The linguistic domains of business and commerce are especially affected by the economic and communicative globalization. Since language use in these domains has an impact on the use of a language in other domains, the future development of the European languages will not mainly depend on language-internal processes, but will increasingly be influenced by the use of English as the international vehicular language. The present development in Europe is discussed in several overview articles and a series of reports on the specific situation in various European countries. In addition, the Lisbon Resolution of EFNIL, pointing at the advantages of multilingualism in international business, is presented in 26 languages including the 23 official languages of the European Union. It calls the EU and its members to acknowledge languages as key factors for economic success, also from the perspective of consumers and workers.
ACADEMIC ESSAY WRITING WORKBOOK; Üniversite Hazırlık Atlama Sınavları-PROFICIENCY-IELTS-TOEFL-PTE gibi tüm akademik sınavların “writing” bölümüne hazırlık kaynak kitap olarak İNGİLİZCE ve TÜRKÇE olarak hazırlanmıştır. Üniversite İngilizce hazırlık atlama sınavlarında ve IELTS-TOEFL-PTE gibi tüm akademik sınavlar da öğrencilerin en çok zorlandıkları bölüm “essay”- “kompozisyon yazımı” dır. Her sınav türünde birden fazla essay türü sorulabilmektedir. Her makale türünün yazım şekli birbirinden farklıdır. Öğrenciler essay yazımında, writing gramer bilgisi yeterli olmadığında, bütünsel yazım organizasyonunu kurmakta zorlanmaktadırlar. ACADEMIC WRITING WORKBOOK kitabımızda; *TÜM ESSAY TÜRLERİ ÖRNEKLERİ ve TÜRKÇE ANLATIMLARI VE ÖRNEK YAZILMIŞ ESSAYLERİ… *ESSAY EN BAŞTAN NASIL (SINAV FORMATINIZA GÖRE)YAZILIR TÜRKÇE ANLATIMINI… *THESIS STATEMENT NASIL OLUŞTURULUR TÜRKÇE ANLATIMINI… *ESSAY YAZARKEN KULLANILACAK ÖRNEK AKADEMİK CÜMLELERİ… *ESSAY YAZARKEN KULLANILACAK BAĞLAÇLARI… *ESSAY YAZMA STRATEJİLERİNİ… *ESSAY TÜRLERİNE GÖRE GİRİŞ-GELİŞME-SONUÇ ÖRNEK KALIP VE ŞABLONLARINI… *ESSAY DE YUKSEK PUAN ALMANIZ İÇİN GEREKLİ BİLMENİZ GEREKEN TÜM YAPILARI… ***SINAV FORMATINIZA UYGUN ESSAY TOPICLER VE YAZILMIŞ ESSAYLERİ TÜRKÇE VE İNGİLİZCE OLARAK BULABİLİRSİNİZ…
The essential guide for learning the Tunica language. For many years, the Tunica-Biloxi Tribe of Louisiana collaborated with students and faculty at Tulane University on a project to revitalize the Tunica language. Tunica had not been spoken or used regularly in the community since the last known speaker, Sesostrie Youchigant, passed away in 1948. The center of the revitalization of the Tunica language is this first-of-its-kind, beginning Tunica language textbook. The Tunica Language Textbook (Rowinataworu Luhchi Yoroni) contains everything needed to become conversationally fluent in Tunica. Like other language textbooks, it contains vocabulary and grammatical information, as well as practice exercises that develop both comprehension and production of Tunica, and acquisition of the patterns, not just the forms. The textbook contains links to an online pronunciation guide and includes a wealth of information on cultural topics, from stickball to basketry to naming to cosmology, and uses the language to do so. Wherever possible, excerpts from the original documentation of Tunica stories and myths have been included, so that students can become acquainted with native-like language use. Each chapter is structured to lead the student through the stages of learning, from presentation of new information, to recognition, to identification, to application. While there is explanation of the topics in English, the lessons are designed to be used in an immersion classroom setting as well as for individual use.
Cortina Method Books bring you the quick, easy and natual way to learn a new language. The Cortina method is time-tested and has received the approval of teachers, students, schools, colleges and business firms all over the world.
In this brand new, audio-only English as a Second Language program, students learn the most important words they need to get by in English. This two-hour recording is perfect for learning on the go.
