Humans have always made decisions about war, but now machines are close to changing things - with implications for international affairs. Payne explores the origins of human strategy, and makes the argument that Artificial Intelligence will radically transform the nature of war by changing the psychological basis of decision-making about violence.
With numerous examples from law, medicine, engineering, and economics, the author presents a comprehensive examination of the underlying dynamics of judgment, dramatizing its important role in the formation of social policies which affect us all.
First, strange lights appear in the sky over Washington D.C. Then, Army troops across the country begin dying of suffocation. The War Department asks Doc and his crew to investigate a mystery that takes them from the Capitol to the Golden Gate Bridge on an adventure that literally takes one’s breath away.
This story of a remarkable people, the Black Seminoles, and their charismatic leader, Chief John Horse, chronicles their heroic struggle for freedom. Beginning with the early 1800s, small groups of fugitive slaves living in Florida joined the Seminole Indians (an association that thrived for decades on reciprocal respect and affection). Kenneth Porter traces their fortunes and exploits as they moved across the country and attempted to live first beyond the law, then as loyal servants of it. He examines the Black Seminole role in the bloody Second Seminole War, when John Horse and his men distinguished themselves as fierce warriors, and their forced removal to the Oklahoma Indian Territory in the 1840s, where John's leadership ability emerged. The account includes the Black Seminole exodus in the 1850s to Mexico, their service as border troops for the Mexican government, and their return to Texas in the 1870s, where many of the men scouted for the U.S. Army. Members of their combat-tested unit, never numbering more than 50 men at a time, were awarded four of the sixteen Medals of Honor received by the several thousand Indian scouts in the West. Porter's interviews with John Horse's descendants and acquaintances in the 1940s and 1950s provide eyewitness accounts. When Alcione Amos and Thomas Senter took up the project in the 1980s, they incorporated new information that had since come to light about John Horse and his people. A powerful and stirring story, The Black Seminoles will appeal especially to readers interested in black history, Indian history, Florida history, and U.S. military history.
Can we build a bird feeder that keeps squirrels out? Where do earthworms like to live? Does color affect human emotions? Readers will learn the answers to these questions and more with the fun experiments in this book. Young scientists will observe and explore behaviors of animals' interactions with environments. Many experiments include ideas they can use for their science fair.
(Applause Books). Announcing the first volume in an exciting new series sure to become a fan favorite. Here is the inaugural edition of TV Year , a new survey of the most recent complete season of over 200 drama, comedy, reality, and game shows, and more, from all the major networks. Readers will now be able to make up their own minds as to whether or not we've entered "the new golden age of television," as Jon Cassar remarked upon accepting his 2006 Emmy Award for best director for a drama series for 24 . This book includes: * Every significant prime time (8 to 11pm) broadcast series, both new and returning, that aired on television from August 2005 through July 2006. * Complete credits and detailed, opinionated summaries of each show with excerpts of reviews and behind the scenes gossip. Initial air date and closing date, cast changes, and notations about cancellation. Each entry also notes the DVD availability of each series. * TV Year includes the season's mini-series and TV movies and lists the nominees and winners of the Emmy Awards. Film and TV expert John Kenneth Muir also can't help but add a few non-prime time shows as well that have become cultural events in their own right, including "The Daily Show," "The Colbert Report," and "Real Time with Bill Maher.
In the succeeding pages the authors have collated scattered information about individual sulfatases and have endeavoured to indicate their physiological roles within the microorganism, the ways in which their synthesis is subject to genetic and physiological control, and their participation in natural processes such as the recycling sulfur. The authors have also attempted, for the first time, to discuss at length the mechanisms of action of some of the enzymes in relation to current knowledge about the nonenzymic hydrolysis of various types of sulfate ester. Although primarily directed towards those people interested in biochemistry and enzymology of microorganisms, it is the authors belief that there will be much in the book that will be of interest to worker in the mammalian field.
