Contemporary Perspectives on Ophthalmology is a specialty text targeting all learners of modern-day ophthalmology, particularly who are making the first steps in the discovery of this vibrant branch of medicine after completing their general medicine course as undergraduates. Contemporary Ophthalmology as a branch of medicine has grown to enormous magnitudes in the last decade. Hence the students need a comprehensive compilation detailing the updates in the subject for easy and quick perusal before their examination. The current edition is completely redesigned, and many chapters are rewritten in order to make it relevant. Some of the key features include: - Wide and comprehensive coverage of updated topics in all specialties of ophthalmology. - Succinct and focused format for quick reading and understanding. - Key updates on evolving topics such as refractive surgery, ocular therapeutics, stem cells and corneal surgery, advances in cataract surgery, glaucoma investigations and treatment, uveal disorders, retinal surgery, oculoplastic procedures and ocular trauma. - Enhanced emphasis on diagnosis of ocular disorders and investigations. - A chapter on community ophthalmology. - A new chapter on statistics for core understanding required for research techniques. - Many illustrations and artworks for better elucidation of key concepts. - Videos on selected topics.
The coastline, terms the interface between land and water. Over one third of the world’s population lives either at the coasts or in adjacent coastal low land areas. The coast is a region of extreme energy contribution. The energy transported by waves, arrives at the coast and is obtainable for work. Thus the outcome is the processes of sediment transport causing morphological changes. As a result the coasts form the most rapidly changing places on earth's surface, playing an important role in global transportation of sediments. Hence studies on the coastal zone where air, land and water interact are a focus of particular interest among the scientific community. The coastal areas across the world are also of great economic importance as they contain copious natural resources and desired tourist destinations because of their immense scenic landscape. The port terminals and fishing harbors plays a key role in the worldwide economy through the transportation and storage of traded goods. On the other hand, their operating activities are extremely hurtful to marine and coastal environments if not properly maintained or monitored. The deeds of ports are the significant sources of environmental pollution and their construction may also harmfully affect the coastal environment, such as jetties/breakwater. The upcoming Vizhinjam seaport is a vital infrastructure to cater the container trades and these amenities may considerably dash the overall morphology and dynamics of the region. Hence to attain a preliminary view of its environmental conditions, a pilot study on the textural, mineralogical and geochemical distribution were analyzed in surface sediment samples of the Vizhinjam port area.
The definitive social history of tuberculosis, from its origins as a haunting mystery to its modern reemergence that now threatens populations around the world. It killed novelist George Orwell, Eleanor Roosevelt, and millions of others-rich and poor. Desmond Tutu, Amitabh Bachchan, and Nelson Mandela survived it, just. For centuries, tuberculosis has ravaged cities and plagued the human body. In Phantom Plague, Vidya Krishnan, traces the history of tuberculosis from the slums of 19th-century New York to modern Mumbai. In a narrative spanning century, Krishnan shows how superstition and folk-remedies, made way for scientific understanding of TB, such that it was controlled and cured in the West. The cure was never available to black and brown nations. And the tuberculosis bacillus showed a remarkable ability to adapt-so that at the very moment it could have been extinguished as a threat to humanity, it found a way back, aided by authoritarian government, toxic kindness of philanthropists, science denialism and medical apartheid. Krishnan's original reporting paints a granular portrait of the post-antibiotic era as a new, aggressive, drug resistant strain of TB takes over. Phantom Plague is an urgent, riveting and fascinating narrative that deftly exposes the weakest links in our battle against this ancient foe.
Due to their medicinal activity and potential use as synthetic starting materials, studies on beta-lactams have increased significantly. This unique volume takes readers on a tour de force from the concept of antibiosis to the serendipity of antibiotics, evolution of beta‐lactam development, and molecular biology of antibiotic resistance. These areas of research have culminated in a deeper understanding of microbiology, particularly in the area of bacterial cell wall synthesis and recycling. Considerable work has been performed by chemists and biologists to continue updating their findings about beta-lactam synthesis. Features: • Stereoselective synthesis of monocyclic, bicyclic, and polycyclic beta-lactams • Microwave, ultrasound, and solid support-mediated preparation of beta-lactams • Diverse medicinal activities including anticancer activities of beta-lactams and products obtained from them • Nanoparticles, artificial intelligence, and dipole moments in beta-lactam science • Synthesis and mechanism of formation of polyaromatic beta-lactams
Fundamentals of Offshore Engineering addresses the basics of design for offshore oil and gas production systems and examines the health, safety, and environmental (HSE) aspects in the oil and gas industry with emphasis toward safety measures in design and operations. It also covers fundamental issues of crude oil and natural gas exploration and extraction and also includes coverage of seismic surveys and green energy systems. Details of offshore platforms, describing the types, historical development, basics of analysis and design, environmental loads, and potential hazards are also provided. The book serves as a useful resource for universities that teach offshore engineering to senior undergraduate and graduate students as well as a guide for practicing engineers. Includes coverage of wave loads, wind loads, ice loads, and fire loads on structures. Discusses offshore pipelines and subsea engineering to help readers understand the fundamentals of petroleum production and related pipeline installation.
