Embark on a captivating journey through time and place as you delve into the pages of Jade Eye: My Shipping Years in COSCO Shanghai (1968-1987). Li, a Chinese sailor, offers a candid and unfiltered glimpse into his married life, set against the backdrop of the breathtaking cities of Wuxi and Shanghai, China. Through Li’s seafaring adventures, this compelling narrative unravels the profound transformations China underwent from 1968 to 1987, providing readers with an authentic window into the heart of the real China. Beyond its exploration of China’s metamorphosis, Jade Eye offers a unique perspective on the transient historical landscapes of the countries Li visited during his voyages. For young readers, it offers a fresh angle on their own nation’s history during that brief but pivotal era, while adults will find themselves transported back in time, reminiscing about their own lives during those unforgettable years. Prepare to be enthralled and enlightened as you immerse yourself in the pages of Jade Eye. Li’s heartfelt storytelling will both delight and captivate you, offering a vivid and unforgettable portrayal of his extraordinary life experiences and the profound insights he passionately shares with readers.
This book provides an explanation of Chinese policy towards the South China Sea, and argues that this has been sculpted by the changing dynamics of the law of the sea in conjunction with regional geopolitical flux. The past few decades have witnessed a bifurcated trend in China’s management of territorial disputes. Over the years, while China gradually calmed and settled most land-border disputes with its neighbors, disputes on the ocean frontier continued to simmer in a seething cauldron. China's Policy towards the South China Sea attributes the distinctive path of China’s approach to maritime disputes to a unique factor – the law of the sea (LOS) as the "rules of the road" in the ocean. By deconstructing the concept of "sovereignty" and treating the LOS as an evolving regime, the book examines how the changing dynamics of the LOS regime have complicated and reshaped the nature and content of sovereign disputes in the ocean regime as well as the options of settlement. Applying the findings to the South China Sea case, the author traces the learning curve on which China has embarked to comprehend the complexity of the dispute accordingly and finds that it is the dynamic interaction of the law of the sea regime and the geopolitical conditions that has driven the evolution of China’s South China Sea policy. This book will be of great interest to students of Chinese and Asian politics, international law, international relations and security studies.
This book investigates the case of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR) of People’s Republic of China, mapping the changing patterns of political-administrative relations affected by the sovereignty change and structural reforms. It identifies the conditions that account for the varied political-administrative relations resulting from these changes, and develops an analytical framework that integrates and adapts theories and models from Western contexts to explain varied political-administrative relations in Hong Kong policymaking. The book tests its hypotheses through a qualitative comparative analysis of 18 cases occurring during the period of 1997–2012. It also conducts a comparative case analysis, which identified alternative causal conditions that were missing in the original framework. The book concludes that civil servants no longer dominate policymaking in Hong Kong after the regime change and structural reforms. While senior civil servants have sustained influence over policymaking processes through codified rules and political appointment, some of them have adapted to the changes in political environment that require more proactive policy styles and more hierarchical loyalty to the Central People’s Government of China than before. The first-hand interview materials presented in the book provide insights about internal political-administrative dynamics rarely accessible from the public domain. These insights provide inside knowledge of the actors, structure and processes of local policymaking in a context of post-colonial transition, and will be of interest to public administration scholars.
This comprehensive study examines the development and changing characteristics of the judicial system and reform process over the past three decades in China. As the role of courts in society has increased so too has the amount of public complaints about the judiciary. At the same time, political control over the judiciary has retained its tight-grip. The shortcomings of the contemporary system, such as institutional deficiencies, shocking cases of injustice and cases of serious judicial corruption, are deemed quite appalling by an international audience. Using a combination of traditional modes of legal analysis, case studies, and empirical research, this study reflects upon the complex progress that China has made, and continues to make, towards the modernisation of its judicial system. Li offers a better understanding on how the judicial system has transformed and what challenges lay ahead for further enhancement. This book is unique in providing both the breadth of coverage and yet the substantive details of the most fundamental as well as controversial subjects concerning the operation of the courts in China.
