This book traces victims’ active participatory rights through different procedural stages in adversarial and non-adversarial justice systems, in an attempt to identify what role victims play during criminal proceedings in the domestic setting. Braun analyses countries with different legal traditions, including: the United States, England, Wales and Australia (as examples of mostly adversarial countries); Germany and France (as examples of inquisitorial systems); as well as Denmark and Sweden with their mixed inquisitorial-adversarial background. Victim Participation Rights is distinctive in that it assesses the implementation of formal processes and procedures concerning victim participation at three different procedural stages: first, investigation and pre-trial; second, trial and sentencing; and third, post-trial with a focus on appeal and parole. In addition, Braun provides an in-depth case study on the general position of victims in criminal trials, especially in light of national criminal justice policy, in Germany, a mostly inquisitorial system and Australia, a largely adversarial system. In light of its findings, the book ponders whether, at this stage in time, a greater focus on victim protection rather than on active procedural rights could be more beneficial to enhancing the overall experience of victims. In this context, it takes a close look at the merits of introducing or expanding legal representation schemes for victims.
This book traces victims’ active participatory rights through different procedural stages in adversarial and non-adversarial justice systems, in an attempt to identify what role victims play during criminal proceedings in the domestic setting. Braun analyses countries with different legal traditions, including: the United States, England, Wales and Australia (as examples of mostly adversarial countries); Germany and France (as examples of inquisitorial systems); as well as Denmark and Sweden with their mixed inquisitorial-adversarial background. Victim Participation Rights is distinctive in that it assesses the implementation of formal processes and procedures concerning victim participation at three different procedural stages: first, investigation and pre-trial; second, trial and sentencing; and third, post-trial with a focus on appeal and parole. In addition, Braun provides an in-depth case study on the general position of victims in criminal trials, especially in light of national criminal justice policy, in Germany, a mostly inquisitorial system and Australia, a largely adversarial system. In light of its findings, the book ponders whether, at this stage in time, a greater focus on victim protection rather than on active procedural rights could be more beneficial to enhancing the overall experience of victims. In this context, it takes a close look at the merits of introducing or expanding legal representation schemes for victims.
Substitution of hazardous substances is a prioritised objective in chemical regulation and risk management. However, it is experienced as a tough task with often inconsistent results. Based on thirteen case studies, this book analyzes substitution as an innovation process and attempts to give answers to the following questions: Why and under which circumstances are companies able and willing to substitute hazardous substances? What are the main drivers and the main barriers? In which way can communication along the supply chain support environmental innovation? How can risk management appropriately deal with the lack of knowledge, with uncertainties and incomplete knowledge about the possible effects of different substances? Recommendations for action are provided for commercial and state institutions and consumers and thus for all actors engaged in the European reform of chemicals policy following the REACH system.
Kerstin Rosenow-Williams analyzes the challenges faced by Islamic organizations in Germany since the beginning of the 21st century, providing original empirical insights based on a sociological research perspective.
Fibromyalgia is a syndrome of wide spread pain that is known from all parts of the world. An aspect of the syndrome of fibromyalgia is fluctuation as in onset of pain, variation in the level of symptoms, time off from pain and recovery from pain and other symptoms. The analysis of these fluctuations might create a basis for solid suggestions regarding the nature of the syn-drome itself. E.g. the pain level is well known to vary with mental and physical load including exposure to cold. Simultaneously, fibromyalgia has been found to mean an altered balance in the autonomic nervous system. In the first section of the book a developmental stage or life before fibromyalgia is covered. Intra- and interpersonal patterns based on narrations of the afflicted are pictured. Identified patterns are psychometrically examined and environmental as well as psychobiological patterns are accounted for. In the mid-section of the book life with fibromyalgia is scrutinized including biomarkers. Patterns regarding variation in the level of pain, gaps in fibromyalgia pain and environmental factors influencing these gaps are related. The effect on life, symptoms and defense measures is elucidated from the angle of mental load. The last sections portrait psychological and environmental influences concerning recovery, but especially the striking phenomenon of recovery being scarce. Special attention is paid to cognitive-emotional functioning, the need to target dissociation and environmental influences on maintenance.
Temporary employment contracts are now commonplace in business. However the move towards such employment structures has a significant, and hitherto little understood impact on 'the psychological contract' between employee and organizations. This book is amongst the first to tackle this problem. With detailed research findings from seven countries: Belgium, Germany, the Netherlands, Spain, Sweden, the UK and (for a non-European perspective) Israel, it presents an integrated model of the effects of temporary work. The model incorporates key recent trends, including the expansion of non-permanent employment as a persistent form of employment flexibility, the increasing importance of the psychological contract, and the diversity of the European labour market as a result of state legislation. By presenting the results of an overview of the research literature on this contemporary labour market trend this book is of real value to researchers, practitioners and policy makers.
