Essays in Honor of Wolfhart Zimmermann : Proceedings of the Symposium in Honor of Wolfhart Zimmermann's 80th Birthday, Ringberg Castle, Tegernsee, Germany, 3-6 February 2008
Essays in Honor of Wolfhart Zimmermann : Proceedings of the Symposium in Honor of Wolfhart Zimmermann's 80th Birthday, Ringberg Castle, Tegernsee, Germany, 3-6 February 2008
This book contains a collection of essays written in honor of Wolfhart Zimmermann's 80th birthday, most of them based on talks presented at a symposium in his honor. The book shows the unifying force of a subject (Quantum Field Theory) and a person (Zimmermann). It ranges from fundamental questions in quantum physics over applications to particle physics and noncommutative geometry to the latest developments in many body theory and dynamical systems. These key ideas are elucidated by worldwide-recognized experts including Faddeev, Becchi, Buchholz, Lowenstein and Salmhofer.Readers seeking examples on how a subject has evolved, diversified and deepened over the course of several decades and how a single person can influence this process can find here a perfect illustration. Through it all, readers are treated to a high-brow intellectual adventure
Although Conservative parties did not exist in Germany until after the Napoleonic Wars, there did emerge, around 1770, traceable organized political activity and intellectual currents of a clearly Conservative character. The author argues that this movement developed as a response to the challenge of the Enlightenment in the fields of religion, socioeconomic affairs, and politics- and that this response antedated the impact of the French Revolution. Believing that Conservatism cannot be treated properly as a specialized phenomenon, or simply as an intellectual movement, Professor Epstein correlates it with the political and social forces of the time. Originally published in 1966. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.
A practical guide to Cryptography and its use in the Internet and other communication networks. This overview takes the reader through basic issues and on to more advanced concepts, to cover all levels of interest. Coverage includes all key mathematical concepts, standardisation, authentication, elliptic curve cryptography, and algorithm modes and protocols (including SSL, TLS, IPSec, SMIME, & PGP protocols). * Details what the risks on the internet are and how cryptography can help * Includes a chapter on interception which is unique amongst competing books in this field * Explains Public Key Infrastructures (PKIs) - currently the most important issue when using cryptography in a large organisation * Includes up-to-date referencing of people, organisations, books and Web sites and the latest information about recent acts and standards affecting encryption practice * Tackles the practical issues such as the difference between SSL and IPSec, which companies are active on the market and where to get further information
If you liked Dan Brown’s Da Vinci Code—or want to solve similarly baffling cyphers yourself—this is the book for you! A thrilling exploration of history’s most vexing codes and ciphers that uses hands-on exercises to teach you the most popular historical encryption schemes and techniques for breaking them. Solve history’s most hidden secrets alongside expert codebreakers Elonka Dunin and Klaus Schmeh, as they guide you through the world of encrypted texts. With a focus on cracking real-world document encryptions—including some crime-based coded mysteries that remain unsolved—you’ll be introduced to the free computer software that professional cryptographers use, helping you build your skills with state-of-the art tools. You’ll also be inspired by thrilling success stories, like how the first three parts of Kryptos were broken. Each chapter introduces you to a specific cryptanalysis technique, and presents factual examples of text encrypted using that scheme—from modern postcards to 19-century newspaper ads, war-time telegrams, notes smuggled into prisons, and even entire books written in code. Along the way, you’ll work on NSA-developed challenges, detect and break a Caesar cipher, crack an encrypted journal from the movie The Prestige, and much more. You’ll learn: How to crack simple substitution, polyalphabetic, and transposition ciphers How to use free online cryptanalysis software, like CrypTool 2, to aid your analysis How to identify clues and patterns to figure out what encryption scheme is being used How to encrypt your own emails and secret messages Codebreaking is the most up-to-date resource on cryptanalysis published since World War II—essential for modern forensic codebreakers, and designed to help amateurs unlock some of history’s greatest mysteries.