This title studies the relationship between China and Africa by reviewing this history and current state of interactions, offering a valuable addition to the often heated and contentious debate surrounding China's engagement in Africa from a Chinese angle. Comprised of four parts, the book covers a kaleidoscopic range of topics on Sino-Africa relations based on materials from different languages. The first part looks into early historical contact between China and Africa and historiography of African Studies in China in recent decades. Part Two contains a broad probe into the origin, dynamics, challenges and cultural heritage of China's policies towards Africa. The third part explores the issue of development cooperation from both the theoretical and practical point of view, with a focus on the case of Chinese medical teams in Africa and China's technology transfer to the continent. The final part illustrates bilateral migration, discussing the history and life of Chinese immigrants in Africa and the African diaspora in China. The insights in this book as well as real life case studies will make this work an indispensable reference for academics, students, policy makers and general readers who are interested in international issues and area studies, especially China-Africa relations, China's rise and African development.
Administrative litigation systems are a rapidly developing legal field in many countries. This book provides a comparative study of the administrative litigation systems in China, Hong Kong, Taiwan and Macao, as well as a number of selected European countries that covers both states with an advanced rule of law and new democracies. Despite the different historical backgrounds and the broader context which has cultivated each individual system, this collective work illustrates the common characteristics of the rapid development of administrative litigation systems since the 1990s as a consequence of the advancement of the rule of law at a global level. All of the contributors have addressed a wide array of key issues in their particular jurisdiction, including court jurisdiction, the scope of judicial review, grounds of litigation claims and mediation in judicial process. Whilst pointing out the shortcomings and challenges which are faced by each jurisdiction, the book offers both ideas and inspiration on how the systems can learn from, and influence each other. This book is essential reading for those studying Chinese law, administrative litigation and comparative law, as well as judges and lawyers specialising in administrative litigation, and administrative courts.
What does it mean for the future of the planet when one of the world’s most durable authoritarian governance systems pursues “ecological civilization”? Despite its staggering pollution and colossal appetite for resources, China exemplifies a model of state-led environmentalism which concentrates decisive political, economic, and epistemic power under centralized leadership. On the face of it, China seems to embody hope for a radical new approach to environmental governance. In this thought-provoking book, Yifei Li and Judith Shapiro probe the concrete mechanisms of China’s coercive environmentalism to show how ‘going green’ helps the state to further other agendas such as citizen surveillance and geopolitical influence. Through top-down initiatives, regulations, and campaigns to mitigate pollution and environmental degradation, the Chinese authorities also promote control over the behavior of individuals and enterprises, pacification of borderlands, and expansion of Chinese power and influence along the Belt and Road and even into the global commons. Given the limited time that remains to mitigate climate change and protect millions of species from extinction, we need to consider whether a green authoritarianism can show us the way. This book explores both its promises and risks.
This title was first published in 2000: The Sino-British joint declaration in 1985 had called to the end of British rule in Hong Kong, but the impacts of the agreed introduction of popular election during the transitional period have still not fully emerged. Being granted Hong Kong people governing Hong Kong by China after 1997, Hong Kong people are suddenly exposed to the kind of politics that they were not engaged in before. The transitional politics is further complicated by the fact that the majority of Hong Kong voters supported the democrats, whose political value and orientation differed from that of the Beijing government. In order to comprehend the collective behaviour of the Hong Kong voters, the author first traces the development of the Hong Kong state and put his readers into context of Hong Kong electoral politics. By adopting the cleavage approach in explaining the voters’ choice and the election results since the 1990, the author examines whether the existing institutional arrangements as established by the Basic law is capable of solving the political and electoral conflicts of the days.
Is it possible, given culturally incongruent perspectives, to validate any common standards of behaviour? Is cultural relativity be a problem when cultures are porous? Can we implement human rights without incorporating the idea into the fabric of culture? This book addresses such questions with an inventive and original understanding of culture.
This timely book explores economic, political, social, and cultural impacts of the COVID-19. It aims to reveal a future world shaped by the worldwide pandemic. The main content of this book is divided into 5 parts: the pandemic—a short sketch of the pandemic through 2020, the acceleration of the global power transition: from East to West, comparison between authoritarian and democratic in the pandemic era, global international organizations under the COVID-19 influence, and regional international organizations under the COVID-19 influence. In addition, this book also analyzes the impacts from two aspects: the changes of the world order and the repercussions for international organizations and globalization. Three questions will be focused: How the pandemic has changed the existing world order? What the new post-pandemic world order will be? How international cooperation has been affected and will be affected? This book is a comprehensive study that investigates the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and the political implication on international organizations. It would not only inspire readers to think about impacts of the outbreak of COVID-19 from economic and political perspectives, but also encourage readers to have a deeper understanding of the global political pattern and potential changes of world order after the pandemic. Therefore, the intended readership not only includes the academics but also includes pro-academics. The academic audiences include university and college scholars (especially those majoring in history, political sciences, economics, and international relations), teachers, and administrative staff at the undergraduate, graduate, postgraduate, and Ph.D. levels, as well as study centers and research institutes and campus and public libraries. The pro-academic groups include civil servants, especially scholarly bureaucrats and technocrats; white collar and middle-class citizens interested in reading, especially those interested in and concerned about current affairs; and international business elites. The most important feature of this book is that it points out the COVID-19 pandemic has been shaping the world order. It also shows in the coming post-pandemic world, the United States would maintain the position of superpower while the still rising China is likely to share some responsibilities in constructing a new multi-polar world with US and other powers. The prevailing of unilateralism will heavily constrain the role of international organizations.