Until Karl Jansky's 1933 discovery of radio noise from the Milky Way, astronomy was limited to observation by visible light. Radio astronomy opened a new window on the Universe, leading to the discovery of quasars, pulsars, the cosmic microwave background, electrical storms on Jupiter, the first extrasolar planets, and many other unexpected and unanticipated phenomena. Theory generally played little or no role – or even pointed in the wrong direction. Some discoveries came as a result of military or industrial activities, some from academic research intended for other purposes, some from simply looking with a new technique. Often it was the right person, in the right place, at the right time, doing the right thing – or sometimes the wrong thing. Star Noise tells the story of these discoveries, the men and women who made them, the circumstances which enabled them, and the surprising ways in which real-life scientific research works.
This book tells the story of the huge addiction treatment industry which flourished in the United States between 1890 and the advent of Prohibition in 1920. The story begins in Russia in 1886, where a number of doctors discovered a relatively effective pharmacological treatment for alcoholism. Although this Russian discovery was published in countless major English language medical journals, it was entirely ignored by the US addiction experts of the day, who eschewed pharmacological treatments, and instead preferred to lock people up in inebriate asylums where they could be subjected to religious coercion. However, an obscure railroad physician and patent medicine salesman named Leslie E. Keeley, who lived in the dusty prairie town of Dwight, Illinois, read about the Russian treatment in a medical journal and decided to give it a try. Much to his surprise, the Russian treatment proved highly effective, and, by 1891, Dr. Keeley was treating upwards of a thousand patents a day at the Keeley Institute in Dwight. Keeley was a salesman and a bit of a Barnum; he always claimed that he had invented the cure himself after decades of painstaking research and he called it the Gold Cure, claiming that his secret ingredient was gold. Of course, there was no gold in the gold cure other than the gold which lined Keeley's pockets. However, the treatment was relatively effective, and by 1893 there were over 100 Keeley Institutes operating in the United States and abroad, and hundreds of copycats were operating imitation gold cure institutes. The Keeley Gold Cure was even adopted by the National Homes for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers and the US Army. The Keeley treatment took 28 days and required hypodermic injections four times a day for the entire period. On the other hand, the Gatlin Institutes which opened in 1902 and the Neal Institutes which opened in 1909 used a form of aversion treatment and advertised themselves as three-day liquor cures. Competition between the gold cures and the three-day liquor cures in the first two decades of the 20th century was fierce and intense. Then, as the United States entered World War One in 1917, the demand for addiction treatment suddenly dried up for a variety of reasons, and the majority of these proprietary cure institutes had shut down before the enactment of Prohibition in 1920, although the parent Keeley Institute in Dwight remained in operation until 1966. This book contains the never-before-told tale of how these proprietary treatment institutes grew into a huge industry, flourished, then finally faded away as the United States entered World War One. Part One of this book covers the Keeley Institutes, Dipsocura, the Bedal Institutes, the McKanna liquor cure, the Wherrell gold cure, and the Hagey Cure. Part Two of this book covers the Morrell Cure, the National Bichloride of Gold Institutes, the Oppenheimer Institutes, the Tyson Vegetable Cure, the Willow Bark Institutes, the Telfair Sanitarium, the Connelley Cure, the Murray Institutes, the Gatlin Institutes, the Neal Institutes, the S. B. Collins Cure, and the D'Unger Cure. Part Two also contains appendices discussing strychnine, belladonna alkaloids, "jag cure" laws, and more.
No Small Hope calls for a rethinking of global policy, advocating for a basic goods approach focused on the provision of nutritious food, clean water, sanitation, health services, education services, housing, electricity, and human security services. The book offers a practical agenda based on the real determinants of human development.
Before Terlingua achieved some notoriety as the site of the annual World Championship Chili Cookoff, the ghost town was the bustling center of the mercury mining industry in the United States. Quicksilver tells the story of the company town and its feudal lord, Chicago industrialist Howard E. Perry, who built a hilltop mansion overlooking the dry domain. Based on many primary sources, this solidly researched and historically sound book tells of profit, power, and loss; of U.S. Army protection from the effects of revolution south of the border; of Depression-era maneuverings and labor unrest; and of a region that holds growing fascination for thousands of visitors each year. Color and authenticity come from the author's interviews with such individuals as Robert Cartledge, who for nearly three decades worked as store clerk, purchasing agent, and finally general manager of the Chisos Mining Company in Terlingua.