Today the problems of reunification seem to feature more often in the international spotlight than the benefits. This timely volume offers a reassessment of Germany's postwar development from its inception through to reunification, including a thorough examination of the implications for economic, political and social policies. The impressive team of contributors include leading names in the history of modern Germany, together with some of the ablest younger scholars in the field. They are: Hartmut Berghoff, David Childs, Immanuel Geiss, Graham Hallett, Klaus Larres, Terry McNeill, Torsten Opelland, Richard Overy, Stephen Padgett, Panikos Panayi, and Mathias Siekmeier.
‘A magisterial contribution to the understanding of the cultural position of Romani people in Europe. ... nothing short of astounding’ Literary Review This remarkable book describes a dark side of European history: the rejection of the Roma from their initial arrival in the late Middle Ages to the present day. To Europeans, the Roma appeared to be in complete contradiction with their own culture, because of their mysterious origins, unknown language and way of life. As representatives of an oral culture, for centuries the Roma have left virtually no written records of their own. Their history has been conveyed to us almost exclusively through the distorted images that European cultures project. Persecuted and shunned, the Roma nonetheless spread out across the continent and became an important, indeed indispensable element in the European imagination. It is impossible to conceive of the culture of Spain, southern France and much of Central Europe without this pervasive Romani influence. Europe and the Roma brilliantly describes the 'fascination and fear' which have marked Europeans' response to the Romani presence. Countless composers, artists and writers have responded to Romani culture and to fantasies thereof. Their projections onto a group whose illiteracy and marginalization gave it so little direct voice of its own have always been a very uneasy mixture of the inspired, the patronizing and the frighteningly ignorant. The book also shows the link between cultural violence, social discrimination and racist policies that paved the way for the genocide of the Roma.
This is the first book to extensively and exclusively cover nonconventional yeasts - all yeasts other than S. cerevisiae and S. pombe. In addition to useful background information, the author includes detailed protocols allowing the investigation of basic and applied aspects for a wide range of these organisms. Due to the increasing importance of nonconventional yeasts in biotechnological applications, this book should become the standard reference for both pure and applied scientists working in the fields of microbiology and biochemistry.
The Peptides, Volume I: Methods of Peptide Synthesis focuses on detailed description of protecting groups, individual amino acids, and coupling reactions. The publication first offers information on amino-protecting and carboxyl-protecting groups, including carboxyl protection by salt formation, esterification, and amide formation and acyl-type, alkyl-type, and urethane protecting groups. The text then examines the formation of the peptide bond and amino acids. Discussions focus on amino acids with the alcoholic hydroxyl group, sulfur amino acids, basic and acidic amino acids, synthesis of peptides by activation of the amino group, and peptide synthesis by activation of the carboxyl group. The manuscript elaborates on the synthesis of cyclic peptides, depsipeptides, peptoids, and the plastein reaction. Topics include synthesis of plastein-active peptides, glycopeptides, phosphopeptides, and S-peptides. The publication is a dependable source of data for readers interested in the methods of peptide synthesis.
Offering an overview on health and healthy living from classical Antiquity through to the mid-19th century, when scientific medicine began to gain ascendancy, this book shows that despite the diversity of notions of 'healthy' and 'ill', directions on healthy living remain surprisingly constant throughout the centuries.
This up-to-date monograph provides a thorough review of the relevant data and properties of the transition-metal impurities generated during silicon-sample and device fabrication. The different mechanisms responsible for contamination are discussed, and a survey is given of their impact on device performance. The specific properties of the main and rare impurities in silicon are examined, as well as the detection methods and requirements in modern technology. This new edition includes important recent data and many new tables.