China's vast population contains a large number of disadvantaged or minority groups. Published in association with Social Science Academic Press (China), this unique book outlines what legal protection each minority group receives under Chinese law, together with a helpful comparative study on Chinese national and regional laws. Ground-breaking and detailed, it offers a comprehensive analysis of the various disparate aspects of minority rights protection in China, such as current anti-discrimination policy, the implementation of international standards for minority protection, and domestic legal protection for non-Chinese and ethnic minority groups. Written by leading Chinese scholars Li Lin and Li Xixia from The Institute of Law of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS), & Lidija R. Basta Fleiner from The Institute of Federalism of the University of Fribourg, Switzerland.
Providing an indispensable resource for students, educators, businessmen, and officials investigating the transformative experience of modern China, this book provides a comprehensive summary of the culture, institutions, traditions, and international relations that have shaped today's China. In Modern China, author Xiaobing Li offers a resource far beyond a conventional encyclopedia, providing not only comprehensive coverage of Chinese civilization and traditions, but also addressing the values, issues, and critical views of China. As a result, readers will better understand the transformative experience of the most populous country in the world, and will grasp the complexity of the progress and problems behind the rise of China to a world superpower in less than 30 years. Written by an author who lived in China for three decades, this encyclopedia addresses 16 key topics regarding China, such as its geography, government, social classes and ethnicities, gender-based identities, arts, media, and food, each followed by roughly 250 short entries related to each topic. All the entries are placed within a broad sociopolitical and socioeconomic contextual framework. The format and writing consistency through the book reflects a Chinese perspective, and allows students to compare Chinese with Western and American views.
“Peter J. Li’s pathbreaking new book, Animal Welfare in China, is timely and valuable.” ANTHROZOÖS The plight of animals in China has attracted intense interest in recent times. Since the outbreak of COVID-19, speculation about the origins of the virus have sparked global curiosity Speculation about the origins of COVID-19 has sparked curiosity about how animals are treated, traded and consumed in China today. In Animal Welfare in China, Peter Li explores the key animal welfare challenges facing China now, including animal agriculture, bear farming, and the trade and consumption of exotic wildlife, dog meat, and other controversial products. He considers how Chinese policymakers have approached these issues and speaks with activists from China’s growing animal rights movement. Li also offers an overview of the history of animal welfare in China, from ancient times through the enormous changes of the 20th and 21st centuries. Some practices that are today described as “traditional,” he argues, are in fact quite recent developments, reflecting the contemporary pursuit of economic growth rather than long-standing cultural traditions. Based on years of fieldwork and analysis, Animal Welfare in China makes a compelling case for a more nuanced and evidence-based approach to these complex issues.
Systemic Functional Political Discourse Analysis: A Text-based Study is the first book which takes a comprehensive systemic functional perspective on political discourse to provide a complete, integrated, exhaustive, systemic and functional description and analysis. Based on the political discourses of the Umbrella Movement – the largest public protest in the history of Hong Kong, which occupies a unique political situation in the world: a post-colonial society like many other Asian societies and yet unlike the others, it is a Special Administrative Region of China. Though it enjoys a high degree of autonomy under the principle of ‘One Country, Two Systems’, it is still confined to being part of the ‘One Country’. The book demonstrates how a systemic functional approach can provide a comprehensive, thorough, and insightful analysis of the political discourse from four co-related and complementary approaches: contextual, discourse semantic, lexicogrammatical and historical. Apart from a thorough discussion of various systemic functional conceptions, it provides examples of various analyses from a SF perspective, including contextual parameters, registerial analysis, semantic discourse analysis, appraisal analysis, and discusses important issues in political discourse, including negotiation of self-identity, association of language, power and institutional role, and expression of ‘evidentiality’ and ‘subjectivity’. It is written not only for those who are interested in Hong Kong politics in general and political discourse in Hong Kong in particular, but also for those who work on political discourse analysis, and those who apply SFL to various other discourses such as mass media discourse, medical discourse, teaching discourse, etc. Last but not least, this book is also intended to provide a theoretical framework in discourse analysis from the systemic functional perspective for those who work in Cantonese and in other languages.
