Mao's twin political-cum-economic development models did not evolve alone from the internal environment. Rather they were historically constructed in relation to the developments in the Sino-US and Sino-USSR relations. This work traces the complex role that these relations had in the formation of Mao's worldview of the West and the Soviet Union as a hostile international environment. The author looks at the intricate interactions between China and each of the twin superpowers (or both in unison), Mao's leadership and the masses, and his development model during his time as well as the post-Mao's development model he created (in a favourable international environment starting) in 1971. The book seeks to explain how political, economic, and cultural changes were produced through various processes of interactions, whether (the Great Leap Forward), the Cultural Revolution, (the present on-going) modernization revolution, trade, or global participation.
Kissinger’s dual-purpose instrument of the US-China and US-Soviet détente was devised to achieve a stable balance of power in the contemporary world in the second half of the 1960s. Stimulated by both Kissinger’s doctrine and the historical novel, the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Mao’s global order of tripolarity was created to feature the new US-China relations in the early 1970s with his initiative of the ping-pong diplomacy through this Kissinger-Mao axis. This made his quest for a modernization revolution possible with the Western market oriented approach. Strengthening Mao’s modernization program, Xiaoping’s “good-neighborhood” policy was designed to induce the world to help modernize China. Vitally including Russia with the collapse of the Soviet Union, Deng’s policy helped maintain a peaceful and stable international environment, though it also marked the end of Mao’s global order. Perceiving the PRC’s rise as a threat to its dominance in the Asia Pacific region, the US containment effort was enhanced with US-Japanese collusion and siding with the Philippines and Vietnam in relevant maritime disputes with the PRC. The US united with the Republic of Korea, nations in Southeast Asia, and Australia in establishing a wide-range alliance to go against the “China threat.” The post-Cold War, eastward expansion of the US-led NATO and the Russian determination to be a great power again, contributed to tension with the United States. The Russian desire to maintain its nuclear deterrent capability was at odds with the US missile defense plans. Thus, the US deployment of its missile shield in Eastern Europe as part of its strategic configuration in Alaska and the Far East was to contain Russia from both the Far East and Europe.
Becoming Chinese American discusses the historical and cultural development of Chinese American life in the past century. Representing a singular breadth of knowledge about the Chinese American past, the volume begins with an historical overview of Chinese migration to the United States, followed by critical discussion of the development of key community institutions, Chinese-language schools, newspapers, and politics in early Chinese American life. Rather than emphasize experiences of discrimination, the collection focuses on Chinese American community formation that tested the racially-imposed boundaries on their new lives in the United States. Written by noted Chinese American scholar Him Mark Lai, the essays in this volume will be of interest to scholars of Asian and Asian American studies, as well as American history, ethnicity, and immigration.
OCPA 2000 provided a forum for researchers from the various subfields of physics to broaden their knowledge horizons. It promoted friendship among ethnic Chinese physicists from all the continents and fostered a sense of belonging to a community with a strong tradition of scholarship and heritage. Ethnic Chinese physicists gathered to review past accomplishments and to consider making further contributions to the world of physics.
A comprehensive review of the advances of smart cities’ smart energy, transportation, infrastructure, and health Smart Energy for Transportation and Health in a Smart City offers an essential guide to the functions, characteristics, and domains of smart cities and the energy technology necessary to sustain them. The authors—noted experts on the topic—include the theoretical underpinnings, the practical information, and the potential benefits for the development of smart cities. The book includes information on various financial models of energy storage, the management of networked micro-grids, coordination of virtual energy storage systems, reliability modeling and assessment of cyber space, and the development of a vehicle-to-grid voltage support. The authors review smart transportation elements such as the advanced metering infrastructure for electric vehicle charging, power system dispatching with plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, and the best practices for low power wide area network technologies. In addition, the book explores smart health that is based on the Internet of Things and smart devices that can help improve patient care processes and decrease costs while maintaining quality. This important resource: Examines the challenges and opportunities that arise with the development of smart cities Presents a state-of-the-art financial models of smart energy storage Clearly explores the elements of a smart city based on the advancement of information and communication technology Contains a review of advances in smart health for smart cities Includes a variety of real-life case studies that illustrate the various components of a smart city Written for practicing engineers and engineering students, Smart Energy for Transportation and Health in Smart Cities offers a practical guide to the various aspects that create a sustainable smart city.