This book presents an up-to-date formalism of non-equilibrium Green's functions covering different applications ranging from solid state physics, plasma physics, cold atoms in optical lattices up to relativistic transport and heavy ion collisions. Within the Green's function formalism, the basic sets of equations for these diverse systems are similar, and approximations developed in one field can be adapted to another field. The central object is the self-energy which includes all non-trivial aspects of the system dynamics. The focus is therefore on microscopic processes starting from elementary principles for classical gases and the complementary picture of a single quantum particle in a random potential. This provides an intuitive picture of the interaction of a particle with the medium formed by other particles, on which the Green's function is built on.
The Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds, since its inception, has been recognized as a cornerstone of heterocyclic chemistry. Each volume attempts to discuss all aspects – properties, synthesis, reactions, physiological and industrial significance – of a specific ring system. To keep the series up-to-date, supplementary volumes covering the recent literature on each individual ring system have been published. Many ring systems (such as pyridines and oxazoles) are treated in distinct books, each consisting of separate volumes or parts dealing with different individual topics. With all authors are recognized authorities, the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Chemistry is considered worldwide as the indispensable resource for organic, bioorganic, and medicinal chemists.
Highly acclaimed and considered the leading reference in the field, Pathology of Melanocytic Nevi and Malignant Melanoma has now been fully revised and updated to accomodate rapid advances in the field of melanoma pathology. Drs. Michael Piepkorn and Klaus Busam have now joined Dr. Barnhill, world-renowned expert in dermatology and pathology, to expand the text with new sections on the genetics and cytogenetics of melanoma, sentinal lymph node biopsy, the new AJCC TNM staging system for melanoma, the mechanisms of melanoma metastasis. The successful focus and format of the first edition have been preserved. Each lesion and diagnosis is clearly illustrated, now with more than 340 new, digitally enhanced full-color photomicrographs and over 125 tables. A corresponding precis, or concise description of the clinical features, histopathology, differential diagnosis, and outstanding characteristics of each lesion provides readers with a quick yet comprehensive overview of each topic covered. With the inclusion of recent advances in cancer research and new techniques, the second edition of Pathology of Melanocytic Nevi and Malignant Melanoma is the essential reference for every practicing dermatopathologist, pathologist, dermatologist, and cancer research scientist today.
High-Field EPR Spectroscopy on Proteins and their Model Systems: characterization of Transient Paramagnetic States offers a comprehensive overview of experimental techniques in, and paradigmatic examples of, the application of high-field EPR spectroscopy in biology and chemistry.
The second edition of Non-Perturbative Methods in Two-Dimensional Quantum Field Theory is an extensively revised version, involving major changes and additions. Although much of the material is special to two dimensions, the techniques used should prove helpful also in the development of techniques applicable in higher dimensions. In particular, the last three chapters of the book will be of direct interest to researchers wanting to work in the field of conformal field theory and strings.This book is intended for students working for their PhD degree and post-doctoral researchers wishing to acquaint themselves with the non-perturbative aspects of quantum field theory.
Günthers book demonstrates that most objections to moral and legal principles are directed not against the validity of principles but against the manner of their application. If one distinguishes between the justification of a principle and its appropriate application, then the claim that the application of the principle in each individual case follows automatically from its universal justification proves to be a misunderstanding. Günther develops this distinction with the help of Habermass discourse theory of morality. He then employs it to extend Kohlbergs theory of moral development and to defend this against Gilligans critique. In the third and fourth parts of the book, Günther showsin debate with Hare, Dworkin, and othershow argumentation on the appropriate application of norms and principles in morality and law is possible.