The present volume, "Organoosmium Compounds" 8 6, systematically covers the litera ture through 1992, including many later references. This volume is the first published of Series 8. This series is devoted to compounds containing two or more osmium atoms. The volume forms a unit with" Organoosmium Compounds" 8 5 (in preparation). 80th volumes deal with trinuclear compounds with ligands other than CO which are bonded to Os by one carbon atom ("1L ligands "), regardless of whether the ligand is additionally coordinated to Os by heteroatoms. Generally CO groups are additional ligands. As is usual in the organometallic Gmelin series, the term "trinuclear" means three osmium atoms in the molecule without regard to any additional metals that may be present. The content and the subdivision of both volumes are described on p. 1. Volume 85 will deal with homometallic compounds in which the bonding C atom of the leading 1L ligand is bonded to Os by one non-bridging Os-C bond. The first part of the present volume, 86, is devoted to homometallic compounds in which the bonding C atom of the 1L ligand bridges two or three Os atoms. A second part deals with all heterometallic compounds with 1L ligands other than CO. An Empirical Formula Index and a Ligand Formula Index for both volumes 8 5 and 86 will be included in volume 8 5. For abbreviations and dimensions used throughout this volume, see p. X.
Children have occupied a prominent place in Yiddish literature since early modern times, but children’s literature as a genre has its beginnings in the early 20th century. Its emergence reflected the desire of Jewish intellectuals to introduce modern forms of education, and promote ideological agendas, both in Eastern Europe and in immigrant communities elsewhere. Before the Second World War, a number of publishing houses and periodicals in Europe and the Americas specialized in stories, novels and poems for various age groups. Prominent authors such as Yankev Glatshteyn, Der Nister, Joseph Opatoshu, Leyb Kvitko, made original contributions to the genre, while artists, such as Marc Chagall, El Lissitzky and Yisakhar Ber Rybak, also took an active part. In the Soviet Union, meanwhile, children’s literature provided an opportunity to escape strong ideological pressure. Yiddish children’s literature is still being produced today, both for secular and strongly Orthodox communities. This volume is a pioneering collective study not only of children’s literature but of the role played by children in literature.
The topic of this work is nominal coreference in English and German. Its focus is on coreference relations that establish textual coherence and continuity above the local level of the clause. The book shows how linguistic options for creating coreference in English and German can be interpreted against the background of their motivating factors. It discusses mental text processing, German-English systemic contrasts and register peculiarities as possible sources for variation on different linguistic levels. Hermeneutic and example-based observations are complemented by a corpus-linguistic analysis of English and German political essays and German translations from the English originals. The study finally highlights linguistic and functional correlations of coreference instantiations in English and German texts, additionally shedding light on coreference strategies employed in translations. It thus yields an incentive for future research as well as providing a wealth of insights for language and translation teaching.
This is the first book that comprehensively examines Indigenous filmmaking in North America, as it analyzes in detail a variety of representative films by Canadian and US-American Indigenous filmmakers: two films that contextualize the oral tradition, three short films, and four dramatic films. The book explores how members of colonized groups use the medium of film as a means for cultural and political expression and thus enter the dominant colonial film discourse and create an answering discourse. The theoretical framework is developed as an interdisciplinary approach, combining postcolonialism, Indigenous studies, and film studies. As Indigenous people are gradually taking control over the imagemaking process in the area of film and video, they cease being studied and described objects and become subjects who create self-controlled images of Indigenous cultures. The book explores the translatability of Indigenous oral tradition into film, touching upon the changes the cultural knowledge is subject to in this process, including statements of Indigenous filmmakers on this issue. It also asks whether or not there is a definite Indigenous film practice and whether filmmakers tend to dissociate their work from dominant classical filmmaking, adapt to it, or create new film forms and styles through converging classical film conventions and their conscious violation. This approach presupposes that Indigenous filmmakers are constantly in some state of reaction to Western ethnographic filmmaking and to classical narrative filmmaking and its epitome, the Hollywood narrative cinema. The films analyzed are The Road Allowance People by Maria Campbell, Itam Hakim, Hopiit by Victor Masayesva, Talker by Lloyd Martell, Tenacity and Smoke Signals by Chris Eyre, Overweight With Crooked Teeth and Honey Moccasin by Shelley Niro, Big Bear by Gil Cardinal, and Atanarjuat: The Fast Runner by Zacharias Kunuk.
