Nonlinear elliptic problems play an increasingly important role in mathematics, science and engineering, creating an exciting interplay between the subjects. This is the first and only book to prove in a systematic and unifying way, stability, convergence and computing results for the different numerical methods for nonlinear elliptic problems. The proofs use linearization, compact perturbation of the coercive principal parts, or monotone operator techniques, and approximation theory. Examples are given for linear to fully nonlinear problems (highest derivatives occur nonlinearly) and for the most important space discretization methods: conforming and nonconforming finite element, discontinuous Galerkin, finite difference, wavelet (and, in a volume to follow, spectral and meshfree) methods. A number of specific long open problems are solved here: numerical methods for fully nonlinear elliptic problems, wavelet and meshfree methods for nonlinear problems, and more general nonlinear boundary conditions. We apply it to all these problems and methods, in particular to eigenvalues, monotone operators, quadrature approximations, and Newton methods. Adaptivity is discussed for finite element and wavelet methods. The book has been written for graduate students and scientists who want to study and to numerically analyze nonlinear elliptic differential equations in Mathematics, Science and Engineering. It can be used as material for graduate courses or advanced seminars.
Research and development is no longer a headquarters function. More and more companies internationalize their R&D activities. The pros and cons of this approach are discussed in this book. The organizational alternatives for international R&D as well as the consequences that they have for decision making and performing R&D are also of great interest. Furthermore, measuring success of international R&D is a very difficult problem that is not yet fully understood. However, suggestions are made to improve present day practise. They are based on a large body of empirical research and management literature.
Industrial research has come under pressure. Will recent budget cuts reduce competitiveness? Based on interviews in Japanese and European high-tech firms it is shown that research supports important potentials. These can be used for project funding, location decisions, and an analysis of sufficient conditions for research success. Careful management of the potentials should improve future competitiveness, and it should help to understand why industrial firms benefit from research and how.
Unwanted childlessness affects approximately one in six couples worldwide. - though the exact proportion of the predominant cause of the problem remains controversial, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), in nearly 40% of cases the cause can be attributed to the female, in 20% to the male, in 25% to both, and in 15% the cause remains unknown. Based on these ?gures, the - cidence of male factor infertility in the general population is approximately 7%. The majority of these men, approximately 30%, experience irreversible idiopathic infertility and cannot father children without some form of medical intervention. Male factor infertility, in addition, may be caused by testicular germ cell cancer, which is known to represent the most common cancer among young men, aged 15 to 35 years, in Western industrialized countries. The number of affected men has increased dramatically over the past 50 years. There is now growing evidence that human testicular germ cell cancer originates from fetal germ cells exhibiting an aberrant programme of gene expression, and tumour progression may be favoured by an aberrant Sertoli cell-germ cell communication.
Geopolitics is a way of looking at the world. Using wide-ranging examples, from historical maps to James Bond films and the rhetoric of political leaders like Churchill and George W. Bush, this title shows why, for a full understanding of contemporary global politics, it is essential to be geopolitical.
Lists some 700 published pieces of music for solo voice with small instrumental ensemble, written by more than 600 composers, between 1960 and 1989. The main section of the book is arranged by voice type and alphabetized by composer. Entries include information on difficulty, vocal range, language,
This book offers a short history of business administration in four parts. Part 1 takes the reader from 8000 BCE with the development of simple control techniques to the middle of the nineteenth century. At this time, normative, empirical, and theoretical approaches to business problems in the industrial area were developed. Furthermore, more powerful methodologies came into use. In Part 2, the criteria for science are discussed and related to the development of business administration as a science at the beginning of the twentieth century. Part 3 demonstrates, using Germany as an example, the development of business administration as strongly influenced by its societal environment. The cases of National Socialist Germany, the socialist environment of the German Democratic Republic, and the reconstruction of an academic-inspired business administration in Western Germany are provided as illustrative examples. Part 3 also presents a typology of major specializations in business administration, examples of their development, and a proposal for a curricular approach to the discipline. The fourth and final part presents the benefits of studying the history of management ideas. This book is useful for academics in business administration, advanced students, and anyone who seeks to understand recent developments in business administration.
Assembles a range of women's letters from the former British Empire. These letters 'written home' are not only historical sources; they are also representations of the state of the Empire in far-off lands sent home to Britain and, occasionally, other centres established as 'home'.
The Antarctic is one the most hostile natural environments in the world. It is an extraordinary physical space, which changes significantly in shape and size with the passing of the seasons. Politically, it is unique as it contains one of the few areas of continental space not claimed by any nation-state. Scientifically, the continental ice sheet has provided us with vital evidence about the Earth's past climate. In this Very Short Introduction, Klaus Dodds provides a modern account of Antarctica, highlighting the main issues facing the continent today. Looking at how the Antarctic has been explored and represented in the last hundred years, Dodds considers the main exploratory and scientific achievements of the region. He explains how processes such as globalization mean that the Antarctic is increasingly involved in a wider circuit of ideas, goods, people, trade, and governance - all of which have an impact on the future of the region. ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.