This book provides an ideal resource for researchers and students in cognitive science and cognitive psychology, as well as an excellent source of information for those who train others in stressful occupations. It will greatly benefit those interested in political science and social policy, or anyone who has ever wondered about the psychological effects of stress."--BOOK JACKET.
Reviews research on the origins of handedness in the context of Darwin's theory of evolution and considers the development of functional asymmetry of the brain for hand usage and speech as a result of plasticity of the nervous system.
In this well-illustrated text, Kenneth R. Lang explains the life cycle of stars, from the dense molecular clouds that are stellar nurseries to the enigmatic nebulae some stars leave behind in their violent ends. Free of mathematical equations and technical jargon, Lang's lively and accessible text provides physical insights into how stars such as our Sun are born, what fuels them and keeps them bright, how they evolve and the processes by which they eventually die. The book demonstrates the sheer scope and variety of stellar phenomena in the context of the universe as a whole. Boxed focus elements enhance and amplify the discussion for readers looking for more depth. Featuring more than 150 figures, including color plates, The Life and Death of Stars is a modern and up-to-date account of stars written for a broad audience, from armchair astronomers and popular science readers to students and teachers of science.
This box set collects all four books in the acclaimed Defenders series by Kenneth Andrus featuring Nick Parkos and his clandestine military ops team handling dangerous missions for the US Director of National Intelligence. The set includes: Flash Point, Amber Dawn, Arctic Menace and The Curators.
Radiation Detection: Concepts, Methods, and Devices provides a modern overview of radiation detection devices and radiation measurement methods. The book topics have been selected on the basis of the authors’ many years of experience designing radiation detectors and teaching radiation detection and measurement in a classroom environment. This book is designed to give the reader more than a glimpse at radiation detection devices and a few packaged equations. Rather it seeks to provide an understanding that allows the reader to choose the appropriate detection technology for a particular application, to design detectors, and to competently perform radiation measurements. The authors describe assumptions used to derive frequently encountered equations used in radiation detection and measurement, thereby providing insight when and when not to apply the many approaches used in different aspects of radiation detection. Detailed in many of the chapters are specific aspects of radiation detectors, including comprehensive reviews of the historical development and current state of each topic. Such a review necessarily entails citations to many of the important discoveries, providing a resource to find quickly additional and more detailed information. This book generally has five main themes: Physics and Electrostatics needed to Design Radiation Detectors Properties and Design of Common Radiation Detectors Description and Modeling of the Different Types of Radiation Detectors Radiation Measurements and Subsequent Analysis Introductory Electronics Used for Radiation Detectors Topics covered include atomic and nuclear physics, radiation interactions, sources of radiation, and background radiation. Detector operation is addressed with chapters on radiation counting statistics, radiation source and detector effects, electrostatics for signal generation, solid-state and semiconductor physics, background radiations, and radiation counting and spectroscopy. Detectors for gamma-rays, charged-particles, and neutrons are detailed in chapters on gas-filled, scintillator, semiconductor, thermoluminescence and optically stimulated luminescence, photographic film, and a variety of other detection devices.
Gangland's demise is complete. Ghost Squad's days are numbered. Matrix has brought The Serpent Society to Midwest City...and his evil-ass little sister! Det. Higgins seeks the help of Channel 10 News reporter, Becky Plummer, to help him bring down Lt. Simms. As ShadowKill gains new allies and powers, his list of enemies grows and thanks to Dr. Africanus, they're much more formidable. Meanwhile, BloodOath is off the grid with a new, personal devotion to his true ilk. While Yosul and Prof. Danetta Garvey's relationship strengthens, Sarah has disappeared, Yosul's past is revealed, two Founders of W.I.S.K are introduced, and someone travels through time! Hold on to your seats! KG Bethlehem & F. Kenneth Taylor has packed this installment with tons of surprises!