This textbook covers Plant Ecology from the molecular to the global level. It covers the following areas in unprecedented breadth and depth: - Molecular ecophysiology (stress physiology: light, temperature, oxygen deficiency, drought, salt, heavy metals, xenobiotica and biotic stress factors) - Autecology (whole plant ecology: thermal balance, water, nutrient, carbon relations) - Ecosystem ecology (plants as part of ecosystems, element cycles, biodiversity) - Synecology (development of vegetation in time and space, interactions between vegetation and the abiotic and biotic environment) - Global aspects of plant ecology (global change, global biogeochemical cycles, land use, international conventions, socio-economic interactions) The book is carefully structured and well written: complex issues are elegantly presented and easily understandable. It contains more than 500 photographs and drawings, mostly in colour, illustrating the fascinating subject. The book is primarily aimed at graduate students of biology but will also be of interest to post-graduate students and researchers in botany, geosciences and landscape ecology. Further, it provides a sound basis for those dealing with agriculture, forestry, land use, and landscape management.
This monumental, comprehensive, controversial study is the first volume of a definitive history of the churches in Germany between the wars. It is especially significant in that it is based on a great deal of original research into both religious and political sources, and is the first book to work on the presupposition that an accurate picture of the churches in the Third Reich demands that both Protestant and Roman Catholic churches are studied side by side, since it was the rivalry between the churches that in some ways contributed to their downfall. Contrary to what has often been asserted, Professor Scholder argues that Hitler did have a plan for the churches over a long period. Crucial to that plan on the Catholic side was his desire for a concordat parallel to that achieved by Mussolini, keeping the clergy out of politics, which the Vatican was over-hasty to meet; it was the attempt to treat the Protestant churches in a similar way to the Catholic church, which led to the difficulties that ended in the church struggle. There is also a realistic analysis of the Jewish question, documenting the churches’ failure in this area with severity and scholarly rigor. The first part covers developments up to Hitler’s seizure of power; the second is devoted to the year 1933, during which all the major issues were in fact decided.
This study provides a country by country overview of the legal regulations concerning employment protection and fixed-term employment in the twelve Member States of the European Union.
More than 80 personalities, in or from Germany, that over the centuries have shaped the development of analytical chemistry are introduced by brief biographies. These accounts go beyond summarising key biographical information and outline the individual's contributions to analytical chemistry. This richly illustrated Brief offers a unique resource of information that is not available elsewhere.
This book will collate, review and synthesize information on how Organic Agriculture (OA) practices affect and are affected by climate change, in comparison to the more widely used conventional agricultural practices. Pros and cons of OA practices will be discussed separately for croplands, pasture lands, mixed livestock cropping systems, vegetable fields, fruit and tree orchards, and vineyards. The book concludes with an overview on how conventional and OA practices can be prudently and discriminately combined to identify and adopt climate-resilient agro-ecosystems under site-specific conditions.
This new up-to-date edition of the successful handbook and ready reference retains the proven concept of the first, covering basic and advanced methods and applications in infrared imaging from two leading expert authors in the field. All chapters have been completely revised and expanded and a new chapter has been added to reflect recent developments in the field and report on the progress made within the last decade. In addition there is now an even stronger focus on real-life examples, with 20% more case studies taken from science and industry. For ease of comprehension the text is backed by more than 590 images which include graphic visualizations and more than 300 infrared thermography figures. The latter include many new ones depicting, for example, spectacular views of phenomena in nature, sports, and daily life.
This book is a survey of methods used in the study of two-dimensional models in quantum field theory as well as applications of these theories in physics. It covers the subject since the first model, studied in the fifties, up to modern developments in string theories, and includes exact solutions, non-perturbative methods of study, and nonlinear sigma models.
A translated, thoroughly revised, and updated edition of the German work. Part I presents the geographic distribution of seaweeds and seagrasses around the world, environmental factors, floral history, and relevant paleoceanographic considerations, covered geographically. Part II covers seaweed ecophysiology, including the relationships of light, temperature, salinity, and other abiotic factors on seaweed distribution, as well as biotic factors such as competition, herbivory, predation, and parasitism, in order to elucidate the ecophysiologic bases for the distribution patterns examined in Part I.