This publication is the result of an international and interdisciplinary expert meeting at Technische Universität Berlin, in March 2020. The aim of the expert meeting was to collaboratively write and publish a book, within five days, on the central question: Which organizational structures and processes at universities support a strategic as well as innovative campus development? As experts with an interdisciplinary background including the social sciences, public real estate, urban planning, architecture and landscape architecture, we could examine the question from a holistic perspective and gain new insights. The resulting manifesto states necessary steps and strategies to create innovative and sustainable hybrid environments for universities. It addresses all decision makers – executives, practitioners and contributors alike – as all of us face the challenge of limited resources and needing to do more with less.
In contrastive linguistics of English and German, there is a tradition of accounting for contrasts with respect to grammar and, to a lesser extent, for lexis and phonetics. Moving on to discourse and text, there is a sizeable body of literature on cohesive patterns in English and German respectively - but very little in terms of a comparison. The latter, though, is of particular interest for language learners, translators and, of course, linguists and researchers in language technology. This book attempts to close this gap, based on a number of years of corpus-based study into variation and cohesion in the two languages. While there is an overall focus on language contrasts, it also investigates variation between different registers language-internally, and between written and spoken mode in particular. For each of the five major types of cohesion (co-reference, substitution, ellipsis, conjunctive relations and lexical cohesion), overviews are given of contrasts in the system and of contrastive frequencies in texts. Results and methods presented in this book are thus relevant for language teaching, translation, language technology and corpus-based work on English and German generally.
Historicizing both emotions and politics, this open access book argues that the historical work of emotion is most clearly understood in terms of the dynamics of institutionalization. This is shown in twelve case studies that focus on decisive moments in European and US history from 1800 until today. Each case study clarifies how emotions were central to people’s political engagement and its effects. The sources range from parliamentary buildings and social movements, to images and speeches of presidents, from fascist cemeteries to the International Criminal Court. Both the timeframe and the geographical focus have been chosen to highlight the increasingly participatory character of nineteenth- and twentieth-century politics, which is inconceivable without the work of emotions.
The interaction between color and architecture determines our perception of space, and defines the tectonic relationships. The fascinating spatial potential of color, and the multi-layered dimensions of interpretation in the experience of color are design and communication means which, however, are often not fully used – color oscillates between autonomy and functional purpose, and should be understood as a distinct "material" that can be used as part of the design. The book focuses both on the tangible aspects and design criteria of color, and on its indeterminate nature and its experience value. Using examples in art and architecture, the spatial interdependency of color is illustrated, as is its interaction with structure, light, and geometry.
This book investigates and discusses the phenomenon of internationalization of education policy and its consequences for national policymaking processes. By comparing educational outcomes and actors' reactions in different countries, it provides detailed insights into a highly contested policy field.
When Margarete Dos moved with her family to Berlin on the eve of World War II, she and her younger brother were blindly ushered into a generation of Hitler Youth. Like countless citizens under Hitler’s regime, Margarete struggled to understand what was happening to her country. Later, as a nurse for the German Red Cross, she treated countless young soldiers—recruited in the eleventh hour to fight a losing battle—they would die before her eyes as Allied bombs racked her beloved city. Yet, her deep humanity, intelligence, and passion for life—which sparkles in every sentence of her memoir—carried Margarete through to war’s end. But just when she thought the worst was over, and she and her mother were on a train headed to Sweden, they were suddenly rerouted deep into Russia… This powerful account draws back the curtain on a piece of history that has been largely overlooked—the nightmare that millions of German civilians suffered, simply because they were German. That Margarete survived to tell her tale so vividly and courageously is a gift to us all.
Rolf Wittig worked for four different railways in his life, as a stoker, subway driver, window cleaner and IC engineer. He recounts events from his railway experience.
Who says that daughters cannot be heroic?' Once upon a time, history was written by men, for men and about men. Women were deemed less important, their letters destroyed, their stories ignored. Not any more. This is the story of women who went to war, women who stopped war and women who stayed at home. The rulers. The fighters. The activists. The writers. This is the story of Wu Zetian, who as 'Chinese Emperor' helped to spread Buddhism in China. This is the story of Genghis Khan's powerful daughters, who ruled his empire for him. This is the story of Christine de Pizan, one of the earliest feminist writers. This is the story of Victoria Woodhull, who ran for president before she could even vote for one. This is the story of the world – with the women put back in.