This book provides a comprehensive introduction to different elements of smart city infrastructure - smart energy, smart water, smart health, and smart transportation - and how they work independently and together. Theoretical development and practical applications are presented, along with related standards, recommended practices, and professional guidelines. Throughout the book, diagrams and case studies are provided that demonstrate the systems presented, and extensive use of scenarios helps readers better grasp how smart grids, the Internet of Things, big data analytics, and trading models can improve road safety, healthcare, smart water management, and a low-carbon economy. A must-read for practicing engineers, consultants, regulators, utility operators, and environmentalists involved in smart city development, the book will also appeal to city planners and designers, as well as upper-level undergraduate and graduate students studying energy, environmental science, technology, economics, signal processing, information science, and power engineering.
Making full use of newly declassified material, extensive interviews and specific case studies, this book examines the Hong Kong media over a forty year period, focusing in particular on how its newspapers and TV stations have struggled for press freedom under the colonial British administration, as well as Chinese rule.
For researchers and students in pharmacology and related fields, explains the standard techniques for investigating the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of test compounds using laboratory animals. Describes types of experiments, study design, animal preparation and maintenance, do
All societies face a key question: how to empower governments to perform essential governmental functions while constraining the arbitrary exercise of power. This balance, always in flux, is particularly fluid in today's China. This insightful book examines the changing relationship between that state and its society, as demonstrated by numerous experiments in governance at subnational levels, and explores the implications for China's future political trajectory. Ann Florini, Hairong Lai, and Yeling Tan set their analysis at the level of townships and counties, investigating the striking diversity of China's exploration into different governance tools and comparing these experiments with developments and debates elsewhere in the world. China Experiments draws on multiple cases of innovation to show how local authorities are breaking down traditional models of governance in responding to the challenges posed by the rapid transformations taking place across China's economy and society. The book thus differs from others on China that focus on dynamics taking place at the elite level in Beijing, and is unique in its broad but detailed, empirically grounded analysis. The introduction examines China's changing governance architecture and raises key overarching questions. It addresses the motivations behind the wide variety of experiments underway by which authorities are trying to adapt local governance structures to meet new demands. Chapters 2–5 then explore each type of innovation in detail, from administrative streamlining and elections to partnerships in civil society and transparency measures. Each chapter explains the importance of the experiment in terms of implications for governance and draws upon specific case studies. The final chapter considers what these growing numbers of experiments add up to, whether China is headed towards a stronger more resilient authoritarianism or evolving towards its own version of democracy, and suggests a serie
The directory records information on 763 libraries in Hong Kong, listing 53 community centre libraries, 62 general and public libraries, 27 post-secondary college and university libraries, 16 theological libraries, 432 school libraries, 50 government departmental libraries, 24 hospital/medical/nursing libraries, 95 special libraries and 4 club/society libraries. In October 1994, questionnaires were sent or faxed to every library listed in the previous edition and various other sources. For those libraries who had contributed to the previous edition (1988) a copy of their previous entries was supplied for amendment and addition; to prospective new entrants sample entries were sent for general guidance. Information in the directory has been compiled from the returned questionnaires or direct telephone contacts with those who did not respond to the initial questionnaires. The final deadline for collection of data was September 1995. Approximately 750 questionnaires were sent out. More than 98% responded, many with enthusiasm for the project. The response to the questionnaires is gratifying, which indicates that the directory has achieved a high level of respect among libraries and information services in Hong Kong. The main body of the directory consists of a single alphabetic sequence of entries for the various institutions, with a classified section at the end. Each entry contains detailed information such as the address, person in charge, opening hours, services provided, funds available, stock, loan and reader statistics, catalogue type, and extension activities organized. The directory serves as a major resource for librarians and information specialists and is a necessary purchase of any library and information centre.
