Tian, or Heaven, had multiple meanings in early China. It had been used since the Western Zhou to indicate both the sky and the highest god, and later came to be regarded as a force driving the movement of the cosmos and as a home to deities and imaginary animals. By the Han dynasty, which saw an outpouring of visual materials depicting Heaven, the concept of Heaven encompassed an immortal realm to which humans could ascend after death. Using excavated materials, Lillian Tseng shows how Han artisans transformed various notions of Heaven—as the mandate, the fantasy, and the sky—into pictorial entities. The Han Heaven was not indicated by what the artisans looked at, but rather was suggested by what they looked into. Artisans attained the visibility of Heaven by appropriating and modifying related knowledge of cosmology, mythology, astronomy. Thus the depiction of Heaven in Han China reflected an interface of image and knowledge. By examining Heaven as depicted in ritual buildings, on household utensils, and in the embellishments of funerary settings, Tseng maintains that visibility can hold up a mirror to visuality; Heaven was culturally constructed and should be culturally reconstructed.
This open access book introduces the magnesium resources in the world and the layout of this industry, the harmless handling/recycling of magnesium slag, and the process of magnesium silicothermic reduction (Pidgeon process) to produce the slag. Examples and experimental data in this book are from the author group’s research programs, as well as the recent researches in China. The book could provide precious reference to scientists and engineers in the field of recycling and environment friendly use of the industrial solid wastes. It could also be used for researchers and students who are interested in relevant field.
This book focuses on the thermophysical properties of Ge-Sb-Te alloys, which are the most widely used phase change materials, and the technique for measuring them. Describing the measuring procedure and parameter calibration in detail, it provides readers with an accurate method for determining the thermophysical properties of phase change materials and other related materials. Further, it discusses combining thermal and electrical conductivity data to analyze the conduction mechanism, allowing readers to gain an understanding of phase change materials and PCM industry simulation.
Technologies for Biochemical Conversion of Biomass introduces biomass biochemical conversion technology, including the pretreatment platform, enzyme platform, cell refining platform, sugar platform, fermentation platform, and post-treatment platform. Readers will find a systematic treatment, not only of the basics of biomass biochemical conversion and the introduction of each strategy, but also of the current advances of research in this area. Researchers will find the key problems in each technology platform for biomass biochemical conversion identified and solutions offered. This valuable reference book features new scientific research and the related industrial application of biomass biochemical conversion technology as the main content, and then systematically introduces the basic principles and applications of biomass biochemical conversion technology. - Combines descriptions of these technologies to provide strategies and a platform for biochemical conversion in terms of basic knowledge, research advances, and key problems - Summarizes models of biomass biochemical conversion for multiple products - Presents products of biomass biochemical conversion from C1 to C10
Hailed by critics and writers as powerful, important fiction, Monkey Bridge charts the unmapped territory of the Vietnamese American experience in the aftermath of war. Like navigating a monkey bridge—a bridge, built of spindly bamboo, used by peasants for centuries—the narrative traverses perilously between worlds past and present, East and West, in telling two interlocking stories: one, the Vietnamese version of the classic immigrant experience in America, told by a young girl; and the second, a dark tale of betrayal, political intrigue, family secrets, and revenge—her mother's tale. The haunting and beautiful terrain of Monkey Bridge is the "luminous motion," as it is called in Vietnamese myth and legend, between generations, encompassing Vietnamese lore, history, and dreams of the past as well as of the future. "With incredible lightness, balance and elegance," writes Isabel Allende, "Lan Cao crosses over an abyss of pain, loss, separation and exile, connecting on one level the opposite realities of Vietnam and North America, and on a deeper level the realities of the material world and the world of the spirits." • Quality Paperback Book Club Selection and New Voices Award nominee • A Kiriyama Pacific Rim Award Book Prize nominee
Spanning four centuries, from 221 B.C. to A.D. 220, the Qin and Han dynasties were pivotal to Chinese history, establishing the social and cultural underpinnings of China as we know it today. Age of Empires: Art of the Qin and Han Dynasties is a revelatory study of the dawn of China’s imperial age, delving into more than 160 objects that attest to the artistic and cultural flowering that occurred under Qin and Han rule. Before this time, China consisted of seven independent states. They were brought together by Qin Shihuangdi, the self-proclaimed First Emperor of the newly unified realm. Under him, the earliest foundations of the Great Wall were laid, and the Qin army made spectacular advances in the arts of war—an achievement best expressed in the magnificent army of lifesize terracotta warriors and horses that stood before his tomb, seven of which are reproduced here. The Han built on the successes of the Qin, the increasing wealth and refinement of the empire reflected in dazzling bronze and lacquer vessels, ingeniously engineered lamps, and sparkling ornaments of jade and gold from elite Han tombs. But of all the achievements of the Qin-Han era, the most significant is, no doubt, the emergence of a national identity, for it was during this time of unprecedented change that people across the empire began to see themselves as one, with China as their common homeland. p.p1 {margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; font: 14.0px Verdana} With its engaging, authoritative essays and evocative illustrations, Age of Empires provides an invaluable record of a unique epoch in Chinese history, one whose historic and artistic impact continues to resonate into the modern age.