Volume I is divided into two parts. Part A of volume 1 in the Ben cao gang mu series offers a translation of chapters 1 and 2 and portions of chapter 3. Chapters 1 and 2 are devoted to introducing the history of materia medica. Chapter 3 is devoted to pharmaceutical drugs for diseases. Chapter 3 is continued, along with chapter 4, in part B of volume I. The Ben cao gang mu is a sixteenth-century Chinese encyclopedia of medical matter and natural history by Li Shizhen (1518–1593). The culmination of a sixteen-hundred-year history of Chinese medical and pharmaceutical literature, it is considered the most important and comprehensive book ever written in the history of Chinese medicine and remains an invaluable resource for researchers and practitioners. This nine-volume series reveals an almost two-millennia-long panorama of wide-ranging observations and sophisticated interpretations, ingenious manipulations, and practical applications of natural substances for the benefit of human health. Paul U. Unschuld's annotated translation of the Ben cao gang mu, presented here with the original Chinese text, opens a rare window into viewing the people and culture of China's past.
This book introduces the Chinese boletes, including the history, ecological and economic values, as well as the geographical distribution patterns with a highlight on the Tylopilus species. Species in Tylopilus s.l. are not only of important ecological values but also of scientific interests. They are very diverse in morphology, complex in structure and wide in ecological niches. China is one of the diverse hotspots of boletes, and many boletes were traditionally treated as members of Tylopilus based on hymenophore or spore-print colour. The studies revealed that the traditionally defined Tylopilus is polyphyletic. This book aims to elucidate the phylogenetic relationships among the genera treated in Tylopilus s.l. previously; to delimit and recognize the taxa, and finally to reveal the diversity of the genera and species of Tylopilus s.l. in China. The book is intended to be a reference for biologists who conduct investigations of biological resources and biodiversity; university and college teachers and students carrying out studies in related fields; mycologists and amateur mycologists, or people who interested in mushrooms taxonomy and systematics; and workers in the development of non-timber forest products.
This book demonstrates that civil-military relations have evolved beyond symbiosis to quasi-institutionalization in post-Deng Xiaoping China. As the People’s Liberation Army (PLA) is a Leninist party-army, it is commonly assumed that the relationship between the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and the PLA is symbiotic and institutional boundaries based on a clear functional division of labor are absent between the two. This symbiosis suggests that the primary role of the PLA is in China’s domestic politics; it is to participate in intra-CCP leadership power struggle and in defending the CCP regime against popular rebellions from within Chinese society. By analyzing major changes in the functions of the PLA political commissar system, the extent of the PLA involvement in the power struggle of the CCP leadership, and the circulation of elites across civil-military institutional boundaries, this book offers a new theoretical explanation of civil-military relations in China. It also discusses the implications of the findings for China’s domestic politics and foreign policy.
Development Theories and Methods of Fracture-Vug Carbonate Reservoirs explores the theories and methods for successful development of a fracture-vug reservoir by presenting the developmental strategies used in the Tahe oilfield. Some of the theories and methods of developing the Tahe fracture-vug reservoirs have been inspired by two China national research projects: The 'Basic research on development of fracture-vug carbonate reservoirs' (2006-2010), and the 'Basic research on production mechanism and oil recovery enhancement of fracture-vugcarbonate reservoirs' (2011-2015), with support by the National Basic Research Program of China. These theories and methods have facilitated the successful development of the fracture-vug reservoir in the Tahe oilfield, providing effective technologies and inspirations to developing similar reservoirs everywhere. - Provides information on both theoretical developments and technological innovations - Applies the modern karst formation characterization and the fracture-vug hierarchical structure to geological investigations of fracture-vug carbonate reservoirs - Introduces the karst facies-controlling 3D geologic modeling of fracture-vug reservoir formations - Proposes the coupled-processing and equivalent multi-medium numerical simulation methods of fracture-vug reservoirs - Presents development methodologies and techniques of water/gas flooding
This book aims at illustrating the OBOR Initiative (also known as 'Belt and Road Initiative' or BRI), its many facets, including its background, and how the Chinese government intends to develop this ambitious project. It describes in detail the role and involvement of Institutions (lenders, in particular) in the OBOR Initiative. It offers guidance on how interested parties can participate in the different projects connected to the Initiative. The views of the authors, on the main aspects of this Initiative, serve as suggestions to parties interested in taking part in this Initiative.The book provides an exceptional amount of information about how projects connected to the BRI Initiative are financed and developed. The involvement of UBS clearly shows that financial institutions are interested in financing the Initiative.There is a special focus on the relationship between China and the EU, because the scope of this Initiative is not only to boost trade relationships between the two regions but also create new opportunities for all the countries along the new Silk Road.