The United States is formally represented around the world by approximately 14,000 Foreign Service officers and other personnel in the U.S. Department of State. Roughly one-third of them are required to be proficient in the local languages of the countries to which they are posted. To achieve this language proficiency for its staff, the State Department's Foreign Service Institute (FSI) provides intensive language instruction and assesses the proficiency of personnel before they are posted to a foreign country. The requirement for language proficiency is established in law and is incorporated in personnel decisions related to job placement, promotion, retention, and pay. A Principled Approach to Language Assessment: Considerations for the U.S. Foreign Service Institute evaluates the different approaches that exist to assess foreign language proficiency that FSI could potentially use. This report considers the key assessment approaches in the research literature that are appropriate for language testing, including, but not limited to, assessments that use task-based or performance-based approaches, adaptive online test administration, and portfolios.
This book presents the thoroughly refereed post-proceedings of the international Cross-Language Evaluation Forum Workshop organized by the CLEF activity of the European DELOS Network of Excellence for Digital Libraries. The 25 revised papers presented together with an introduction were carefully selected based on two rounds of reviewing. All current aspects of cross-language information retrieval are addressed, ranging from foundational issues and systems evaluation to applications in a variety of fields.
This is the first full-length study of sentential negation phenomena in French. Paul Rowlett assesses, from a generative perspective, the respective contribution made to the expression of clausal polarity by ne, pas, and elements such as jamais and personne. His conclusions have far-reaching implications, leading to the controversial hypothesis that, despite widespread belief, French is not a negative concord language.
This book contains first-hand information on the history, economics, and politics surrounding literacy issues all over the world. Discussions are supported by case-studies of campaigns to promote vernacular languages, and examples of how people relate to their languages in different cultures. Providing a non-Western perspective, the contributors question traditional notions of the uses of literacy.
The name Cornwall comes from Cornovii, meaning hill dwellers, and Waelas, meaning strangers. The first Stone Age tools that were found here date to 4,500 BC. Near the town of Redruth the remains of a Stone Age settlement can still be seen. A shift in the landscape across the land bridge from Europe brought the early settlers to Cornwall. There are several burial chambers throughout Cornwall from this period. All over Cornwall there is evidence of ancient sites and settlements. It was in the New Stone Age or Neolithic period that settlements such as the one on Carn Brea started to be fortified and hedges were built to begin farming. This is a remarkable guide to everything there is to see and do, the culture, the history, where to stay, the restaurants, the walks, bike trips, beaches, and much more. During medieval and early modern times Cornwall was recognized as a separate country and the Cornish people even had their own language. As Cornwall was a natural fort surrounded on all but one side by ocean, the position of a separate country seemed natural. The people and the culture were different from the rest of England, the language spoken was Brythonic. For many years it was a forgotten language but of late it has been reintroduced by some of the older Cornish folk. Cornwall has a very mild climate compared to the rest of Britain. This is mainly due to the fact that it is so far south and also due to the influence of the easterly edge of the Gulf Stream. The coastal areas are especially mild. The fact that Cornwall does have milder weather than other areas of Britain means it is an ideal tourist destination at all times of year. If you are touring Cornwall and visiting St Ives or Penzance, a visit to some of the ancient sites is a must, Cornwall literally has hundreds of ancient sites and monuments. King Doniert's Stone is two pieces of a decorative Celtic cross of the 9th century. The inscription on it commemorates the King of Cornwall who died in 875. King Dungarth died by drowning in the river Fowey. Then there is the Portal Dolmen. It is a rare monument, dating from 3500-2600 BC. They were often reused in the Bronze Age for cremations. This monument is still pleasing to look at, with seven slabs of granite still remaining and a massive capstone said to weigh around 10.5 tons. And then there are the castles. Pendennis Castle was built by Henry VIII. Restormel Castle is on the Fowey River near Lostwithiel. The castle is Norman and noted for its unusual circular design. Built in the early 1700ís, Antony House is a beautiful mansion with a fabulous collection of furniture, paintings, and rich textiles. The grounds meander down to the Lynher estuary. There are formal gardens, topiaries and a knot garden. Lanhydrock stands majestically on 890 acres. Some parts of the house date from 1620; the others are Victorian. The house is a listed building, meaning it is of special architectural or of historical interest. Around the house, there are beautiful formal gardens and in the back is a woodland of trees and shrubs. The Isles of Scilly are 28 miles off the coast of Land's End in Cornwall. Land's End is the southwestern tip of England. The Islands form a golden archipelago and consist of five inhabited islands and numerous others that are not. The entire population of the islands is around 2,000. The inhabited islands are called St. Maryís, Tresco, St. Martinís, Bryher and St. Agnes. Beautiful white beaches, subtropical plants, rocky islets and tiny islands all provide a varied habitat for a large variety of birds and marine animals. Migrating birds stop and rest here, so the islands are a bird watcher's paradise.
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