This book introduces the latest results in research and practice of industrial solid waste recycling in China's western regions, where more than 50% of the waste in the whole country was produced. With rapid development in recent years, the massive industrial solid waste has become a serious problem in China. This book summarizes information and results of several National Research Programs of China concerning the typical solid wastes of the metallurgical and energy industry in western China, such as magnesium slag, manganese slag, acid sludge of lead and zinc smelting, fly ash, steel slag and carbide slag. It will be highly beneficial to scholars and engineers of environmental science and engineering.
After waking up and changing into a new body, a group of top quality relatives will hang themselves after wailing, teasing, playing rascally and proficient in everything. "Let's see how you're going to deal with me. I'm more confused than you are. You're a rascal, I'm even more of a rascal than you are. Let's see who can beat who." Hey, who's inside? "Who said they were going to marry you?" If you don't marry me, who else can you marry? " Someone gritted his teeth, his face as black as ink. Third brother Yang, your wife has been bullied. Someone chilled the air as he used his palm to cut open the big rock, "Who is it? See if I chop him up. " Third brother Yang, someone wants to pry your corner. Someone with a cold aura carried a hoe to the door, "Which weed is it? See how I cut him out of the ground. " Third brother Yang, your wife wants to go to heaven. Someone calmly brought over a ladder. "I'll build her a ladder." One versus one, purely for entertainment. The content was not to be compared.)
Have you ever woken up in the middle of the forest in a leather boot” Has a fluffy little guy wearing weird clothes ever tried to convince you that it’s absolutely OK? You haven’t? This means that a more cautious Burdebach hunted in your house than the one that came in Nikita’s room. Those Burdubaches are weird guys. They know how to conjure, but not very well. So sometimes their activities end in a very odd way. And they are crazy about pick up what they come across under people’s beds: sneakers, scarves, dolls ... So Nikita, a young boy we are going to talk about, got into trouble due to the Burdebach’s witchcraft. On the other hand, though, shrinking to the size of a Lego doll opens up some pretty promising avenues for adventure. For example, a lizard becomes a much more reliable transportation means than a horse. And in the forest outside the city you can find not only a squirrel, but also a mermaid singer or a creature called ‘nyavka’, capable of sucking all the energy from your body with just a light touch of their lips. Well, if you are lucky, you can come across crystal palace in which Water Man lives. The book has 34 author’s manual illustrations. Publisher about the book: Elena Lan , a well-known Ukrainian writer, has created a complex, multi-level world that lives according to fairy tale and logical laws. She has populated the world with Slavic mythology characters. Nikita’s adventures are built on the principles of modern fantasy. To get back to his home world, Nikita goes through a series of tests accompanied by extraordinary magical characters, who, however, behave in a modern and even pragmatic way. His own efforts gradually turn into a battle to save the magical forest, the last refuge of the mythological creatures. Author about the book: The idea to write a book based on Slavic demonology came to me several years ago. It was when I red the book Ukrainians: Superstitions, Beliefs, Demonology. I was extremely surprised at how little we knew about the way our ancestors had perceived the world around us. Their forests, rivers, lakes and homes were inhabited by numerous mythical creatures. Each Ukrainian region had its own ‘wild’ and ‘domestic’ spirits – but we, the contemporaries, had no idea about all that. ‘Is it normal?’, I asked myself. Modern children will easily tell you what a Greek satyr looked like, but they can’t describe Bld, Mamuna, or Nyavka.
This book describes various crisis situations in transitional China, and by analyzing the unique characteristics and backgrounds of emergencies and crisis, it argues that crisis management has become a major challenge for the Chinese governments. It then discusses the chronology of crisis, organizational behaviors and the decision-making processes to construct a modern crisis management system in detail, to shed light on the creation of a strategic design and institutional framework of crisis management in China. In so doing, it provides not only insights into the dynamics of crisis decision-making and communication, but also solutions for possible problems specific to a transitional political regime in China.
