sectors is not equally distributed among Chinese workers during the market transition. And the hierarchy of employment sectors is reproduced through the procedure that assorts individual workers to different employment sectors. In addition to achieved characteristics such as human capital, ascribed characteristics such as family background and gender are important factors in understanding the procedure of social stratification in the reform era. The book will be of value to social scientists interested in the market transition of socialist societies in general and the social transformation of contemporary China in particular.
Comprehensive resource detailing the latest advances in microwave and wireless sensors implemented in planar technology Planar Microwave Sensors is an authoritative resource on the subject, discussing the main relevant sensing strategies, working principles, and applications on the basis of the authors’ own experience and background, while also highlighting the most relevant contributions to the topic reported by international research groups. The authors provide an overview of planar microwave sensors grouped by chapters according to their working principle. In each chapter, the working principle is explained in detail and the specific sensor design strategies are discussed, including validation examples at both simulation and experimental level. The most suited applications in each case are also reported. The necessary theory and analysis for sensor design are further provided, with special emphasis on performance improvement (i.e., sensitivity and resolution optimization, dynamic range, etc.). Lastly, the work covers a number of applications, from material characterization to biosensing, including motion control sensors, microfluidic sensors, industrial sensors, and more. Sample topics covered in the work include: Non-resonant and resonant sensors, reflective-mode and transmission-mode sensors, single-ended and differential sensors, and contact and contactless sensors Design guidelines for sensor performance optimization and analytical methods to retrieve the variables of interest from the measured sensor responses Radiofrequency identification (RFID) sensor types, prospective applications, and materials/technologies towards “green sensors” implementation Comparisons between different technologies for sensing and the advantages and limitations of microwave sensors, particularly planar sensors Engineers and qualified professionals involved in sensor technologies, along with undergraduate and graduate students in related programs of study, can harness the valuable information inside Planar Microwave Sensors to gain complete foundational knowledge on the subject and stay up to date on the latest research and developments in the field.
Recent decades have seen China�s domestic consumption in sectors such as food, housing, health care, education and travel greatly increase. This important book assesses China�s current food consumption trends and the outlook for its future needs of suc
Exotic methods refer to specific functions within general soft computing methods such as genetic algorithms, neural networks and rough sets theory. They are applied to ordinary shares for a variety of financial purposes, such as portfolio selection and optimization, classification of market states, forecasting of market states and data mining. This is in contrast to the wide spectrum of work done on exotic financial instruments, wherein advanced mathematics is used to construct financial instruments for hedging risks and for investment.In this book, particular aspects of the general method are used to create interesting applications. For instance, genetic niching produces a family of portfolios for the trader to choose from. Support vector machines, a special form of neural networks, forecast the financial markets; such a forecast is on market states, of which there are three OCo uptrending, mean reverting and downtrending. A self-organizing map displays in a vivid manner the states of the market. Rough sets with a new discretization method extract information from stock prices.
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