Blends biology, clinical science, genetics, and molecular biology of the immune system to provide a complete account of our knowledge of immunology New features include full-color artwork and design, over 50 new figures, and text that has been completely revised to reflect the very latest references Incorporates a variety of pedagogical aids to assist students in the learning process, including chapter outlines, objectives, and summaries, as well as a self-evaluation section
The network paradigm dominated immunological research from the early 1970s to the late 1980s. The originator, Niels Jerne, hypothesized that the vast diversity of antibodies in each individual forms a network of mutual "idiotypic" recognition, thus regulating the immune system. In context of emerging concepts of systems biology such as cybernetics and autopoesis, the "Eigenbehavior" of the immune system fascinated an entire generation of young immunologists. But fascination led to experimental errors and overinterpretation, eventually magnifying the immune system from a mere infection-fighting device to a substrate of personality and individuality. As a result, what initially appeared as an exciting new perspective of the immune system is now viewed as a scientific vagary, and is largely abandoned. The author, himself a participant in the network vagary, begins with a description of the leading theoretical concepts on fact finding in science. This is followed by a historical account of the rise and fall of the network paradigm, complemented by personal interviews with some of the prominent protagonists. By comparing the network paradigm to other, more lasting concepts in life science, the author develops a general perspective on how solid knowledge is derived from error-prone scientific methodology, namely by exposure of scientific notions to the scrutiny of reality.
The Arctic: A Very Short Introduction provides an account of the Arctic, its physical environment, and its people. The Arctic is demanding global attention as it warms, melts, and thaws in a manner that threatens not just its 4 million inhabitants, but the whole planet. The reduction of the Arctic to its changing environment would ignore the complexities of the region and its potential. This VSI explores key issues facing the region today, from geopolitics to global warming. It examines the causes and effects of cultural, physical, ecological, political, and economic change in the Arctic, and considers its uncertain future"--
This is the first book to extensively and exclusively cover nonconventional yeasts - all yeasts other than S. cerevisiae and S. pombe. In addition to useful background information, the author includes detailed protocols allowing the investigation of basic and applied aspects for a wide range of these organisms. Due to the increasing importance of nonconventional yeasts in biotechnological applications, this book should become the standard reference for both pure and applied scientists working in the fields of microbiology and biochemistry.
NEL CUORE DELLA PREISTORIA Gobekli Tepe: una straordinaria scoperta archeologica che rivoluziona le nostre conoscenze sul remoto passato dell'uomo e getta una nuova luce sulle antiche tradizioni che hanno originato il racconto biblico della Genesi. Klaus Schmidt, l'archeologo scopritore del primo complesso templare dell'umanita', con questo libro ci conduce per mano dentro l'enigma che attanaglia da sempre gli studiosi della preistoria: donde veniamo e come siamo arrivati fin qui? Davanti a questa domanda cruciale, l'autore non si tira indietro ed avanza ipotesi narrando, in modo coinvolgente, il suo primo impatto con la misteriosa collina di Sanliurfa, nella Turchia orientale, e con i successivi eccezionali ritrovamenti, per poi descrivere con rigore la struttura dell'insediamento neolitico, cercando di interpretare il significato dei colossali pilastri a T disposti a cerchio ed istoriati con straordinari bassorilievi naturalistici o con simboli ancora tutti da decifrare. Il tutto 7000 anni prima delle grandi piramidi egizie e in tempi ancor piu' remoti rispetto all'innalzamento del primo megalite di Stonehenge. Il sito di Gobekli Tepe, con le sue meraviglie provenienti direttamente dall'era glaciale e con quelle che giacciono misteriosamente ancora sotto il manto di terra, e' destinato a cambiare radicalmente la comprensione delle tappe dell'avventura umana. 'La scoperta degli antichissimi templi di Gobekli Tepe (X millennio a.C.) permette per la prima volta di comprendere, con chiarezza senza uguali, come cacciatori e raccoglitori abbiano dato origine alla cultura degli agricoltori sedentari. Un libro affascinante sugli inizi della rivoluzione neolitica.' (Prof. Dr. Friedemann Schrenk, Direttore della sezione paleoantropologica del Senckenberg Museum di Francoforte) 'Questa è la storia della scoperta di un santuario monumentale che, a rigor di logica, non dovrebbe nemmeno esistere. Prima che venisse in luce, infatti, nessuno avrebbe creduto che i nostri predecessori, già 12000 anni fa, fossero in grado di realizzare opere d'arte e d'architettura di tale portata. In questo libro riccamente illustrato l'archeologo Klaus Schmidt, autore degli scavi, descrive quali forze propulsive abbiano potuto manifestarsi in un momento così cruciale per la storia della civilta' umana.'' (Umberto Tecchiati)
Geopolitics is a slippery term. From great power politics and speculation about resource scrambles, to everyday encounters and objects such as smart phones, it affects citizens, corporations, international bodies, social movements, and governments. Geopolitics is far more than simply the impact of geographical features such as rivers, mountains, and climate on political developments. Geography matters but not necessarily in the way that pundits and presidents assume. In this Very Short Introduction, Klaus Dodds tours the field of geopolitics, encompassing both its intellectual historical origins and its current concerns. As people struggle to cross borders, moving a few feet either side of a territorial boundary can be a matter of life or death, dramatically highlighting the connections between place and politics. Even far away from the front lines of states, geopolitics remains an important part of everyday life. A country's connectivity, location, size, and resources all affect how the people that live there understand and interact with the wider world. In this third edition Dodds includes new sections considering the rise of populism and economic nationalism as examples of how states, people, and corporations manage territorial frames for political projects such as Make America Great Again, One Belt, One Road, and Brexit. ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.