As different laser technologies continue to make it possible to change laser parameters and improve beam quality and performance, a multidisciplinary theoretical knowledge and grasp of cutting-edge technological developments also become increasingly important. The revised and updated Laser Technology, Second Edition reviews the principles and basic
Bao Ninh's Contribution to Vietnamese and World Literature analyzes and presents the works of Bao Ninh, the most well-known writer in modern Vietnamese literature. His works are renowned both in Vietnam and worldwide and his novel The Sorrow of War, which has been translated into more than 15 languages, is considered to be one of the classic works of war literature. This book by two award-winning scholars, one in war literature and the other in war history, presents for the first time an overall assessment of Bao Ninh’s works, notably of his celebrated novel and his short stories. It outlines his life, setting it in the context of war-torn Vietnam whence he was a teenage soldier at the age of 17 in the North Vietnamese People's Army (NVPA); highlights the main themes of the corpus of his writings, inter alia of suffering and trauma of war impacts of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) of veterans, of the futility of war; discusses his approach to writing; compares his writings with others in war literature; and examines and assesses his especial place in world literature. This pioneering monograph of the scholarly evaluation of Bao Ninh himself and his works further engages in the discourse of his contribution to modern Vietnamese literature and world literature. Encouraging a better understanding of wars and conflicts, the book will be of interest to researchers and students in the fields of modern Asian history, in particular the Vietnam War, Southeast Asian Studies, and Vietnamese and World literature.
In this highly unusual chapbook, memorable poetry and beautiful calligraphic art are married to exquisite tastes. One immediately identifies with Mong-Lan's poems, while with her calligraphic art, one wishes to linger. And, the tastes remain, even after the pages are closed. Whether Mong-Lan is singing of her love to food or writing of Southeast Asia (particularly Vietnam and Thailand), her poetry is quick-witted, humorous, vibrant, intoxicating and worldly. One sips the words slowly, imbibes to smell, not only to taste; then to devour wholeheartedly of what the soul sings.
Bachelor Thesis from the year 2020 in the subject History - Asia, grade: A, University of Nottingham, language: English, abstract: The innovation of this dissertation is that 'Chinese pirates' and 'Sino-Iberian relations' are two elements that have been, to some extent neglected in previous studies, and their connection is studied in this dissertation. History about Chinese pirates in the Ming Dynasty is often regarded as a part of domestic history in China. In past research, Chinese Pirates lacked a kind of international connection, while scholars paid more attention to the so-called 'Japanese pirates,' whose international elements have been widely recognized. Generally, the Sino-Portuguese and Sino-Spanish relations are studied separately. However, it is not conducive to understanding the Chinese attitude toward these two Catholic and Romance-languages-speaking nations from the same peninsula during the Ming Dynasty because they were collectively referred to as 'Fo Lang Ji' by the Ming Chinese. In this case, this term can be regarded as the Chinese counterpart to 'Iberians' in English during the Ming Dynasty. Hence, one nation's behaviour in the greater Iberian community would affect the Chinese attitude towards the other Iberian nation. This character is shown in the dissertation. This dissertation's core question is: How did pirate groups led by Chinese heads influence the relations between the Iberian communities in the Far East and the Chinese Ming Dynasty from 1557 to 1583? It divides into three minor questions according to the three stages of communication between the Chinese and Iberians: Firstly, what is the relation between 'piracy' defined by Ming central government and early Sino-Iberian military conflicts? Secondly, to enter China and stabilize its position in China, how would Iberians cooperate with the Chinese government by solving pirate-related problems? Finally, why Portuguese Macao and Spanish Manila had different results in diplomatic activities in China? Following the introductory chapter, each of the three chapters answers these minor questions step by step, and finally, demonstrates how Chinese pirates affect Sino-Iberian relations in the Far East.
There are two parts to the book. In the first part, a complete introduction of various kinds of a priori estimate methods for the Dirichlet problem of second order elliptic partial differential equations is presented. In the second part, the existence and regularity theories of the Dirichlet problem for linear and nonlinear second order elliptic partial differential systems are introduced. The book features appropriate materials and is an excellent textbook for graduate students. The volume is also useful as a reference source for undergraduate mathematics majors, graduate students, professors, and scientists.
This book examines urban development and its role in planning in China and other Asian cities. Starting with a substantial narrative on the history, development philosophy, and urban form of ancient Asian cities, it then identifies the characteristics of urban society and different phases of development history. It then discusses urbanization patterns in China with a focus on spatial layout of the city clusters in the Yangtze River Delta since the 20th Century. Lastly, it explores institutional design and the legal system of urban planning in China and other Asian cities. As a textbook for the “Model Course in English” for international students listed by the Ministry of Education in China, it helps international researchers and students to understand urban development and planning in Asian cities.
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