Agroecosystems of South India is a unique treatise that deals with the relevance of natural resources, genetic stocks, fertilizers, and agronomic practices on the productivity of agroecoregions. Within the context of this book, an agroecosystem has been defined as a conglomerate of small cropping zones, which may be mono-cropping expanses or intercrops that occur in various geographic regions of South India. South India abounds with several such agroecosystems that encompass field crops, vegetables, cash crops, plantations, and forest species. However, the main emphasis within this volume is restricted to agroecosystems that include major cereals, legumes, and oil seed crops. There are 10 chapters in this volume. The first, on historical aspects, traces important events related to domestication, introduction of crop species, agricultural implements, development of soil fertility and crop husbandry procedures. An introductory chapter on Agroecosystems delineates various agroecoregions of South India. Their classification based on physiography, soils, and climatic parameters have been dealt with in great detail. Descriptions on natural resources such as soils and their fertility conditions; water resources; climatic conditions including precipitation patterns; and crops and their genotypes are available in chapter 2. The impact of soil fertility and nutrient dynamics on ecosystematic functions and productivity of crops in an agroecosystem forms the central piece of discussions within chapters 3 to 9. Historical background, geographical settings, agroclimate, soils, cropping systems, and productivity trends have been provided for each cropping ecosystem. Recent advances and details on aspects of nutrient dynamics, such as soil nutrients, their availability, physico-chemical transformations, nutrient fluxes, inorganic fertilizer supply, organic manures, crop residue recycling, nutrient carry over and nutrient balances/imbalances form the core of each chapter. The impact of beneficial soil microbes such as Rhizobium, Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria and Arbuscular Mycorrhizas, on nutrient dynamics in soil has also been discussed. More recent developments dealing with modeling nutrients in cropping ecosystems, computer based-simulations, precision farming and site-specific nutrient management have been emphasized. Forecasts on the impact of nutrient dynamics on the future course of agroecosystems are also available. Overall, this book is a scholarly edition that aims at providing an excellent exposition of recent developments within various agroecosystems of South India to a global audience. It highlights the importance of soil fertility and nutrient dynamics within agroecosystems to total food grain and fodder production in South India. It will be a useful book to researchers, professors, and students dealing with agriculture, environmental science, ecology, and plant science.
Nanotechnology for CO2 Utilization in Oilfield Applications delivers a critical reference for petroleum and reservoir engineers to learn the latest advancements of combining the use of CO2 and nanofluids to lower carbon footprint. Starting with the existing chemical and physical methods employed for synthesizing nanofluids, the reference moves into the scalability and fabrication techniques given for all the various nanofluids currently used in oilfield applications. This is followed by various, relevant characterization techniques. Advancing on, the reference covers nanofluids used in drilling, cementing, and EOR fluids, including their challenges and implementation problems associated with the use of nanofluids. Finally, the authors discuss the combined application of CO2 and nanofluids, listing challenges and benefits of CO2, such as carbonation capacity of nanofluids via rheological analysis for better CO2 utilization. Supported by visual world maps on CCS sites and case studies across the industry, this book gives today's engineers a much-needed tool to lower emissions. - Covers applications for the scalability and reproducibility of fabrication techniques for various nanofluids used in the oilfield, including visual world maps that showcase current stages and future CCS sites - Helps readers understand CO2 case studies for subsurface applications, including CO2 injection into depleted reservoirs - Provides knowledge on the existing challenges and hazards involved in CO2 for safer utilization
This book is a comprehensive volume that brings together vast knowledge about agricultural prairies in one place, providing concise information and providing concise descriptions of natural resources and their influence on crop productivity. It provides detailed descriptions about natural settings as well as lucid discussions on soil fertility and
The basic purpose of the study was to understand the antecedent factors shaping the online purchase intent of shoppers from Delhi/NCR on lines of the widely acclaimed Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology, UTAUT2 model. This study used the extended UTAUT2 to advance understanding of UTAUT2 and its applicability in context of shoppers in Delhi/NCR in a comprehensive manner.