Maitreya's Ratnagotravibhaga, also known as the Uttaratantra, is the main Indian treatise on buddha nature, a concept that is heavily debated in Tibetan Buddhist philosophy. In A Direct Path to the Buddha Within, Klaus-Dieter Mathes looks at a pivotal Tibetan commentary on this text by Go Lotsawa Zhonu Pal, best known as the author of the Blue Annals. Go Lotsawa, whose teachers spanned the spectrum of Tibetan schools, developed a highly nuanced understanding of buddha nature, tying it in with mainstream Mahayana thought while avoiding contested aspects of the so-called empty-of-other (zhentong) approach. In addition to translating key portions of Go Lotsawa's commentary, Mathes provides an in-depth historical context, evaluating Go's position against those of other Kagyu, Nyingma, and Jonang masters and examining how Go Lotsawa's view affects his understanding of the buddha qualities, the concept of emptiness, and the practice of mahamudra.
Most information on yeasts derives from experiments with the conventional yeasts Saccaromyces cerevisiae and Schizossaccharomyces pombe, the complete nuclear and mitochondrial genome of which has also been sequenced. For all other non-conventional yeasts, investigations are in progress and the rapid development of molecular techniques has allowed an insight also into a variety of non-conventional yeasts. In this bench manual, over 70 practical protocols using 15 different non-conventional yeast species and in addition several protocols of general use are described in detail. All of these experiments on the genetics, biochemistry and biotechnology of yeasts have been contributed by renowned laboratories and have been reproduced many times. The reliable protocols are thus ideally suited also for undergraduate and graduate practical courses.
Since the fall of the Iron Curtain, migration has become a major cause for concern in many European countries, but migrations to, from and within Europe are nothing new, as Klaus Bade reminds us in this timely history. A history of migration to, from and within Europe over a range of eras, countries and migration types. Examines the driving forces and currents of migration, their effects on the cultures of both migrants and host populations, including migration policies. Focuses on the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, particularly the period from the Second World War to the present. Illuminates concerns about migration in Europe today. Acts as a corrective to the alarmist reactions of host populations in twenty-first century Europe.
Based on a two-semester course held at the University of Heidelberg, Germany, this book provides a solid basis for postgraduate students wishing to obtain a more profound understanding of the foundations of Quantum Field Theory. The book covers a wide spectrum of topics ranging from traditional operator and modern path integral methods, to different regularization and renormalization methods, asymptotic behavior of Green functions, a particular view on the Renormalization Group, and spontaneous symmetry breaking in effective potentials. Much effort has been made to present the material in a transparent, detailed and structured way, which should help the reader to follow the material.
Advanced notion of the Creeping Codification which is based on the 'TransLex Principles', operated by the Center for Transnational Law (CENTRAL) of Cologne University at www.trans-lex.org. The Trans- Lex Principles are based on the 'List of Principles, Rules and Standards of the Lex Mercatoria' which was reproduced in the Annex of the first edition of this book. This Internet-based codification method realized through the TransLex Principles corresponds to the unique character of the Creeping Codification of the New Lex Mercatoria which is an ongoing, spontaneous, and dynamic process which is never completed.
tribute greatly to understanding the origins of The plan for this book goes back almost 20 years. Already, at that time, it was possible to recognize organisms. an extraordinary variation in metabolites and To provide the biochemist with a ready over processes superimposed upon the basic biochem view of the structural diversity of animals, the book includes a simplified version of animal sys ical system of animals. Each species, each indi tematics; for further information on the classifica vidual, in fact each type of cell of the multicellu lar organism possesses its own biochemical char tion, structure and life of particular animal spe acter, and this molecular variety, its biological sig cies, the reader should consult the relevant text nificance, and its evolutionary development books. It is assumed that the zoologist reader has throw up many interesting questions. The com a basic knowledge of biochemistry; important general biochemical facts are in any case given for parative approach that has been so productive at many of the subjects covered. the higher levels of complexity of morphology and physiology can also be used to great effect at I had already completed several chapters of the molecular level. this book by the beginning of the 1970s.
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