This book explores the ideas and background of teacher education policy development in China and implications for the contemporary Chinese education system. In addition, it examines the key themes of teacher education policies since 1949, including investigating Teacher Exchange and Rotation Policy, Teacher Policy in the Perspective of China’s Alleviation of Education Poverty, Balanced Allocation Policy of Teachers in Chinese Urban and Rural areas, and the implementation effect evaluation of the free/public normal university student policy in China. All these policies contribute to explore the dramatic development of teacher education policy development in contemporary China.
Hong Kong has been one of the fastest growing East Asian economies since the end of the Second World War. The adoption and practice of economic freedom have been major pillars in its economic success. Indeed, the experience of Hong Kong has served as a reference for other emerging economies in the region. The scope of the book elaborates the context and ingredients of economic freedom that have brought success and prosperity to Hong Kong. With sovereignty reversion to China in 1997, it is even more relevant to see how economic freedom is shaping and adapting to the new environment.There exist a number of economic indices based on economic freedom. Hong Kong has been ranked as the freest economy in the world for a number of consecutive years. While the economic freedom indices compare the performance of a large number of word economies, there is a lack of economic literature that studies the absolute level of economic freedom of a single economy. This book boldly serves the purpose of elaborating on the absolute performance of economic freedom in the world's freest economy. It is, therefore, the first of its kind and unique in its field. Numerous areas of studies related to economic freedom are examined, studied and elaborated so that readers can have a full and comprehensive understanding of the content of economic freedom in Hong Kong.
Redefining Capitalism in Global Economic Development reconsiders capitalism by taking into account the unfolding forces of economic globalization, especially in Asian economies. It explores the economic implications and consequences of recent financial crises, terrorism, ultra-low interest rates that are decades-long, debt-prone countries and countries with large trade surpluses. The book illuminates these economic implications and consequences through a framework of capitalist ideologies and concepts, recognizing that Asia is redefining capitalism today. The author, Li, seeks not to describe why nations fail, but how the sustainability of capitalism can save the world. - Merges capitalist theory with global events, as few books do - Emphasizes ways to interpret capitalist ideas in light of current global affairs - Reframes capitalism via economics, supported by insights from political science, sociology, international relations and peace studies
Author: Dr. LI, JIN WEI, male, was born in Shanghai, China, on February 29, 1956. In terms of education, junior high school graduates whose 10-year education was interrupted due to the impact of the "Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution" in Chinese history from 1966 to 1977 obtained a high school diploma through self-study. From the spring of 1980 to the spring of 1982, he studied in the introductory English course of evening college at Shanghai Foreign Language Institute; In 1984, he passed the examination and was admitted to the Department of History, East China Normal University, one of the famous universities in China, to major in political history. He graduated in 1989 with a diploma and a Bachelor of Arts degree; In 1989, he continued to study on-the-job graduate courses in the Department of Economics of East China Normal University, majoring in world economics. In 1991, he completed six courses. In 1996, he was awarded a master's degree in economics by East China Normal University; In 2016, He began to study the Bible and theology for many years. In 2019, he entered the Art Department of the Current Politics Department of Shanghai Veteran Cadre University. He studied the course "Political Economy and International Issues Research" and piano art courses such as "Baier and Czerny 599" for many years. From January 2020 to January 2022, he studied 20 interdisciplinary certificate courses at Harvard University in the United States, focusing on theology and American government, with an average test score of 96 points. He obtained two series of course graduation certificates and course completion certificates. In May 2021, he was awarded two honorary doctorates of letters from American Trinity University and Evangel Christian University of America. Occupationally, he started as an ordinary salesperson in a world-famous large Shanghai No.1 Food Store on Nanjing Road, Shanghai. He was admitted to the state-owned foreign trade company system as a Shanghai Garment Import and Export Company cadre. He began drafting laws and regulations