An escalating regional crisis. World powers raising the stakes. Can one man prevent the ultimate disaster? SEAL Commander Mike Rohrbaugh has been assigned to a Pacific Fleet staff job. But an increase in threatening activity in the South China Sea sets diplomatic waters churning. And when rogue Chinese Navy operatives seize a Filipino fishing boat, he’s ordered back into the field for a risky undercover operation. With players in the Chinese, Philippine, and Vietnamese governments flexing their military muscles, Rohrbaugh knows the deteriorating situation could quickly lead to a world war. And when evidence surfaces of a nuclear threat, he knows he must beat the clock to neutralize a devastating act of revenge. With the fate of the globe in his hands, will Rohrbaugh succeed before the situation explodes into radioactive annihilation? Flash Point is the suspenseful first book in The Defenders action series. If you like complex plots, true-to-life themes, and take-charge characters, then you’ll love Kenneth Andrus’s pulse-pounding adventure. “… a fast-paced, action-packed international thriller pulled from today’s headlines.” Rick Ludwig, author Pele’s Fire
Catalonia: the struggle over independence offers an overview of Catalonia's political, cultural and economic life and its relations with the rest of Spain. It shows how Catalonia has long displayed the characteristics of a nation: distinct language and culture, separate social and political institutions, and a strong collective identity. At the same time, Catalonia has been one of Spain's primary centres of economic dynamism and innovation. As such, it is an especially striking instance of "minority' or 'internal' nations within a larger political order. During the Franco years, the Spanish state made a concerted effort to eliminate Catalonia's national characteristics. Subsequently, as it sought to restore the Catalan nation, Catalonia's leadership, and most of its population, presumed that Catalonia would pursue 'nation-building without a state' as part of the post-Franco constitutional and political order. This second edition analyzes the remarkable transformation that has taken place over the last decade. The ideal of an independent and sovereign Catalonia has become: the formal objective of Catalonia's parliament and government; the raison d'être of a strongly mobilized social movement; and the preferred arrangement of close to half of Catalonia's residents. In 2017, the drive for independence even led to a failed attempt to secure independence unilaterally, in defiance of Spain's constitution and its central state. How can this transformation best be explained and what does it portend for the future of Catalonia and Spain? The book offers Important insights about the origins of nationalism and the politics of secessionism. By exploring the challenge of accommodating 'internal nations' within a larger state, the book addresses a central question facing the political institutions of much of Europe and North America"--
First Americans provides a comprehensive history of Native Americans from their earliest appearance in North America to the present, highlighting the complexity and diversity of their cultures and their experiences. Native voices permeate the text and shape its narrative, underlining the agency and vitality of Native peoples and cultures in the context of regional, continental, and global developments. This updated edition of First Americans continues to trace Native experiences through the Obama administration years and up to the present day. The book includes a variety of pedagogical tools including short biographical profiles, key review questions, a rich series of maps and illustrations, chapter chronologies, and recommendations for further reading. Lucid and readable yet rigorous in its coverage, First Americans remains the indispensable student introduction to Native American history.
Paradigm Shifts & Structural Changes - in Pursuit of Progress in the Caribbean Community This publication consists of a significant number of scholarly papers from eminent Caribbean Intellectuals and academics, committed to the advancement of regional integration. It encapsulates articles which represent views on CARICOM, covering a wide spectrum of issues from conception, through current trials and tribulations, into bold peeks into the future. The contribution by the late Hon. Best and Dr. St. Cyr, is particularly interesting as it dares to try to impose paradigm shifts on both the methodology to be used, and on the desirable destination to be sought, if future generations are not to decry the current generation for this myopia.
Britain is one of the most unequal countries in the western world: the richest one per cent own a vast proportion of the wealth, while both the pay gap and spending habits remain incredibly divisive. How do such divisions reflect contemporary ideas of class? In what way does economic life affect individuals and social relationships? What are the implications for society as a whole? This thoroughly revised second edition of Class in Contemporary Britain uses class theory to interrogate and explain patterns and trends in economic inequalities, and to explore their consequences from a sociological view. Addressing and debating timely questions, this new edition: - Assesses different ways of mapping class structures through class schemes - Highlights the continued importance of class in sociological study and analyses contemporary social class divisions - Explores key topics, including social mobility, voting habits and education - Reflects on recent changes and developments in the field, from environmental and technological concerns to shifts in class demographics This comprehensive and accessible book disentangles the complex ties between economic, social and political perspectives on class in contemporary Britain. It is essential reading for all social sciences students who are studying class.