Advanced notion of the Creeping Codification which is based on the 'TransLex Principles', operated by the Center for Transnational Law (CENTRAL) of Cologne University at www.trans-lex.org. The Trans- Lex Principles are based on the 'List of Principles, Rules and Standards of the Lex Mercatoria' which was reproduced in the Annex of the first edition of this book. This Internet-based codification method realized through the TransLex Principles corresponds to the unique character of the Creeping Codification of the New Lex Mercatoria which is an ongoing, spontaneous, and dynamic process which is never completed.
The landmark dermatology text that bridges the gap between science and clinical medicine—updated for today’s practice Generations of clinicians, skin biologists, residents, and educators have acclaimed Fitzpatrick’s as the most authoritative and complete guide to dermatologic basic sciences, histopathology, diagnosis, and treatment. Edition after edition, it reflects the latest insights into skin diseases and skin biology—and their practical relevance to general internal medicine—while covering the scientific foundations of the specialty. This classic yet cutting-edge text is supported by the expert insights of more than 500 internationally respected contributors, and it covers everything dermatologists need to know about skin, dermatologic signs of underlying disease, and the management of all skin diseases, including acne, skin cancer, and psoriasis. FEATURES More than 3000 full-color photographs DVD with image bank includes downloadable figures from the text New illustration style makes difficult concepts easier to understand Therapeutic ladders with first, second, and third line therapies New or thoroughly revised chapters on Psoriasis;Skin disease in immunosuppressed patients;Epidermal stem cells;Hair growth disorders;Neonatal, pediatric, and adolescent dermatology;Radiotherapy;Immunobiologicals and cytokines;Lasers for rejuvenation Expanded medical and surgical therapeutics sections guide you through all treatment options
The must-have reference in dermatology--now completely revised and updated in full color! In no other source but Fitzpatrick's can you find the most comprehensive, current, and authoritative coverage of the entire spectrum of dermatologic science, diagnosis, treatment, and management. Now in a more accessible format, with everything you need to know about skin, skin symptoms, and skin diseases right at your fingertips -- from the basic science of the skin as an immunoprotective organ -- to the day-to-day clinical issues of managing skin diseases like psoriasis, acne, and skin cancer. Encyclopedic in scope, yet skillfully edited so that it's easy to read and use every day, this unsurpassed resource delivers a timely look at dermatologic therapeutics as well as dermatologic surgery and cosmetic dermatology. In addition, 3,000 eye-catching full-color photographs and hundreds of time-saving tables encapsulate core concepts, while scores of references facilitate further research. FEATURES: NEW Full color design “At a glance” overviews give you the key points of every chapter Diagnostic and Treatment algorithms guide you through the clinical thought process Boxes on differential diagnosis with helpful cross-referencing ensure that you find the content you need when you need it Color clinical photographs and useful diagrams let you see diagnosis and treatment as you read about it Over half the illustrations are NEW to this edition! Attention-getting icons lead you to additional content online NEW organization Basic science chapters are grouped with the corresponding clinical chapters Organization of dermatologic disease chapters by location of symptoms and then by causative mechanisms to facilitate comprehension More chapters on dermatologic surgery and cosmetic dermatology NEW CHAPTERS ON: Sweet Syndrome, Parapsoriasis, Lichen Sclerosus, Vitiligo, Mechanisms of Autoimmune Disease, Innate and Adaptive Immunity, Diagnostic Procedures and Devices, Body Art, Occupational Skin Disease, Topical Therapy in Ethnically Different Skins, Drug Interactions, Complementary and Alternative Dermatology, Flaps and Grafts, Surgical Complications, Cosmetics and Skin Care in Dermatologic Practice, and more Digital Access: E-BOOK DOWNLOAD of the entire text with the ability to search and annotate content and download images into your own presentations is included in your purchase. ALSO AVAILABLE: Access to Dermatology in General Medicine OnLine (DIGMO) website. SEE INSIDE THE BOOK FOR DETAILS OF THIS OFFER Updated monthly, this all-inclusive online resource is filled with additional text, images, and references
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