This book is a definitive history of Chinatowns in Canada. From instant Chinatowns in gold- and coal-mining communities to new Chinatowns which have sprung up in city neighbourhoods and suburbs since World War II, it portrays the changing landscapes and images of Chinatowns from the late nineteenth century to the present. It also includes a detailed case study of Victoria's Chinatown, the earliest such settlement in Canada. The culmination of twenty years of research, which has included detailed surveys of over fifty Chinatowns in North America and interviews with numerous community leaders and city planners in all major Chinatowns in Canada, this book explains why Historic Chinatowns are seen as important by Chinese today and why they may survive despite the competing attractions of New Chinatowns. It also sheds new light on the chracteristics of these communities and provides useful insights for geographers, historians, sociologists and anthropologists.
This book is the first systematic attempt to document statutory building control in Hong Kong. It examines 40 cases decided by the Building Appeal Board with reference to the overlapping jurisdictions of the Buildings, Lands and Planning authorities in controlling building development. The cases are categorized under nine major themes, namely 'procedures and principles', 'immediate neighbourhood', 'widths of streets', 'lanes', 'access and parking', 'stepped streets', 'means of escape', 'illegal structures and enforcement orders' and 'demolition'. Each case is examined in detail, cross-referenced and illustrated by drawings and photographs where appropriate. For each category, a list of relevant law cases and a summary of the decision criteria identified are also provided. This work should be of great value to Authorized Persons, surveyors, lawyers and town planners who practise in Hong Kong, as well as those who are interested in the policies and issues concerning building control in a high-rise and high density living environment. It should also help professional practitioners prepare for the relevant APC examinations for the Hong Kong Institute of Surveyors and other professional organizations.
This is the first systematic economic study of the nature, operation and contribution of entrepreneurship to the growth of Hong Kong. The author argues that the success of Hong Kong is due to adaptive entrepreneurship.
Kissinger’s dual-purpose instrument of the US-China and US-Soviet détente was devised to achieve a stable balance of power in the contemporary world in the second half of the 1960s. Stimulated by both Kissinger’s doctrine and the historical novel, the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Mao’s global order of tripolarity was created to feature the new US-China relations in the early 1970s with his initiative of the ping-pong diplomacy through this Kissinger-Mao axis. This made his quest for a modernization revolution possible with the Western market oriented approach. Strengthening Mao’s modernization program, Xiaoping’s “good-neighborhood” policy was designed to induce the world to help modernize China. Vitally including Russia with the collapse of the Soviet Union, Deng’s policy helped maintain a peaceful and stable international environment, though it also marked the end of Mao’s global order. Perceiving the PRC’s rise as a threat to its dominance in the Asia Pacific region, the US containment effort was enhanced with US-Japanese collusion and siding with the Philippines and Vietnam in relevant maritime disputes with the PRC. The US united with the Republic of Korea, nations in Southeast Asia, and Australia in establishing a wide-range alliance to go against the “China threat.” The post-Cold War, eastward expansion of the US-led NATO and the Russian determination to be a great power again, contributed to tension with the United States. The Russian desire to maintain its nuclear deterrent capability was at odds with the US missile defense plans. Thus, the US deployment of its missile shield in Eastern Europe as part of its strategic configuration in Alaska and the Far East was to contain Russia from both the Far East and Europe.
Mao's twin political-cum-economic development models did not evolve alone from the internal environment. Rather they were historically constructed in relation to the developments in the Sino-US and Sino-USSR relations. This work traces the complex role that these relations had in the formation of Mao's worldview of the West and the Soviet Union as a hostile international environment. The author looks at the intricate interactions between China and each of the twin superpowers (or both in unison), Mao's leadership and the masses, and his development model during his time as well as the post-Mao's development model he created (in a favourable international environment starting) in 1971. The book seeks to explain how political, economic, and cultural changes were produced through various processes of interactions, whether (the Great Leap Forward), the Cultural Revolution, (the present on-going) modernization revolution, trade, or global participation.
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