Essential Astrophysics is a book to learn or teach from, as well as a fundamental reference volume for anyone interested in astronomy and astrophysics. It presents astrophysics from basic principles without requiring any previous study of astronomy or astrophysics. It serves as a comprehensive introductory text, which takes the student through the field of astrophysics in lecture-sized chapters of basic physical principles applied to the cosmos. This one-semester overview will be enjoyed by undergraduate students with an interest in the physical sciences, such as astronomy, chemistry, engineering or physics, as well as by any curious student interested in learning about our celestial science. The mathematics required for understanding the text is on the level of simple algebra, for that is all that is needed to describe the fundamental principles. The text is of sufficient breadth and depth to prepare the interested student for more advanced specialised courses in the future. Astronomical examples are provided throughout the text, to reinforce the basic concepts and physics, and to demonstrate the use of the relevant formulae. In this way, the student learns to apply the fundamental equations and principles to cosmic objects and situations. Astronomical and physical constants and units as well as the most fundamental equations can be found in the appendix. Essential Astrophysics goes beyond the typical textbook by including references to the seminal papers in the field, with further reference to recent applications, results, or specialised literature.
This book was originally published in 2008. Nicholas Maw's Odyssey is a landmark in contemporary music; at approximately 90 minutes it is one of the longest continuous examples of music written for full-orchestra and received a first, truncated, performance at the 1987 BBC Proms. It took Maw many years to complete and was later recorded to great acclaim by Sir Simon Rattle and the City of Birmingham Symphony Orchestra. In his examination of Odyssey, Kenneth Gloag provides a detailed discussion of Maw's musical identity and reputation as a contemporary composer in relation to romanticism, modernism and postmodernism, taking into consideration his break-through work Scenes and Arias (1962) and the subsequent progression to Odyssey. The book investigates issues of time and narrative crucial to the generation of the work's remarkable length, and considers the relationship between the sectionalization of the score and prevailing sense of unity in the music. Situating Odyssey in larger historical and critical frameworks, Gloag evaluates the initial reception of the work and reflects on Maw's music composed after Odyssey.
The Eastern Archaic, Historicized offers an alternative perspective on the genesis and transformation of cultural diversity over eight millennia of hunter-gatherer dwelling in eastern North America. For many decades, archaeological understanding of Archaic diversity has been dominated by perspectives that emphasize localized relationships between humans and environment. The evidence, shows, however that Archaic people routinely associated with other groups throughout eastern North America and expressed themselves materially in ways that reveal historical links to other places and times. Starting with the colonization of eastern North America by two distinct ancestral lines, the Eastern Archaic was an era of migrations, ethnogenesis, and coalescence—an 8,200-year era of making histories through interactions and expressing them culturally in ritual and performance.
Understanding why individuals participate in politics demands attention to more than just individual attributes and attitudes. Similarly, understanding how interest groups influence policy-making demands attention to more than just the financial donations and direct activities of Washington-based lobbyists. To answer fundamental questions about what determines when and why people participate in politics and how organized interests go about trying to influence legislative decision-making we must understand how and why political leaders recruit which members of the public into the political arena. Looking from the bottom up with survey data and from the top down with data from interest group interviews, Kenneth Goldstein develops and tests a theory of how tactical choices in a grass-roots campaign are made. In doing so, he demonstrates that outside lobbying activities deserve a place in any correctly-specified model of interest group influence, political participation, or legislative decision-making.
This 1973 book analyses the changing position of women in an urban context in sub-Saharan Africa. In spite of the fact that women, at the time of publication, were often important leaders of opinion and in these countries the proportion of women in professional work was at least as large as in Britain, few researchers and even fewer television and newspaper reporters paid them sufficient attention. As the new role of women in Africa was peculiarly a phenomenon of the city, Professor Little's book uses the concept of urbanization in order to analyse the radical changes taking place. He shows how certain women's movements were growing out of the African woman's desire for a new relationship with the man. This leads him to consider the part played by women in the political arena, and women's position not only in monogamous marriage, but also in extra-marital and sexual relationships.
A variety of critical approaches illuminate different facets of Poe's complex imagination by concentrating on such famous tales as The Cask of Amontillado, The Fall of the House of Usher, The Black Cat and The Murders in the Rue Morgue.
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