This book, first published in 1941, is a comprehensive study on the native banks that linked small Chinese traders and the larger Chinese and foreign banks. It is based on extensive research in Tientsin and Peking, and a large number of interviews with native bankers, and the result is an exhaustive study on the practice.
Li Hsiu-ch'eng - the Loyal Prince - was the most important military leader on the rebel side during the last years of the Taiping Rebellion in China (1851-64). The Taiping Rebellion has been called the greatest popular revolt in modern history, and it came remarkably close to toppling the Ch'ing empire some fifty years before it was finally overthrown in 1911. Captured in June 1864 by government forces, Li Hsiu-ch'eng spent the final days before his inevitable execution writing a personal account of the Rebellion and his role in it. His Deposition is the fullest narrative by a participant and an invaluable historical document. The original manuscript of the Deposition was withheld by the government commander Tseng Kuo-fan and his descendants, and a shortened, bowdlerized version prepared for publication. Li himself was considered a great revolutionary hero in China until the Cultural Revolution when he was reassessed in a major public debate of considerable political significance.
The subject is a 15.5-foot handscroll painted by Li Kung-lin, the preeminent figure painter of 11th-century China, illustrating a work that dates to between 350 and 200 B.C.--a dialog between Confucius and a disciple on the meaning and application of filial piety in the affairs of the individual and of the state. Barnhart's (art history, Yale) elucidation is accompanied by contributed chapters on the calligraphy of the work and on the conservation and remounting of the scroll. Generously illustrated. 9.25x12.25" Annotation copyright by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
The site of Anyang, the last capital of the Shang dynasty, dated to around 1200 to 1000 BCE, is one of the most important sources of knowledge about craft production in Bronze Age China. Excavations and research of the settlement over the past ninety years demonstrate both the advanced level of Shang craft workers and the scale and capacity of the craft industries of the time. However, materials unearthed in Anyang by different expeditions have since been stored separately in China and Taiwan, making a thorough study of this important aspect of life in Shang China challenging. Despite efforts to integrate the data based on published material, the physical evidence rarely has been considered as a single group. Through a systematic analysis of the archaeological materials available in both China and Taiwan, Yung-ti Li provides a detailed picture of craft production in Anyang and paves the way for a new understanding of how the Shang capital functioned as a metropolis. Focusing on craft-producing activities, including bronze casting, bone working, shell and marble inlay working, lithic working, and pottery production, Kingly Crafts examines the material remains, the technology, and the production organization of the craft industries. Although the level of Shang craftsmanship can be seen in the finished products, Li demonstrates that it is necessary to study workshop remains and their archaeological context to reconstruct the social and political contexts of craft production. Offering a comprehensive investigation of these remains, Kingly Crafts sheds new light on the relationships between craft industries and political authority in the late Shang period.
Referencing more than 40 ancient works as well as 70 books and papers of contemporary scholars, this book opens up the civilization, society, culture and communication of the Tang Dynasty. The Tang period represented unprecedented prosperity in the ancient world. Combining the socio-cultural background of ancient China and academic achievements of modern times, this book presents an intensive and in-depth exploration of the communicative organisations, methods and ideas of that period. The book looks at Tang methods of communication, from the postal delivery system and first newspaper to military communication in times of peace and war. It also considers questions of literature, poetry and public space as well as the impact of folk culture and communication on the Tang Dynasty, and examines the intellectual atmosphere of the time and debates surrounding freedom of speech and thought, positioning the Tang Dynasty as the end of the classic world and the beginning of modern society.
In a famous episode of the eighteenth-century masterpiece The Dream of the Red Chamber, the goddess Disenchantment introduces the hero, Pao-yü, to the splendors and dangers of the Illusory Realm of Great Void. The goddess, one of the divine women in Chinese literature who inspire contradictory impulses of attachment and detachment, tells Pao-yü that the purpose of his dream visit is "disenchantment through enchantment," or "enlightenment through love." Examining a range of genres from different periods, Wai-yee Li reveals the persistence of the dialectic embodied by the goddess: while illusion originates in love and desire, it is only through love and desire that illusion can be transcended. Li begins by defining the context of these issues through the study of an entire poetic tradition, placing special emphasis on the role of language and of the feminine element. Then, focusing on the "dream plays" by T'ang Hsien-tsu, she turns to the late Ming, an age which discovers radical subjectivity, and goes on to explore a seventeenth-century collection of classical tales, Records of the Strange from the Liao-chai Studio by P'u Sung-ling. The latter half of the book is devoted to a thorough analysis of The Dream of the Red Chamber, the most profound treatment of the dialectic of enchantment and disenchantment, love and enlightenment, illusion and reality. Originally published in 1993. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.