Natural Products as Anticancer Agents introduces the different types of natural products that have been used for cancer treatment. Divided into four parts, covering anticancer agents derived from terrestrial plants, anticancer agents derived from the marine environment, and anticancer agents derived from microorganisms, as well as evaluation of new anticancer agents, each part includes discussion of the properties, synthesis/extraction, storage, mechanism of action, and usage of the molecules. Discussion of the future prospects in anticancer natural products—including several new trends and an indication of where research in this area is likely to go in the future—is also included. - Assists in the identification of risk factors associated with the drug development process - Includes process diagrams detailing the procedure for the isolation and purification of molecules - Covers cost-effective green approaches in the development of anticancer drugs
Indian Geological Sequences: Salient Features and Major Events focuses on the first ever differentiation of the entire Indian record into a five tier hierarchical succession of geological sequences – five giga to 12 mega to 25 1st order to 68 2nd order to over 100 3rd order ones as its basic skeleton. Using the developed grid of sequence timelines, the diverse inter-disciplinary geological manifestations on the broad tectono-stratigraphically homogeneous supra-region of GTM (Gondwanian Tethyan Margin from Arabia to Australia) have been mutually integrated towards chronicling of events with precision never ever realized earlier. The giga-sequences GS-I to GS-IV comprising eight mega-sequences MS-I to MS-VIII deal with the Precambrian in brief. GS-V (¬ 635 ma onward) MS-IX (¬ 635-444 ma) and MS-XII (¬ 61.6 onward) include orogenies while MS-X (¬ 444-259 ma) and MS-XI (¬ 259-61.6 ma) are dominated by dismemberment tectonics. The prime focus is on the correlation of events across scores of sedimentary basins from outcrop to subsurface, onshore to offshore, marine to non-marine, shallow to deep water, plant to animal, micro to macro-fossils, and Proto-Paleo-Neotethys to Indian Ocean. Among the major Phanerozoic events time precised are the ¬ 500 ma Acantha Zone mega MFS accretion of the then alien TH to the Indian margin, and the ¬ 50 ma P8 Zone mega MFS impingement of India on Asia while the important dismemberment events include the ¬ 159 ma late Middle Oxfordian Orientalis Zone Schilli Subzone 1st order MFS initiation of the Indian Ocean which culminated in steps with oceanic separation of Sri Lanka from Antarctica at the ¬ 107 ma early Middle Albian Dentatus Zone mega MFS, ¬ 90 ma 1st order SB initiation of separation of Madagascar so also of Mascaranes basin, NER, Central Indian basin, Wharton basin, separation of Greater Seychelles from India at the ¬ 64.5 ma intra Danian 2nd order Quadratus Zone MFS and ¬ 24 ma Complanata Zone MFS thrusting due south of Greater Himalaya upon Lesser Himalaya. Indian Geological Sequences: Salient Features and Major Events is a valuable reference for researchers and scientists in the field of Earth Sciences. - Relates multi-dimensional geological events of one region to another in a vast supra-region through precisely dated sequence timelines - Links macro- and micro-evolutionary advent and extinction events to macro- and micro-geological events - Includes multidisciplinary data sources, from sedimentological, geochemical, and geophysical records
The third edition of Heart in Fours brings students, residents and clinicians fully up to date with the latest advances in cardiology. It covers all diseases and disorders related to the heart by listing four key points for each topic. The book deals with both theoretical and practical aspects of cardiology, explaining the causes, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of many cardiac complaints. This new edition includes a chapter on pregnancy and cardiovascular disease. Numerous new clinical photographs and diagrams have also been added to this comprehensive manual. Key points Fully updated, new edition presenting all topics of cardiology in four key points Examines theoretical and practical aspects of causes, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of many diseases and disorders New chapter on pregnancy and cardiovascular disease Includes numerous new clinical photographs and diagrams Previous edition published in 2002
The book Ganga: A Scientific Study is based on an Integrated Research Programme carried out by 14 Universities located in the Ganga Basin sponsored and funded by the Envioronment Research Committee and The Ganga Project Directorate, Ministry of Environment & Forests, Government of India, New Delhi. The Ganga, one of World's major rivers, has been venerated as the holiest and is bound with countless beliefs and faiths especially in India and adjacent countries. Its water has traditionally been regarded as an inexhaustible gift of nature. Recent experiences do not, however, warrant such a complacency. The water resources are strained to a non-sustainable level due to rapid population explosion, urbanisation, development of agriculture, industry, livestock and power production in the Ganga basin. The hydrobiological quality of water has deteriorated and yet no concise, valid supporting evidence was available in a comprehensive manner covering the entire river. This book is an attempt towards this direction. For the first time a picture of the Ganga is available with its physico-chemical and biological charateristics, the severe pollution stress and causes to which its water is subjected to, the contents and quality of water and possible remedial measures. An account of algae including pollution sensitive and tolerant species, besides bio-indicators is available. A possible modelling exercise has also been included. A microbiological assay and the bacteria present in the river water is also given. This book, in short, is a synthesis of what the Ganga is at present in respect of its hydrobiology, pollution load, and some aspects of hydrology.
Introduction: Securing Cyber-Physical Infrastructures--An Overview Part 1: Theoretical Foundations of Security Chapter 1: Security and Vulnerability of Cyber-Physical Infrastructure Networks: A Control-Theoretic Approach Chapter 2: Game Theory for Infrastructure Security -- The Power of Intent-Based Adversary Models Chapter 3: An Analytical Framework for Cyber-Physical Networks Chapter 4: Evolution of Widely Spreading Worms and Countermeasures : Epidemic Theory and Application Part 2: Security for Wireless Mobile Networks Chapter 5: Mobile Wireless Network Security Chapter 6: Robust Wireless Infrastructure against Jamming Attacks Chapter 7: Security for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks Chapter 8: Defending against Identity-Based Attacks in Wireless Networks Part 3: Security for Sensor Networks Chapter 9: Efficient and Distributed Access Control for Sensor Networks Chapter 10: Defending against Physical Attacks in Wireless Sensor Networks Chapter 11: Node Compromise Detection in Wireless Sensor N ...
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