The building physics and comfort-relevant properties of gypsum drywall construction make it a particularly sustainable and versatile construction method. The book links the great architectural and sculptural potential of this building method with its construction requirements. Its focus is on the diversity of the system, its specific prerequisites, and its systematic implementation in design ideas. The space concept and elements in existing and new buildings are analyzed, and their implementation illustrated in detail. In addition, numerous examples of details and building components explain the effect of light, color, material, surface, and construction. Drawings at different scales illustrate the tectonic relationships in space.
Toole's Cerebrovascular Disorders was the first modern book devoted to care of the stroke, originally published more than 40 years ago. This is a completely revised and updated sixth edition of the highly respected standard for stroke diagnosis and treatment. Dr James Toole has stayed on as a consultant for the text, and Drs E. Steve Roach, Kerstin Bettermann, and Jose Biller have reworked Dr Toole's book to include chapters on genetics, pregnancy-related stroke, and acute treatments. The practical focus of the book has not changed, retaining its emphasis on bedside diagnosis and treatment. Easily accessible both for stroke specialists and residents, the sixth edition has been modernized to keep pace with the rapid expansion of knowledge in stroke care and includes evidence-based recommendations, the latest technology and imaging, and risk factors. The text is supplemented with more than 200 images, many in color.
The toolbox shows how strategy content can be systematically developed in an agile, light-footed way and with the joy of experimentation. The team of authors explains how the advantages of agile methods can be utilised and how they can be combined with proven and familiar elements of conventional strategy development. Using many examples from different sectors and sizes of organisations and administrations, they show which approaches lead to success and which stumbling blocks you may encounter.
Seminar paper from the year 2015 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 1,0, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg (Institut für Anglistik), course: Cognitive pragmatics, language: English, abstract: The notion of gender is normal for many languages like German, French, or Spanish. While it is essential to these languages that one declines words in different word classes to indicate gender, there are also non-traditional approaches to this. In Spanish, for example, it’s becoming more and more common, on the Internet, to use the @-sign for word endings, in order to include both genders. If one wanted to avoid writing Latina/Latino, one could simply write Latin@. In Germany, a research group from the Humboldt-Universität in Berlin developed the terms Professx and Studentx to avoid gendering the words Professor/Professorin and Student/Studentin. The letter x plays the role of a wild card here – similar to the @-sign in Spanish. The professor that led the research group had a personal interest in this: they do not identify as either female or male. This is still something that is considered ‘abnormal’ in most societies. Over the years, many things have improved for people that were once, or still are, not considered ‘normal’. Many minority groups can now enjoy more privileges that white, heterosexual, and cisgender people have always had. Legal rights have changed a lot over the last years. For example, it is now possible for trans* people to legally change their gender/sex. Their situation is not perfect yet but it is improving, at least. First of all, however, the necessary terms, such as ‘sex’ and ‘gender’, have to be defined. Also, the Genderbread Person by Sam Killerman will be presented to show a different, non-traditional, more detailed approach that deals with the various aspects of ‘gender’. After that, the linguistic part of this paper will begin. ‘The Pronouns of Power and Solidarity’ by Roger Brown and Albert Gilman will be illustrated, and Mx will be adapted to it. Lastly, the survey on the use of Mx, conducted by the author, will be presented. The purpose of it was to find out what people think of the concept of ‘Mx’ and how known it is, as there is little to no research on this topic.
This book, part of the successful LexisNexis Questions and Answer series, deals with criminal procedure. . The primary purpose of this book is to provide students with an understanding of criminal procedure and to develop their problem-solving skills. Each chapter commences with a summary of relevant law and key issues. Each question is followed by an answer plan, a suggested answer, examiner's comments and a section on common errors to avoid. The authors also give practical tips on examination technique. Due to the nature of the subject, questions include essay-based and short answer questions. Questions cover a comprehensive range of topics including arrest, detention and search after arrest, bail, obtaining evidence and forensic procedures, the right to silence and police interrogation, entry onto and search of premises, sentencing and pleas in mitigation, and the appeal process.
Substitution of hazardous substances is a prioritised objective in chemical regulation and risk management. However, it is experienced as a tough task with often inconsistent results. Based on thirteen case studies, this book analyzes substitution as an innovation process and attempts to give answers to the following questions: Why and under which circumstances are companies able and willing to substitute hazardous substances? What are the main drivers and the main barriers? In which way can communication along the supply chain support environmental innovation? How can risk management appropriately deal with the lack of knowledge, with uncertainties and incomplete knowledge about the possible effects of different substances? Recommendations for action are provided for commercial and state institutions and consumers and thus for all actors engaged in the European reform of chemicals policy following the REACH system.
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