This book presents an anthology of English-language archaeological and anthropological writings by Li Chi, the founding father of modern archaeology in China. It is divided into 15 chapters; in the first two, Dr. Li sets the stage by introducing the principal characters involved in the first “act” of this modern archaeological drama; in the third and fourth chapters, he describes the status of Chinese archaeology during the early years of the twentieth century and highlights the contributions of prominent foreigners. Starting with the fifth chapter, Dr. Li begins detailing the excavations and describes the principle finds of the Anyang expedition. In turn, the book’s closing chapters present a summary of the findings and descriptions of some of the major publications that this monumental project has yielded. For readers who are interested in Chinese civilization, what will appeal to them most are the details of the excavations of Yin Hsü (the ruins of the Yin Dynasty), including building foundations, bronzes, chariots, pottery, stone and jade, and thousands of oracle bones, which are vividly shown in historical pictures. These findings transformed the Yin Shang culture from legend into history and thus moved China’s history forward by hundreds of years, shocking the world. The anthology also includes Li Chi’s reflections on central problems in Chinese anthropology, which are both enlightening and thought-provoking.
China's success on economic growth and its exploration on political reform in the past few decades have attracted the attention from worldwide economic and political experts. This book studies China's transformation and experience from a sociological perspective, which broadens the research horizons and explores more complexity in contemporary China. This book examines China's social structural transformation, especially its implications on resource allocation and expounds on China's sociology academic history. In addition, it covers a broad range of issues including China's experience of reform and development, urbanization, social hierarchy change, social conflicts, social management, mass consumption, etc. Lastly, it investigates China's "urban village" as a byproduct of economic development and urbanization, which is rarely seen in other countries. These themes are key to understanding contemporary Chinese society, which makes this book a valuable reference for specialists on Chinese studies and those who are interested in contemporary China.
This dissertation is an attempt to define a Chinese "modernism," exemplified by the narrative practices of four major writers in Taiwan today, from the perspective of comparative literature and recent development of literary theory. I propose that modernity of Taiwanese fiction is not so much a result of Western influences as an evolution of Chinese narrative tradition itself. To argue my point I delineate a poetics of Chinese narrative, from which I devise a method of reading and a criterion of evaluation for contemporary Taiwanese fiction in defining its achievement and historical significance. This study of Taiwanese fiction also aims at providing a better understanding of fundamental aesthetic assumptions of Western "modernism" in the context of its own literary tradition. Chapter One, "Introduction," investigates the theoretical foundation and its line of development in Western and Chinese poetics respectively. It first examines the Platonic view of mimesis and Aristotelian aesthetic view of fictionality and their influence on the critical tradition, the continuity of the ancient battle between philosophy and poetry as seen in the structuralist and deconstructionist theories, then the relationship between subjective fictionality and ironic objectivity in Chinese poetics, the continuity of the dilemma in the Chinese novelists in their dual allegiance to the ideal and the real. A final section gives a critical overview of the literary scene in Taiwan. The following four chapters provide examples of the internal tension between fictionality and ironic awareness in the Taiwanese modernist texts. I suggest that instead of stretching the metaphorical potential of fiction to a highly intellectualized abstraction or playing down the interpretive claims of fiction by dramatizing its vulnerability like their Western counterpart, the Taiwanese modernists create their texts on the borderline between the high and the low. Self-assertive as well as self-denying, each of them confronts his own intellectual vision with paradox and ambivalence. In Ch'en Ying-chen, this is expressed as a battle between a lyrical vision of ideological values and an instinctive self-clowning, in Ch'i-teng Sheng, as a form of competition between pattern and contingency, in Wang Chen-ho, as a celebration and abuse of the fictionality of fiction, and in Wang Wen-hsing, an intense self-parody. I conclude that the sensitivity to the irrational and contradiction, inherent with a resistance to didacticism, constitutes the best part of the Chinese humanistic tradition, which is continuously enriched with new dimensions by the contemporary Taiwanese writers.
This one-volume handbook explores the history of Taiwan, from its prehistory to its Japanese colonization to its tumultuous relationship with China in the 21st century. This addition to the Greenwood Histories of the Modern Nations series focuses on significant events in the history of Taiwan, from ancient history to the present. Following the general series format, the book opens with the series foreword and a chronology of key events in Taiwan's history. Eleven chapters follow, with half of the book focusing on the modern historic events that occurred post–World War II. Chapters examine topics and eras including Pre-history and Early Civilization to 1100; Formosa: The Dutch Colony, 1622–1662; Cold War Island: Conflicts and Control, 1950–1972; and Democratization and Independence Movement, 1996–2004. A glossary of terms and annotated bibliography rounds out the work, making it an ideal resource for high school and undergraduate students as well as general readers who are looking for an introduction to Taiwan's history.