and temporarily worked in the Shanghai Justice Bureau. Legal publicity, and then entered the past and present world influential world. One of the top ten famous think tanks in China, the Shanghai Institute for International Studies, directly under the Shanghai Municipal Government, worked for a long time as a researcher, editor, and legal counsel, transitioned to self-employment in Canada and succeeded Started and completed the legal consulting business of Jinwei Immigration Consultants. In terms of literary creation, as an influential international relations scholar, he continued to engage in the creation of literature and international relations works in his later years. In October 2022, he published an introduction and discussion with 700,000 words in three languages: English, French, and Chinese. "Christianity & the World" complete series of books, they are: 1. CHRISTIANITY AND WORLD CIVILIZATION 2. CHRISTIANITY AND WORLD CULTURE 3. CHRISTIANITY AND THE WORLD ECONOMY 4. CHRISTIANITY AND WORLD HISTORY 5. CHRISTIANITY AND THE LAW OF THE WORLD 6. CHRISTIANITY AND WORLD VISION 7. CHRISTIANITY AND WORLD PEACE 8. CHRISTIANITY AND WORLD POLITICS 9. CHRISTIANITY AND WORLD RELIGIONS 10. CHRISTIANITY AND UNIVERSAL VALUES In March 2023, “WORLD WAR III AND ITS POSSIBILITIES” was published in both Chinese(270,000 words) and English(130,000 words). In addition to writing books and speaking, according to the significant evolution of international relations in the current situation, he often publishes professional articles and theses while researching world peace issues. He continues to help some people in need with personal charity. The author's representative works in the 1990s are as editor-in-chief of "Encyclopedia of Foreign Affairs Knowledge" (1.25 million words, Shanghai Translation Publishing Condo in 1992), chief editor of "Practical Encyclopedia of Foreign Affairs Knowledge" (1.8 million words, Shanghai Translation Publishing Condo in 1997). Shanghai Library collected these two professional books in encyclopedias. The second edition of "Self-Realization" has 1.2 million Chinese and 820,000 words English words. It was a revised and supplemented version of the author's latest memoir and biographical success story in 2018. Its work is self-writing, self-editing, self-typesetting, and self-published. The National Library and Archives of Canada and the British Library collected the first editions of Self-Realization in 2018. The author writes along the lines of suffering childhood-naughty childhood-discriminated teenager-struggling youth-suffering middle age-successful adult-old age who continues to struggle, involving the author's long-term pursuit of knowledge and continuous progress throughout his life, running through the author's hobbies, health care, many relatives, friends, friends, central classmates from elementary school to Harvard, and other social relationships, supplemented by the historical portrayal of the author's growth environment, it not only introduces the social development of multiple levels of Chinese society And evolution: politics, economy, culture, science and technology, civil affairs, foreign affairs, national defence, environment, and introduces the natural environment, political system, working environment, immigration gains and losses, the free market economy, information Internet society and the era of internationalization of the United States and Canada in western countries The historical background of major domestic events have shaped the author's success and self-realization at various stages of life in an environment of self-struggle for more than 60 years. The title of the work is based on the American psychologist Abraham Harold Maslow ( Abraham Harold Maslow, April 1, 1908 - June 8, 1970 ); the highest stage of the humanistic theory of life is self-realization because the author's ideal and Intention has been self-realized one by one through continuous struggle in many aspects of the reverse environment. Find a way and method of struggle that suits you; This book is a more comprehensive historical work that introduces the founding and important development of the People's Republic of China after 1949. The book is a summary of the author's life. It is complete information with more or fewer intersections with the author in various fields at the same age and fully understands the author's complete information. It is forward-looking and referential; It is also a reference book for understanding the actual situation of Western North American society.
Proceedings of SPIE present the original research papers presented at SPIE conferences and other high-quality conferences in the broad-ranging fields of optics and photonics. These books provide prompt access to the latest innovations in research and technology in their respective fields. Proceedings of SPIE are among the most cited references in patent literature.
SPIE-International Society for Optical Engineering
Published Date
ISBN 10
0819461881
ISBN 13
9780819461889
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