Of all the products associated with the material wealth and cultural splendor of traditional Chinese civilization, none was so quintessentially Chinese as silk. From the most ancient times silk played a role in Chinese history, both as a symbol of imperial tradition and as a mainstay of the peasant economy. This study analyzes the development of China's silk industry in the nineteenth and early twentieth century.
This collection of articles discusses the basic epistemological issues facing the global theoretical humanities in terms of cross-cultural points of view. The topics discussed especially concern theoretical semiotics, institutional restrictions of current humanities scholarship, and comparative historical semiotics, as well as the more applicable and empirical-rational-directed humanist ethics. The text is characterized by its hermeneutic dialogue between contemporary western theories and traditional Chinese intellectual history, that will be instructive and informative for scholars and theoretical readers of all branches in both the western and non-western humanities. It emphasizes the great significance of the theoretical humanities in our times and their urgent task should lie in collectively reconstructing a more rationalized humanist-scientific foundation for a new type of human sciences through critically reorganizing all intellectual sources of mankind.
The poems of two of China’s most influential classical poets: Tu Fu, called “China’s Shakespeare” (BBC), and Li Po, the subject of Ha Jin’s The Banished Immortal and “China’s most beloved poet” (The New Yorker) A Penguin Classic Li Po (AD 701–62) and Tu Fu (AD 712–70) were devoted friends who are traditionally considered to be among China's greatest poets. Li Po, a legendary carouser, was an itinerant poet whose writing, often dream poems or spirit-journeys, soars to sublime heights in its descriptions of natural scenes and powerful emotions. His sheer escapism and joy is balanced by Tu Fu, who expresses the Confucian virtues of humanity and humility in more autobiographical works that are imbued with great compassion and earthy reality, and shot through with humour. Together these two poets of the T'ang dynasty complement each other so well that they often came to be spoken of as one – 'Li-Tu' – who covers the whole spectrum of human life, experience and feeling. For more than seventy years, Penguin has been the leading publisher of classic literature in the English-speaking world. With more than 1,700 titles, Penguin Classics represents a global bookshelf of the best works throughout history and across genres and disciplines. Readers trust the series to provide authoritative texts enhanced by introductions and notes by distinguished scholars and contemporary authors, as well as up-to-date translations by award-winning translators.
First published in 1987. The teachings of Confucius have sustained the East for over 2,500 years. As set forth in the Four Books, Confucianism stresses morality, love of peace, justice, honesty, virtue, moderation in all things and sincerity as the means of self-fulfilment. Chen arranges into one compact volume the essential principles for human conduct propounded in Confucius's Four Books, and to make them easily accessible to Western readers for the first time.
“Covers the basic philosophy and arguments of Mādhyamika, as well as discussing its possible influence on other forms of Buddhist thought, including Zen.”—Journal of Chinese Philosophy The chief purpose of Empty Logic is to expound the Mādhyamika philosophy of emptiness as presented in Chinese sources and to clarify misconceptions about this important Buddhist ideology. It is an attempt to present the earlier Chinese San-lun exposition of Nāgārjuna’s thought. To followers of Mādhyamika, the doctrine of emptiness is not a metaphysical theory; rather it is essentially a way of salvation. Few people know that one of the most significant outcomes of Nāgārjuna’s teaching was the creation of Zen (Ch’an) Buddhism in China. In this work, Hsueh-li Cheng provides a general background of Buddhism to give a historical perspective of Mādhyamika thought and development. After exploring the various meanings and use of emptiness in the process of salvation and illustrating the relationship between Mādhyamika and Zen, Cheng investigates how Mādhyamikas addresses the concepts of reality, God, and knowledge. There follows a brief comparison between Nāgārjuna’s, Kant’s, and Wittgenstein’s philosophies to suggest the unique nature of Nāgārjuna’s teaching and explain why his beliefs cannot be classified alongside the other two thinkers. Teaching emptiness as the middle way, the revolutionary Mādhyamika branch of Buddhism offers a singular and fascinating path to achieving liberation from the evil and suffering of the world.
Two Western doctors assembled this updated edition of a massive sixteenth-century document, annotating their translation with their own observations. A treasury of tried-and-true wisdom from centuries of practical experience, it has served as a basis for modern-day organic medicine and has enormous value for practitioners of alternative healing methods.
In the eleventh century, the focus of Chinese painting shifted dramatically. The subject matter of most earlier works of art was drawn from a broadly shared heritage of political, religious, and literary themes. Late in the century, however, a group of scholar-artists began to make paintings that reflected the private experiences of their own lives. Robert Harrist argues here that no work illuminates this development more vividly than Mountain Villa, a handscroll by the renowned artist Li Gonglin (ca. 1041-1106). Through a detailed reading of the painting and an analysis of its place in the visual culture of Li's time, the author offers a new explanation for the emergence of autobiographic content in Chinese art. Harrist proposes that the subject of Li's painting--his garden in the Longmian Mountains--was itself a form of self-representation, since a garden was then considered a reflection of its owner's character and values. He demonstrates also that Li's turn toward the imagery of private life was inspired by the conventions of Chinese lyric poetry, in which poets recorded and responded to the experiences of their lives. The book draws the reader into the artistic, scholarly, and political world of Li Gonglin and shows the profound influence of Buddhism on Chinese painting and poetry. It offers important insights not just into Chinese art, but also into Chinese literature and intellectual history.
First published in 1931. Mainly focussing on cultural and geographical aspects, Travels of an Alchemist are unique in their importance as a source for early Mongol history, enabling us as they do to fix with certainty the otherwise obscure and much disputed dates of Chingiz Khan's movements during his Western campaign. The author, a Taoist doctor, left some of the most faithful and vivid pictures ever drawn of nature and society between the Aral and the Yellow Sea. Waley's introduction provides excellent background information with which to place the Travels in their appropriate historical, social and religious setting.
Foreword by Ezra F. Vogel, Director of the East Asia Research Center. Introduction. Includes sources, studies of modern Chinese literature, studies and translations of individual authors, and unidentified authors. Some titles shown in Chinese characters. Three appendices. Index.
The special focus of this book is the lives and experiences of women in China in the first half of the 20th century. Part One - Historical Interpretations - presents essays by Western-educated Chinese women and men, on the historical role of women in a time of great social and economic upheaval. Part Two - Self-Portraits of Women in Modern China - presents the views of women who experienced life in this period through essays and autobiographies that range from women as concubines to women as factory workers, from women suffering footbinding to women serving as nurses, from women in traditional role in a traditional family to women as scientists and teachers.
An eighth century Tang dynasty poet, Li Bai was acclaimed from his own lifetime to the present day, composing short poems celebrating the pleasures of friendship, the beauty of nature, the importance of solitude and the joys of drinking. The compelling magic of his elegant and yet short verses have won for Li Bai an enduring admiration over the centuries, fortifying his status as a romantic legend, who took traditional poetic forms to new heights, while always conscious of the great and timeless tradition behind him. The Delphi Poets Series offers readers the works of literature’s finest poets, with superior formatting. This volume presents Li Bai’s collected works, with rare translations, illustrations and the usual Delphi bonus material. (Version 1) * Beautifully illustrated with images relating to Li Bai’s life and works * Concise introduction to Li Bai’s life and poetry * Excellent formatting of the poems * Multiple translations of Li Bai’s verses * Includes Herbert A. Giles’ translations, the first to be published in the West, digitised here for the first time * Easily locate the poems you want to read * Features a special Contextual Pieces section — learn about the development of classic Chinese literature * Includes Arthur Waley’s biography Please visit www.delphiclassics.com to see our wide range of poet titles CONTENTS: The Life and Poetry of Li Bai Brief Introduction: Li Bai Translations by Herbert A. Giles (1898) Translations by Arthur Waley (1919) Translations by Amy Lowell (1921) Anonymous Translations The Contextual Pieces A History of Chinese Literature (1901) by Herbert A. Giles Introduction to Chinese Poetry (1918) by Arthur Waley Life of Li Po by Arthur Waley (1919)
Taoists and non-Taoists alike consider Lao-Tzu's Treatise on the Response of the Tao, written by the twelfth-century sage Li Ying-Chang, an essential guide to living. Presenting foundational teaching and practices of the Action and Karma school of Taoism, it is replete with stories illustrating the teachings and an introductory essay that discusses the more esoteric meanings of the passages. Told with clarity and depth, these seminal Taoist teachings offer guidance on leading a balanced, healthy life. Sponsored by the Fung Loy Kok Institute of Taoism
Confucianism and Women argues that Confucian philosophy—often criticized as misogynistic and patriarchal—is not inherently sexist. Although historically bound up with oppressive practices, Confucianism contains much that can promote an ethic of gender parity. Attacks on Confucianism for gender oppression have marked China's modern period, beginning with the May Fourth Movement of 1919 and reaching prominence during the Cultural Revolution of the 1960s and 1970s. The West has also readily characterized Confucianism as a foundation of Chinese women's oppression. Author Li-Hsiang Lisa Rosenlee challenges readers to consider the culture within which Confucianism has functioned and to explore what Confucian thought might mean for women and feminism. She begins the work by clarifying the intellectual tradition of Confucianism and discussing the importance of the Confucian cultural categories yin-yang and nei-wai (inner-outer) for gender ethics. In addition, the Chinese tradition of biographies of virtuous women and books of instruction by and for women is shown to provide a Confucian construction of gender. Practices such as widow chastity, footbinding, and concubinage are discussed in light of Confucian ethics and Chinese history. Ultimately, Rosenlee lays a foundation for a future construction of Confucian feminism as an alternative ethical ground for women's liberation.
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